scholarly journals Oxytocin and vasopressin levels are decreased in the plasma of male schizophrenia patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Jobst ◽  
Sandra Dehning ◽  
Simone Ruf ◽  
Tobias Notz ◽  
Anna Buchheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Autism Symptoms ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Autistic Symptoms ◽  
Altered Metabolism ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Severe Life Events

ObjectiveImpaired social functioning and autistic symptoms are characteristics of schizophrenia. The social hormones oxytocin (OT) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) both modulate social interaction and therefore may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. We investigated whether men with schizophrenia show altered OT and AVP levels compared with healthy controls (HC) and whether autism symptoms are associated with OT levels.MethodsForty-one men with non-acute schizophrenia and 45 matched HC were enroled. Schizophrenia was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Blood samples were collected on 2 days, and plasma OT and AVP levels were measured by ELISA immunoassay.ResultsThe schizophrenia patients had significantly lower plasma OT levels than the HC; a similar trend was found for AVP. Plasma OT levels were associated with severe life events, fewer important attached persons, and a higher score on the PANSS negative scale; the most dominant PANSS items were ‘preoccupation’, ‘emotional withdrawal’, and ‘passive/apathetic social withdrawal’.ConclusionThese findings support an association between the social hormones OT and AVP and schizophrenia. We suggest that OT metabolism may be altered in schizophrenia, but other possible causes for decreased plasma OT levels in schizophrenia patients include decreased OT synthesis, mRNA expression, and translation. Especially the ‘autistic’ symptoms of schizophrenia seem to be closely linked to an altered metabolism of OT, the ‘attachment’ hormone.

scholarly journals Associations of living arrangements with symptoms and functioning in schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei San Ang ◽  
Gurpreet Rekhi ◽  
Jimmy Lee
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Symptomatic Remission ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Conducive Environment

Abstract Background Living arrangements and accommodation are closely related, but no study had concurrently investigated their associations with outcomes in schizophrenia. This study seeks to describe and compare socio-demographic, clinical and functioning profiles of people with schizophrenia in different living arrangements and accommodation, and to examine the associations of living arrangements and accommodation with symptomatic remission and functioning. Methods Community dwelling outpatients with schizophrenia (n = 276) were inquired on living arrangements, accommodation, socio-demographics and assessed on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Social and Occupational Functioning Scale (SOFAS). Socio-demographics, symptoms and functioning of outpatients in different living arrangements and accommodation were compared. Symptomatic remission was investigated using logistic regression with living arrangements, socio-demographics and clinical variables as independent variables. Functioning was investigated using multiple regression with the same set of independent variables and the addition of PANSS factors. The same analyses were conducted with accommodation as independent variable. Results 185 (67.03%) participants lived with family and 195 (70.65%) participants lived in owned accommodation. People living with their spouses had significantly higher SOFAS, lower PANSS Total and PANSS Positive than people living with family, independently, or in rehabilitation centres. They also had lower PANSS Negative than people living with family and a higher likelihood to have achieved symptomatic remission. Types of accommodation was not associated with symptoms, symptomatic remission, and functioning. Conclusion Living arrangements, but not types of accommodation, were associated with symptoms and functioning in schizophrenia. Family education and support is important to help maintain a conducive environment for people with schizophrenia. People living independently may need more support.

Life Events and Senile Dementia Affective Symptoms

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Orrell ◽  
Paul Bebbington
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Severe Life Events

BackgroundPrevious research in the elderly has linked threatening life events with depression. Dementia sufferers are known to be sensitive to stressful changes in their daily life such as relocation. This study investigates whether threatening life events are associated with depressive symptoms in dementia sufferers.MethodUsing the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule, this study examined life events before admission in a group of 70 dementia patients compared with two control groups: dementia sufferers in the community and mentally fit elderly people matched for age and sex.ResultsLife events with severe threat were not significantly more frequent in the dementia patients than in two control groups. However, depressive symptoms in the dementia sufferers were significantly associated with independent severe life events. This strong association was maintained when a multivariate analysis was used to control for the effects of other social factors and severity of cognitive impairment. This association appears to be specific to the threat aspect of life events since there was no association between depressive symptoms and events relating to change in the social environment.ConclusionIn dementia sufferers, threatening life events are associated with depressive symptoms. This means that dementia sufferers are responsive to stress in the same way as cognitively intact individuals, and clinicians need to be more aware of the social influences on them.

scholarly journals Penerapan Terapi Musik untuk Menurunkan Gejala Negatif pada Penderita Schizophrenia di Panti Sosial X

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Jonas Danny Margan Kamardi ◽  
Monty P. Satiadarma ◽  
Denrich Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Creative Therapies ◽  
Negative Syndrome

As one of the social problems, schizophrenia has been noticed by theIndonesian government through Social Department. The constant increasing number of schizophrenics in Jakarta induces limitation of anti-psychotic drugs use in social institutions related to issues of financial support. Although the positive symptoms of the Schizophrenics can only be handled with pharmacotherapy, schizophrenic’s well-being have the chance to be improved by reducing the negative symptoms. The use of creative therapies such as music therapy as a clinical intervention are potential to reduce negative symptoms in individual or group settings. Music therapy can be applied in a passive way, such as listening to music, and active way, which is singing and playing musical instruments. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate the negative symptoms of the participants. Systematic approach on learning to sing was implemented as the therapeutic approach on the participants. The sessions were conducted as many as 8 Sessions. The result indicates that music therapy by the way of singing can reduce the negative symptoms of the schizophrenic patients.Keywords: schizophrenia, negative symptoms, music therapy, positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS).

Recovery After Psychosis (RAP): A Compassion Focused Programme for Individuals Residing in High Security Settings

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Laithwaite ◽  
Martin O'Hanlon ◽  
Padraig Collins ◽  
Patrick Doyle ◽  
Lucy Abraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Intervention ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Mind Training

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a recovery group intervention based on compassionate mind training, for individuals with psychosis. In particular, the objective was to improve depression, to develop compassion towards self, and to promote help seeking. Method: A within-subjects design was used. Participants were assessed at the start of group, mid-group (5 weeks), the end of the programme and at 6 week follow-up. Three group programmes were run over the course of a year. Nineteen participants commenced the intervention and 18 completed the programme. Results: Significant improvements were found on the Social Comparison Scale; the Beck Depression Inventory; Other As Shamer Scale; the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory and the General Psychopathology Scale from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Conclusions: The results provide initial indications of the effectiveness of a group intervention based on the principles of compassionate focused therapy for this population. The findings of this study, alongside implications of further research are discussed.

Factor Structure of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Differs by Sex

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Walsh-Messinger ◽  
Daniel Antonius ◽  
Mark Opler ◽  
Nicole Aujero ◽  
Deborah M. Goetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Risk factors associated with treatment-resistant schizophrenia in first-episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol Ano 7 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz de Oliveira Assis ◽  
Jayse Gimenez Pereira Brandão ◽  
Pedro Otávio Piva Espósito ◽  
Osmar Tessari Junior ◽  
Bruno Berlucci Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Objetivo: Ainda não está claro quais são os fatores de risco para a esquizofrenia resistente ao tratamento (ERT) em primeiro episódio psicótico (PEP). O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar indicadores de risco para ERT em PEP. Métodos: Foram selecionados 53 pacientes em primeiro episódio psicótico, com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, que deram entrada à enfermaria de psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas Luzia de Pinho Melo entre 2011 e 2015. Ao ser admitido na enfermaria, o paciente era avaliado com a Escala de Sintomas para as Síndromes Positiva e Negativa (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale – PANSS) e recebia tratamento inicial por 4 semanas. Caso sua resposta fosse inferior a 40% de redução na PANSS, o antipsicótico era trocado, e as escalas eram aplicadas novamente após mais 4 semanas. Após a falha com dois antipsicóticos, em doses plenas, por 4 semanas cada, a clozapina era introduzida, e o paciente era considerado ERT. Uma regressão logística foi aplicada onde sexo, idade de início, tempo de doença não tratada, uso de substâncias, avaliação global do funcionamento inicial e PANSS inicial total foram inseridos como variáveis independentes, e ERT foi inserida como variável dependente. Resultados: Tempo de doença não tratada apresentou significância de p = 0,038 e Exp (B) = 4,29, enquanto que PANSS total apresentou p = 0,012 e Exp (B) = 1,06. Conclusão: Identificar os fatores associados à resistência precoce ao tratamento poderia permitir aos clínicos evitar o atraso na introdução da clozapina e prevenir um pior prognóstico para esses pacientes.

scholarly journals General psychopathology links burden of recent life events and psychotic symptoms in a network approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda T. Betz ◽  
◽  
Nora Penzel ◽  
Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic ◽  
Marlene Rosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual

AbstractRecent life events have been implicated in the onset and progression of psychosis. However, psychological processes that account for the association are yet to be fully understood. Using a network approach, we aimed to identify pathways linking recent life events and symptoms observed in psychosis. Based on previous literature, we hypothesized that general symptoms would mediate between recent life events and psychotic symptoms. We analyzed baseline data of patients at clinical high risk for psychosis and with recent-onset psychosis (n = 547) from the Personalised Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) study. In a network analysis, we modeled links between the burden of recent life events and all individual symptoms of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale before and after controlling for childhood trauma. To investigate the longitudinal associations between burden of recent life events and symptoms, we analyzed multiwave panel data from seven timepoints up to month 18. Corroborating our hypothesis, burden of recent life events was connected to positive and negative symptoms through general psychopathology, specifically depression, guilt feelings, anxiety and tension, even after controlling for childhood trauma. Longitudinal modeling indicated that on average, burden of recent life events preceded general psychopathology in the individual. In line with the theory of an affective pathway to psychosis, recent life events may lead to psychotic symptoms via heightened emotional distress. Life events may be one driving force of unspecific, general psychopathology described as characteristic of early phases of the psychosis spectrum, offering promising avenues for interventions.

Standardized training in the rating of the six-item Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-6)

2021 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 438-446
Author(s):  
Pernille Kølbæk ◽  
David Dines ◽  
Johanna Hansen ◽  
Mark Opler ◽  
Christoph U. Correll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document