Identifying the 993–994 CE Miyake Event in the Oldest Dated Living Tree in Europe

Radiocarbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1317-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Quarta ◽  
Alfredo Di Filippo ◽  
Lucio Calcagnile ◽  
Marisa D’Elia ◽  
Franco Biondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Living Tree ◽  
Cross Dating ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Tree Stem

ABSTRACTCombined dendrochronology and accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating analyses were used in order to date an old living tree named Italus, growing in the Pollino massif in Southern Italy. Wiggle match AMS 14C dating analysis was performed on a 320-yr-long floating chronology obtained by cross-dating four wood cores extracted from the exposed roots of the tree. Following this approach, an age for the tree of ≈1230 yr was estimated. This age makes Italus the oldest living tree in Europe. High-resolution 14C dating analyses performed on single rings extracted from the tree stem allowed us to identify the 993–994 CE large excursion in atmospheric 14C concentration (Miyake event) revealing for the first time its presence in the Mediterranean basin.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Age Anomalies in Pre- and Post-Bomb Land Snails from the Coastal Mediterranean Basin

Radiocarbon ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 817-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Quarta ◽  
L Romaniello ◽  
M D'Elia ◽  
G Mastronuzzi ◽  
L Calcagnile
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Carbon Stable Isotopes ◽  
Radiocarbon Age ◽  
Theba Pisana ◽  
Shell Carbonate

The shell carbonate of pre- and post-bomb samples of 2 species of terrestrial gastropods (Theba pisana and Cernuella virgata) sampled along the coast of Apulia, southern Italy, were dated using accelerator mass spectrometry and carbon stable isotopes were analyzed. The analyses show, for both species, significant anomalies in the radiocarbon age due to the possible presence of a 14C-depleted source of carbon in the formation of the shell aragonite. The magnitude of the age anomaly was quantified in the studied area to ∼1000 14C yr.

Piracy and Law in the Ottoman Mediterranean

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua M. White
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Legal Space ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eastern Half ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

This book offers a comprehensive examination of the shape and impact of piracy in the eastern half of the Mediterranean and the Ottoman Empire’s administrative, legal, and diplomatic response. In the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, piracy had a tremendous effect on the formation of international law, the conduct of diplomacy, the articulation of Ottoman imperial and Islamic law, and their application in Ottoman courts. Piracy and Law draws on research in archives and libraries in Istanbul, Venice, Crete, London, and Paris to bring the Ottoman state and Ottoman victims into the story for the first time. It explains why piracy exploded after the 1570s and why the Ottoman state was largely unable to marshal an effective military solution even as it responded dynamically in the spheres of law and diplomacy. By focusing on the Ottoman victims, jurists, and officials who had to contend most with the consequences of piracy, Piracy and Law reveals a broader range of piratical practitioners than the Muslim and Catholic corsairs who have typically been the focus of study and considers their consequences for the Ottoman state and those who traveled through Ottoman waters. This book argues that what made the eastern half of the Mediterranean basin the Ottoman Mediterranean, more than sovereignty or naval supremacy—which was ephemeral—was that it was a legal space. The challenge of piracy helped to define its contours.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Olives Cultivated in Southern Italy by Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocenzo Muzzalupo ◽  
Francesca Stefanizzi ◽  
Enzo Perri
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a species of great economic importance in the Mediterranean basin. Italy is very important for the olive industry; in fact, olive's genetic patrimony is very rich and characterized by an abundance of cultivars. At present, the majority of ancient landraces are vegetatively propagated by farm. It is likely that the number of cultivars is underestimated because of inadequate information on minor local cultivars that are widespread in different olive-growing areas. The existence of many cultivars reinforces the need for a reliable identification method. It is important to improve the ex situ plant germplasm collection and fairly to characterize all cultivars for future breeding programs. In the present report, we used 11 loci microsatellites to characterize 211 olive cultivars of an olive collection cultivated in six regions of southern Italy. These regions represent the major area for olive cultivation in Italy and have a strategic geographical location in the Mediterranean basin. The dendrogram obtained, using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering algorithm, depicts the pattern of relationships between the studied cultivars. There is a clear structuring of the variability relative to the geographic origin of olive cultivars. This work, for the very high number of the Italian olive cultivars analyzed, highlights the degree and distribution of genetic diversity of this species for better exploitation of olive resources and for the design of plant breeding programs. Besides, the use of molecular markers, like simple sequence repeats, is imperative to build a database for cultivar analysis, for traceability of processed food, and for appropriate management of olive germplasm collections.

scholarly journals First record of the Red Sea Mantis shrimp Erugosquilla massavensis (Kossmann, 1880) in the Greek Ionian Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charalampos Dimitriadis ◽  
Ivoni Fournari-Kostantinidou ◽  
Antonio Di Franco ◽  
Maria Corsini-Foka
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
First Record ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Mantis Shrimp ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

The presence of the Red Sea Mantis shrimp Erugosquilla massavensis (Kossmann, 1880) is here reported for the first time from the southeastern Ionian Sea (Zakynthos Island, Greece). This record is the first evidence of the presence of a Lessepsian migrant crustacean in the aforementioned area while it fills the gap in the ongoing westward and northward distribution range expansion of this wide spread invader of the Mediterranean basin.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach for Developing High-Resolution Sub-Fossil Peat Chronologies with 14C Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
T H Donders ◽  
F Wagner ◽  
K van der Borg ◽  
A F M de Jong ◽  
H Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Novel Approach

Sub-fossil sections from a Florida wetland were accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dated and the sedimentological conditions were determined. 14C data were calibrated using a combined wiggle-match and 14C bomb-pulse approach. Repeatable results were obtained providing accurate peat chronologies for the last 130 calendar yr. Assessment of the different errors involved led to age models with 3–5 yr precision. This allows direct calibration of paleoenvironmental proxies with meteorological data. The time frame in which 14C dating is commonly applied can possibly be extended to include the 20th century.

scholarly journals Sitarobrachys thoracica (Kraatz, 1862): new genus and species for the blister beetle fauna of Turkey (Coleoptera: Meloidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A. Bologna
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Southern Turkey ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Blister Beetle

<em>Sitarobrachys</em> <em>thoracica</em>, belonging to a monotypic Mediterranean-Macaronesian genus of Meloidae Nemognathinae, is recorded for the first time from southern Turkey. The genus results widely distributed around the Mediterranean Basin and in the eastern Canary Islands.

In search of photosensitising compounds in the annual forage legume Biserrula pelecinus L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Swinny ◽  
C. K. Revell ◽  
N. Campbell ◽  
E. Spadek ◽  
C. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
The Past ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Pasture Legume

Biserrula is an annual pasture legume endemic to the Mediterranean basin and has been recently domesticated for use in Mediterranean environments in southern Australia. Over the past 10 years the species has been associated with isolated cases of what appears to be a primary photosensitisation in sheep that graze green pastures in winter and spring. Whole-top samples of biserrula pasture were taken from a range of farmers’ paddocks over 2 years (including paddocks where photosensitisation had been observed) and methanolic extracts were screened by high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for known primary photosensitising compounds belonging to the classes furanocoumarins and dianthrones. None of these were detected. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids were also not detected and this supports the view that a secondary photosensitisation is not involved. Chlorophyll profiles were relatively unchanged between samples and this suggested that chlorophyll metabolites are unlikely to be responsible for a primary photosensitisation. A series of luteolin and apigenin mono- and diglycosides were identified in the extracts, but these are not regarded as photosensitising compounds. Further work is required to establish the photosensitising agent(s) in biserrula.

LOPIT-DC: A simpler approach to high-resolution spatial proteomics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Geladaki ◽  
Nina Kočevar Britovšek ◽  
Lisa M. Breckels ◽  
Tom S. Smith ◽  
Claire M. Mulvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Subcellular Localisation ◽  
Proteomics Data ◽  
Large Protein ◽  
Subcellular Resolution ◽  
First Time ◽  
Human Dataset

AbstractHyperplexed Localisation of Organelle Proteins by Isotope Tagging (hyperLOPIT) is a well-established method for studying protein subcellular localisation in complex biological samples. As a simpler alternative we developed a second workflow named Localisation of Organelle Proteins by Isotope Tagging after Differential ultraCentrifugation (LOPIT-DC) which is faster and less resource-intensive. We present the most comprehensive high-resolution mass spectrometry-based human dataset to date and deliver a flexible set of subcellular proteomics protocols for sample preparation and data analysis. For the first time, we methodically compare these two different mass spectrometry-based spatial proteomics methods within the same study and also apply QSep, the first tool that objectively and robustly quantifies subcellular resolution in spatial proteomics data. Using both approaches we highlight suborganellar resolution and isoform-specific subcellular niches as well as the locations of large protein complexes and proteins involved in signalling pathways which play important roles in cancer and metabolism. Finally, we showcase an extensive analysis of the multilocalising proteome identified via both methods.

scholarly journals Alkaloids from Papaver coreanum

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601
Author(s):  
Dong-Ung Lee ◽  
Jong Hee Park ◽  
Ludger Wessjohann ◽  
Jürgen Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
High Resolution Mass ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time ◽  
Resolution Mass

The alkaloid pattern of the endemic plant Papaver coreanum Nakai (Papaveraceae) was determined for the first time. Eight alkaloids could be identified by LC/ESIMS/MS and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Among them, protopine and allocryptopine represent the main components. Besides norsanguinarine, sanguinarine, dihydrosanguinarine, oxysanguinarine, lincangenine, and cryptopine, some other trace alkaloids were found whose structures remain unknown.

scholarly journals Decapod assemblage from the late Miocene (early-middle Messinian) of the Romagna Apennines nearby Brisighella, Emilia-Romagna (N Italy)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pasini ◽  
Alessandro Garassino ◽  
Marco Sami
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
Ne Italy ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Stratigraphic Range

An assemblage of axiidean and brachyuran decapods is reported from the late Miocene pre-evaporitic (early-middle Messinian) limestone of Cò di Sasso, nearby Brisighella (Ravenna, Emilia- Romagna), located in Romagna Apennines (NE Italy). Except Monodaeus bortolottii Delle Cave, 1988 (Xanthidae MacLeay, 1838), which is reported here for the first time in Miocene, all the other specimens have been assigned to species previously known in the Italian Miocene (Messinian s.l.), but never reported in this area. The report of Galathea cf. G. weinfurteri Bachmayer, 1950 (Galatheidae Samouelle, 1819) and Medorippe ampla Garassino, De Angeli, Gallo and Pasini, 2004 (Dorippidae MacLeay, 1838) enlarges the stratigraphic range of these Miocene species. This report enlarges our limited knowledge on the composition and distribution of the axiidean, anomuran, and brachyuran decapods during the early-middle Messinian before the evaporitic event in the Mediterranean Basin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document