scholarly journals CAN THE 14C PRODUCTION IN 1055 CE BE AFFECTED BY SN1054?

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1403-1418
Author(s):  
F Terrasi ◽  
F Marzaioli ◽  
R Buompane ◽  
I Passariello ◽  
G Porzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Supernova Explosion ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle ◽  
Middle Latitude ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Cyclic Variability ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTAnnually resolved radiocarbon (14C) measurements on tree rings led to the discovery of abrupt variations in 14C production attributed to large solar flares. We present new results of annual and subannual 14C fluctuations in tree rings from a middle-latitude sequoia (California) and a high-latitude pine (Finland), analyzed for the period 1030–1080 CE, to trace a possible impact of the Crab supernova explosion, occurring during the Oort minimum of solar activity. Our results indicate an increase of Δ14C around 1054/55 CE, which we estimate is higher in magnitude than the cyclic variability due to solar activity at a 2σ significance level. The net signal appears to be synchronized in the studied locations. Several sources of this event are possible including γ-rays from the Crab supernova, an unusually weak solar minimum or a solar energetic particle incident. More data are needed to provide more insight into the origin of this 14C event.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Activity Variation in Dated Tree Rings Grown in Mackenzie Delta

Radiocarbon ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (2A) ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Y Fan ◽  
Chen Tie-Mei ◽  
Yun Si-Xun ◽  
Dai Kai-Mei
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Activity Cycle ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Solar Activity Cycle ◽  
Mackenzie Delta ◽  
Activity Variation

We measured the Δ14C values in 57 rings (from AD 1824 to 1880) of a white spruce grown in Mackenzie Delta (68°N, 130°W), as part of our continuing study of the Δ14C variation related to solar activities. The values exhibit a 10‰ fluctuation with an 11-year periodicity anti-correlated with the solar activity cycle. We also measured the Δ14C values in 6 rings (from AD 1940 to 1945). The abnormally high value in the 1943 ring may be due to two large solar flares occurring in 1942.

Solar Energetic Particle Events at the Rise Phase of the 23rd Solar Activity Cycle Registered aboard the Spacecraft “INTERBALL-2”

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Vladislav Timofeev ◽  
Sergey Starodubtsev
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Energetic Particle ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle ◽  
Activity Cycle ◽  
Solar Activity Cycle ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle Events ◽  
Mass Ejection ◽  
Rise Phase ◽  
23Rd Solar Activity Cycle

AbstractThe experiment with 10K-80 aboard the INTER-BALL-2 (which detects protons with energies > 7, 27–41, 41–58, 58–88, 88–180 and 180–300 MeV) registered six events of the solar energetic particle (SEP) increase. These events are during the initial rise phase of the 23rd solar activity cycle. Solar flares with the SEP generation are accompanied by coronal mass ejection (CME). Here we analyze the dynamics of the differential energy spectrum at different phases of the SEP increase.

scholarly journals Tree Rings Show Record of Newly Identified Extreme Solar Activity Event

Eos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Rehnberg
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Energetic Particle ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle Event ◽  
Particle Event ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Ring Material

Mass spectroscopy of tree ring material indicates a sharp, single-year rise in carbon-14 concentrations consistent with an extreme solar energetic particle event that occurred around 5410 BCE.

scholarly journals Closing up onto our sun: solar imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 07011
Author(s):  
Kushagra Shrivastava ◽  
Keith Wen Kai Chia ◽  
Kang Jun Wong ◽  
Alfred Yong Liang Tan ◽  
Hwee Tiang Ning
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Science ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Term Data ◽  
Made In

Solar activity research provides insight into the Sun’s past, future (Science Daily, 2018). The solar activity includes observations of large numbers of intense sunspots, flares, and other phenomena; and demands a wide range of techniques and measurements on the observations. This research needs long term data collection before critical analyses can occur, to generate meaningful learning and knowledge. In this project, we will use solar imaging to make observations of solar activity, and take our baby steps to make contributions in citizen science. Observations will be made in 3 wavelengths to gain a more thorough analysis by looking at different perspectives of the Sun, namely H-Alpha, Calcium-K, and white light.

Solar activity influences on planetary atmosphere evolution: Lessons from observations at Venus, Earth, and Mars

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S354) ◽  
pp. 241-258
Author(s):  
J. G. Luhmann
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Space Physics ◽  
Planetary Atmosphere ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
Ion Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Planetary Magnetic Field ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe Pioneer Venus and Venus Express missions, and the Mars Express and MAVEN missions, along with numerous Earth orbiters carrying space physics and aeronomy instruments, have utilized the increasing availability of space weather observations to provide better insight into the impacts of present-day solar activity on the atmospheres of terrestrial planets. Of most interest among these are the responses leading to escape of either ion or neutral constituents, potentially altering both the total atmospheric reservoirs and their composition. While debates continue regarding the role(s) of a planetary magnetic field in either decreasing or increasing these escape rates, observations have shown that enhancements can occur in both situations in response to solar activity-related changes. These generally involve increased energy inputs to the upper atmospheres, increases in ion production, and/or increases in escape channels, e.g. via interplanetary field penetration or planetary field ‘opening’. Problems arise when extrapolations of former loss rates are needed. While it is probably safe to suggest lower limits based simply on planet age multiplied by currently measured ion and neutral escape rates, the evolution of the Sun, including its activity, must be folded into these estimations. Poor knowledge of the history of solar activity, especially in terms of coronal mass ejections and solar wind properties, greatly compounds the uncertainties in related planetary atmosphere evolution calculations. Prospects for constraining their influences will depend on our ability to do a better job of solar activity history reconstruction.

scholarly journals Particle Acceleration in Solar Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections

2000 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
R. P. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Acceleration ◽  
Energy Release ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Total Rate ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle Events ◽  
High Energy Particles

The Sun accelerates ions up to tens of GeV and electrons up to 100s of MeV in solar flares and coronal mass ejections. The energy in the accelerated tens-of-keV electrons and possibly ~1 MeV ions constitutes a significant fraction of the total energy released in a flare, implying that the particle acceleration and flare energy release mechanisms are intimately related. The total rate of energy release in transients from flares down to microflares/nanoflares may be significant for heating the active solar corona.Shock waves driven by fast CMEs appear to accelerate the high-energy particles in large solar energetic particle events detected at 1 AU. Smaller SEP events are dominated by ~1 to tens-of-keV electrons, with low fluxes of up to a few MeV/nucleon ions, typically enriched in 3He. The acceleration in gamma-ray flares appears to resemble that in these small electron-3He SEP events.

scholarly journals Likely detection of pulsed high-energy γ-rays from millisecond pulsar PSR J0218+4232

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 355-358
Author(s):  
L. Kuiper ◽  
W. Hermsen ◽  
F. Verbunt ◽  
A. Lyne ◽  
I. Stairs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Timing Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Millisecond Pulsar ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Pulse Profile ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Absolute Phase ◽  
Bl Lac ◽  
Γ Rays

AbstractWe report on the likely detection of pulsed high-energyγ-rays from the binary millisecond pulsar PSR J0218+4232 in 100–1000 MeV data from CGRO EGRET. Imaging analysis demonstrates that the highly significantγ-ray source 2EG J0220+4228 (∼ 10σ) is for energies > 100 MeV positionally consistent with both PSR J0218+4232 and the BL Lac 3C66A. However, above 1 GeV 3C66A is the evident counterpart, whereas between 100 and 300 MeV PSR J0218+4232 is the most likely one. Timing analysis using one ephemeris valid for all EGRET observations yields in the 100-1000 MeV range a double-pulse profile at a ∼ 3.5σsignificance level. The phase separation is similar to the component separation of ∼ 0.47 observed at X-rays. A comparison of theγ-ray profile with the 610 MHz radio profile in absolute phase shows that the twoγ- ray pulses coincide with two of the three emission features in the complex radio profile.

scholarly journals Electrons and X-Ray Emission of Solar Flares

1990 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 409-413
Author(s):  
V. G. Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Solar Flare ◽  
Frequency Dependence ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Fast Electrons ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Flare Frequency

A statistical analysis of solar flare X-rays and interplanetary particle fluxes, measured onboard VENERA-13, 14 Spacecraft, was performed. The correlation of fluences for different manifestations of solar flares is strong, especially for fast electrons and hard and soft X-ray emissions. Frequency dependence on fluence value ϵi for practically all Kinds of solar flare emission can be described by power law ν (ϵ > ϵO) ∼ ϵ−0.45±0.15 which does not change significantly with solar activity. For different Hα flare importances the values of ϵi were obtained. It is proposed that appearance of certain energy flare frequency is strongly dependent on some scale factor.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document