Neurological soft signs significantly differentiate schizophrenia patients from healthy controls

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos N. Fountoulakis ◽  
Panagiotis Panagiotidis ◽  
Xenia Gonda ◽  
Vasilios Kimiskidis ◽  
Ioannis Nimatoudis
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Neurological Soft Signs ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Medication Status ◽  
Clinical Subtype ◽  
Normal Controls

ObjectiveNeurological soft signs (NSS) are a group of minor non-localisable neurological abnormalities found more often in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of the current study was to test for the effect of gender, age, parental age, age at onset and clinical symptomatology on NSS.Material and methodsThe study sample included 133 patients suffering from schizophrenia according to DSM-IV-TR (77 males and 56 females; aged 33.55±11.22 years old) and 122 normal controls (66 males and 56 females; aged 32.89±9.91 years old). The assessment included the Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES), and a number of scales assessing the clinical symptoms and adverse effects especially extrapyramidal. The statistical analysis included exploratory t-test, simple linear regression analysis, analysis of covariance and the calculation of correlation coefficients.ResultsThe results of the current study confirm that NSS are more frequent in patients with schizophrenia in comparison with normal controls (Wilks=0.622, p<0.0001), but do not support an effect of gender, age, age at onset, paternal or maternal age, education, medication status or clinical subtype of schizophrenia on NES scores.DiscussionOverall these results suggest that NSS constitute an independent (from the rest of symptoms), core (present in the vast majority of patients) and trait (unrelated to age and probably to the stage of schizophrenia) symptom of schizophrenia which could be of value in the clinical assessment and research of schizophrenia. Overall these results are not in full accord with the literature, but they could serve to fill in gaps and inconsistencies observed so far.

scholarly journals Association of Serum Fatty Acids at Admission with the Age of Onset of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2903
Author(s):  
Takahisa Mori ◽  
Kazuhiro Yoshioka ◽  
Yuhei Tanno ◽  
Shigen Kasakura
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves

Dietary triglycerides influence the serum concentrations of fatty acids (FA) and their weight percentages (wt%), which might be associated with the age of onset of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We investigated the correlation between serum FA levels and proportions at admission, and the age at onset of ICH. We included patients admitted between 2016 and 2019 within 24 h of the onset of ICH, and calculated the correlation coefficients between their age, serum FA concentration, and FA wt%. We performed multiple linear regression analysis to identify individual FAs related to the age at onset of ICH. Furthermore, we estimated the threshold values of FAs that were independently associated with the age at onset of ICH <65 years, using receiver operating characteristic curves by logistic regression. Our inclusion criteria were met by 141 patients (mean age, 67 years). The concentration of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) and the wt% of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were significant independent variables for the age at onset of ICH. The ROC curves for the age of onset <65 years were ≥108.6 µmol/L for DGLA and ≤1.7% for EPA. Increased DGLA concentration and decreased EPA wt% were significantly associated with young-onset ICH.

scholarly journals Neurological soft signs correlation with symptom severity in borderline personality disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aref A. Khoweiled ◽  
Yasmin Gaafar ◽  
Shirin M. El Makawi ◽  
Reham M. Kamel ◽  
Doaa R. Ayoub
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Subscale Score ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Neurological Soft Signs ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Injury Assessment ◽  
Normal Controls

Abstract Background Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe psychiatric disorder with multiple psychopathological domains; so studying the correlation of clinical or behavioral data with underlying structural and functional neurological findings in BPD is the focus of interest in recent years. The aim of our study was to compare the presence of neurological soft signs (NSS) in patients with borderline personality disorder with their presence in normal controls, and to correlate the severity of different symptoms of BPD with the presence of NSS through a case-control study which was conducted on 30 patients and 30 matching controls recruited from Al Kasr Al Ainy Hospital, Cairo University, Egypt. All subjects were assessed by the Borderline Personality Questionnaire, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale-11, the Brief Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Assessment tool, and the Cambridge Neurological Inventory. Results The BPD group had significantly higher total NSS scores, primitive reflexes subscale score, and sensory integration subscale scores. There was also a positive correlation between NSS and overall severity of borderline symptoms. Conclusions The increased rates of NSS were associated with specific clinical symptoms in BPD including suicidality, self-harm, emptiness, and quasi-psychosis. Impulsivity was found to have the highest correlation with NSS.

scholarly journals First Rank Symptoms and Neurological Soft Signs in Schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mahesh Hembram ◽  
Jayati Simlai ◽  
Suprakash Chaudhury ◽  
Parthasarathi Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Positive Symptom ◽  
Neurological Assessment ◽  
Neurological Soft Signs ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
First Rank Symptoms ◽  
Written Informed Consent ◽  
Normal Controls

The aim of the study was to compare the neurological soft signs (NSS) in schizophrenia patients with and without first rank symptoms (FRS), their first degree relatives (FDR), and normal controls. The study was conducted on 60 schizophrenia patients diagnosed according to ICD 10 DCR and categorized into groups with and without FRS using Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry, 30 FDRs of the study sample, and 30 normal controls matched for age, education, and handedness. All the subjects gave written informed consent. Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms were applied to have a comprehensive assessment of the symptoms. NSS were assessed using Extended Standard Neurological Assessment Instrument. The correlations between NSS and clinical symptoms were relatively modest but significant. There was a weak relation between NSS and positive symptom severity. The FDR of schizophrenia patients had significantly lower NSS scores than schizophrenia patients, but only FDR of schizophrenia patients without FRS had significantly higher scores than normal controls. Our results indicate that NSS are more prominent in schizophrenia patients with negative symptoms and support the theory of NSS being a trait marker of schizophrenia particularly in those without FRS.

scholarly journals Food Waste and Its Association with Diet Quality of Foods Purchased in South Florida

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2535
Author(s):  
Vanessa Mijares ◽  
Jair Alcivar ◽  
Cristina Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grocery Purchase

The objective of this study was to explore the associations between food waste and the diet quality of foods purchased and with grocery purchasing behaviors. This was a cross-sectional study among 109 primary household food providers conducting primary shopping. Participants were recruited outside of local grocery stores and were asked to complete a survey assessing amounts of avoidable food waste and grocery purchasing behaviors. The diet quality of the foods purchased was assessed from grocery receipts using the Grocery Purchase Quality Index-2016 (GPQI-2016). Variables were associated using linear regression, analysis of covariance, and point biserial correlations. We found that fresh fruits (63%) and leafy greens (70%) were the foods that were the most wasted. The GPQI-2016 total score was significantly inversely associated with the total amount of food wasted (β  =  −0.63; 95% CI: −1.14,−0.12) after adjusting for important confounders. The reason “food past the date printed on the package” was directly correlated with food wasted (r = 0.40; p < 0.01) but inversely correlated with GPQI-2016 score (r = −0.21; p = 0.04). Food wasted, but not the GPQI-2016 score, was significantly higher among those who grocery shop 2–4 times per week compared to 1 time every 1–2 weeks (p = 0.02). In conclusion, food waste is inversely associated with diet quality and directly associated with grocery purchasing frequency.

The outcome of seven patients with hereditary tyrosinemia type 1

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Songul Gokay ◽  
Pembe Soylu Ustkoyuncu ◽  
Fatih Kardas ◽  
Mustafa Kendirci
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Tyrosine Metabolism ◽  
Tyrosinemia Type 1 ◽  
Hereditary Tyrosinemia ◽  
Biochemical Imaging

AbstractBackground:Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) is a rare, inborn error of tyrosine metabolism. It is a fatal disorder without treatment. Early treatment may prevent acute liver failure, renal dysfunction, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and improves survival. The aim of the present study is to describe the clinical, biochemical, imaging and follow-up of seven patients with HT1 and to define the consequences of the late and interrupted treatment.Methods:A retrospective study was carried out with seven HT1 patients.Results:The median age at onset of clinical symptoms was 11.2 months (range, 3–28 months) and the median age at diagnosis was 22 months (range, 6–58 months). Liver enzymes and coagulation parameters were back to normal in all symptomatic patients in about 2 weeks. Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were normalized within the first year of therapy. Hypoechoic nodule formation was detected in two of the seven patients despite drug treatment without an increase of AFP and any dysplastic changes in the biopsies. One patient died due to metastatic HCC because of the late diagnosis and the poor compliance of the follow-up.Conclusions:This study showed once again that adherence to the treatment and a follow-up schedule of the patients are very important. Also it should not be forgotten that nodule formation can occur despite nitisinone treatment without an increase of AFP. Despite nitisinone treatment, HT1 patients still carry the risk of HCC. HCC must be detected before metastasis to other organs otherwise, patients may lose the chance for liver transplantation.

scholarly journals Obesity, The Single Most Important Risk Factor for OSA: A Case Report

Pulse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
SMAA Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Airway Narrowing ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Normal Controls

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive airflow reduction caused by collapse of the upper airway during sleep in addition to daytime sleepiness, clinical symptoms include fatigue, insomnia, and snoring. The condition is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cognitive impairment, and metabolic abnormalities.1 Among the risk factors for OSA, obesity is probably the most important. Several studies have consistently found an association between increased body weight and risk of OSA. Tomographic scanned images have shown that obesity causes increased fatty deposits in the pharyngeal area.2 The deposits encroach on the airway and contribute to airway narrowing. Also, among obese patients as compared to normal controls, fat deposits appear to alter the shape of the upper airway without necessarily reducing the cross-sectional area. M. A. Ciscar et al used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate differences between obese and normal controls.2 Ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging was used to study the upper airway and surrounding soft tissue in 17 patients with OSA during wakefulness and sleep, and in eight healthy subjects whilst awake. Coronal sections of awake OSA patients showed elliptical-shaped airways with long axes that were oriented anteroposterior; normal controls had airways that were oriented transversely. Studies using computed tomography have produced similar results.14Pulse Vol.10 January-December 2017 p.38-41

scholarly journals OCT-Angiography Findings in Patients with Amblyopia: Comparison between Healthy Controls, Treatment-Responsive, and Treatment-Unresponsive Amblyopic Patients

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1751
Author(s):  
Annabella Salerni ◽  
Gloria Gambini ◽  
Chiara Fedeli ◽  
Ludovica Paris ◽  
Emanuele Crincoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Ocular Motility ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Light Stimulation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vascular Plexus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Expert Physician

There is no consensus on whether amblyopia affects the retinal vascular plexus and morphology. Previous studies focused on the differences between amblyopic patients and normal controls without evaluating amblyopic eyes after patching. To evaluate differences in the superficial vascular density of amblyopic eyes, normal eyes, and amblyopic eyes reaching normal BCVA after patch therapy, OCTA was used. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination, including visual acuity, refraction, ocular motility tests, and anterior and posterior segment examination. OCTA was performed by an expert physician using the Zeiss Cirrus 5000-HD-OCT Angioplex (Carl Zeiss, Meditec, Inc., Dublin, OH, USA). OCTA scans were performed using a 3 × 3 mm2 and 6 × 6 mm2 fovea-centered image setting. The mean outer macular vessel density in the previously amblyopic group was 19.15 ± 0.51%. This was statistically significantly higher than in both the amblyopic group (18.70 ± 1.14%) and the normal controls (18.18 ± 1.40%) (p = 0.014). The previously amblyopic group also significantly differed from both normal controls and amblyopic eyes with regards to the inner (p = 0.011), outer (p = 0.006), and full (p = 0.003) macular perfusion. Finally, linear regression analysis revealed that BCVA was linearly correlated to outer perfusion in amblyopic (p = 0.003) and ex amblyopic eyes (p < 0.001). Considering the cross-sectional nature of our study, from our results, we can only hypothesize a possible correlation between light stimulation and retinal vasculature development. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to support this hypothesis.

scholarly journals EXAMINATION OF THE ATTITUDES OF THE STUDENTS OF THE SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS TOWARDS THE EDUTAINMENT APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Nalan Aksakal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Learning Effect ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Perceived Learning ◽  
Meaningful Relationship ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Students Attitudes

The aim of this study is to determine School of Physical Education and Sports students’ attitudes background about edutainment approach. A total of 338 students participated in the study; 118 female and 220 male. The study used Attitude Towards Edutainment Scale for data collection purposes. The data obtained were analyzed through descriptive statistics, Explanatory Factor Analysis, Correlation Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis by using SPSS 18 software. According to the findings the relationship among attitude factors regarding edutainment, correlations among factors range between ,51 and ,63. The lowest correlation value (0.51) was calculated for “perceived learning effect” and “drama” and “practice” factor while the highest correlation (0.63) for “expression and material and drama and practice” factors. Pearson correlation coefficients imply a medium level correlation among all factors. According to standardized beta (β) values in regression model, which shows the correlation among variables, “perceived learning effect” factor has the strongest effect on all recommendation and satisfaction-which are the dependent variables. In conclusion, the study found a meaningful relationship between edutainment approach and “recommendation” and edutainment approach and “satisfaction” It was also found that “satisfaction” has a strong effect on recommendation variable.

scholarly journals Dampak Hubungan Karyawan dan Kedisiplinan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-393
Author(s):  
Rizki Akbari ◽  
Kokom Komariah ◽  
Dicky Jhoansyah
Keyword(s):  
Employee Performance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Employee Relations ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Multiple Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of employee relations (variable X1) and Work Discipline (variable X2) on Employee Performance (variable Y). The method used in this research is to use descriptive and associative methods. Data collection techniques used by researchers in this study are through observation, questionnaire interviews, documentation and literature studies. The data analysis technique used is the validity test, reliability test, multiple linear regression analysis, including the test of the coefficient of determination and multiple correlation coefficients. The results of the test of the coefficient of determination seen from the value (Adjusted R2) of 0.531 can be interpreted that the impact of employee relations and working discipline on employee performance is equal to 53.1%. The remaining 46.9% is influenced by other factors outside this study. Conclusion, there is a moderate relationship between employee relations and work discipline with employee performance. Keywords: Employee Relations, Work Discipline, Employee Performance

Schizoaffective disorder and life events

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s845-s845
Author(s):  
B. walid ◽  
I. Marrag ◽  
F. Ellouze ◽  
A. Dekhil ◽  
M. Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Psychiatric Department

IntroductionThe schizoaffective disorder is multifactorial. Several factors almost unquestioned, even indisputable, participate in the episodes’ decompensation and affect various fields: biological, pharmacological or neurobiochemical.ObjectivesDraw up the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients treated for schizoaffective disorder and determine the role of life events in the onset of the disorder.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of 52 patients hospitalized in the psychiatric department of Mahdia diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder according to DSM-IV-TR during the period from January 2014 until June 2014. The information was collected using a preset sheet with 35 items.ResultsA total of 52 records was gathered. The average age was 38 years. The sample was predominantly male, of rural origin in 61.5% of cases. The level of education was low in 59.6% of cases. More than half were without profession and single in 46.2% of cases. The mean age at onset of the disorder was 25.2 years. The presence of life events preceding the onset of the disorder was noted in 22 patients, that to say, 42.3% of the sample. Family and emotional events were most frequently encountered with respective rates of 48.2 and 24.7%, followed by the professional events (20%) and social ones (6%).ConclusionLife events are due to chance but also to the environment. The complexity of the “event” concept was again underlined in a new perspective, breaking social rhythms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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