Jaguar Firms: Tropic Dwellers, Camouflage Masters, and Solitary Predators

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Juan Velez-Ocampo ◽  
Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez ◽  
Kit I Sin
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Developed Markets ◽  
Regional Market ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Solitary Behavior

ABSTRACT Within the last two decades, the international expansion of Latin American companies has undergone remarkable growth. This phenomenon has attracted scholarly attention, however, most of the available research is focused on companies that have already engaged in foreign direct investment (FDI), meanwhile, Latin American firms in pre-FDI stages remain mostly understudied. This article uses an explanatory case study design to analyze the corporate reputation and decision-making process related to international expansion of a set of ten Latin American companies. Both archival and primary data were used in the individual and cross-case analyses stages for 22 months. Our study identifies and establishes analytical generalizations when examining and contrasting the findings with the previously revised theoretical frameworks. More specifically, we identified that these companies exhibit similarities with the behavior of Jaguars, the Latin American wild feline; especially because of (i) their preference to remain in their regional market to exploit current capabilities and advantages, and eventually enter developed markets to upgrade capabilities and surpass strong competitors at home; (ii) their strategies to disguise their country of origin and lack of experience when operating internationally; and (iii) their solitary behavior and reluctance to engage in partnerships and/or strategic alliances unless they have a specific interest in building legitimacy and enhancing reputation.

Achieving Service Process Excellence With Connected Customer

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Yerpude ◽  
Tarun Kumar Singhal ◽  
Hiren Rajeshkumar Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Service Process ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Crm System ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Individual

This article studies the service process and evaluates the need of a connected customer for achieving customer satisfaction and customer ecstasy, in-turn improving service process excellence for the organization. The method used was an exploratory analysis of research studying the CRM concept and usage data generated from IoT devices. Through a literature review process, various preliminary information constructs on IoT and CRM system with digital enablers are evaluated. References from research papers, journals, internet sites, statistical data sites and books were used to collate the relevant content on the subject. The study of all the relevant scenarios and impact assessment on all the relevant stakeholders was undertaken. Further primary data was gathered from the customer sample and was evaluated to substantiate the importance of connected customer for an organization and its linkage to customer satisfaction. It was found that customer demands are continuously evolving, and it is very relevant for all the organizations to align and keep pace with the change. Connected customers help organizations maintain a complete customer profile, needs, and ability to customize for the individual customer. With this, customers become active participants in the whole ecosystem. The usage of real time data becomes a reality with IoT data transmitted over the internet and analyzed by the CRM system. It gives a better understanding of the customer relationship aspect, helping organizations to operate within healthy financial margins. It also resolves the softer issues arising out of such strategic alliances such as trust and ensures that the organization remains competitive.

Internationalization of Mexican family firms: the cases of Xignux and Grupo Alfa

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Velez-Ocampo ◽  
Karthik Govindan ◽  
Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Organizational Capabilities ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
Mexican Family

Purpose This theory testing paper compares and analyzes the internationalization process of two Mexican family-owned firms: Xignux and Grupo Alfa. This paper is intended to offer a theoretical understanding using existing frameworks such as OLI (ownership, location and internationalization), LLL (linkage, leverage and learning) and the Uppsala model. Furthermore, it tests whether the theoretical framework of organizational capabilities and international ventures fits the internationalization of these companies. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on case study methodology using the companies’ publically available data. Both within-case and cross-case analysis were carried out to identify specific traits in the internationalization pattern of both firms; cases were also compared with literature to identify conflicts and similarities that enable a better understanding of the phenomenon. Findings It was found that not a single theory fully and satisfactorily explains the internationalization of both Xignux and Alfa, instead, issues like internationalization into low psychic distance countries, establishment of strategic alliances and the exploitation of locational-specific advantages contributed in the international expansion of the studied companies. Originality/value There is an increasing amount of available literature regarding internationalization strategies and internationalization theories applied to developing and emerging country firms. However, most of the studies analyze companies from Asia, and there are limited studies on multilatinas (i.e. Latin American multinationals). Furthermore, scholars in the field of international business are still debating whether the existing theories, or an adaptation of them, explain the internationalization of multilatinas.

scholarly journals Internacionalización en el sector aéreo de América Latina: estudio multicaso de Aeroméxico, Avianca y Latam (Internationalization in the Latin American air sector: multi- case study of Aeromexico, Avianca and Latam)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Satsumi Lopez ◽  
Mauricio Alejandro Montañez Cuevas ◽  
Jorge Antonio Zertuche Zertuche ◽  
Daniel Gregorio Paez Aguirre ◽  
Alejandro Martinez Cespedes
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Internationalization Strategies ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Sobre Todo

Abstract. The objective of this paper is to analyze the internationalization strategies of the Latin American airlines: Aeromexico (Mexico), Avianca (Colombia) and LATAM (Chile). For this, a qualitative multi-case study technique was applied. The research question that is intended to answer in this paper is: in what way are the main airlines in Latin America internationalized? The results suggest that the airlines studied use similar internationalization strategies, which are based on strategic alliances with other airlines in order to offer a better service to their passengers. They were also identified as the main characteristics of these airlines that are strong in their domestic market (especially Aeromexico) and then they start to expand their operations abroad. Likewise, Avianca and LATAM have the main market in Latin America, while Aeromexico has a greater presence in the United States.Key words: Aeromexico, airline industry, Avianca, internationalization, LATAM, service sectorJEL: F23, M16.Resumen. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las estrategias de internacionalización de las aerolíneas latinoamericanas Aeroméxico (México), Avianca (Colombia) y LATAM (Chile). Para esto se aplicó una técnica cualitativa de  estudio multi-caso. La pregunta de investigación que se pretende responder en este trabajo es ¿de qué manera se internacionalizan las principales aerolíneas en América Latina?. Los resultados sugieren que las aerolíneas estudiadas utilizan estrategias similares de internacionalización, las cuáles están basadas en alianzas estratégicas con otras aerolíneas para poder ofrecer un mejor servicio a sus pasajeros. Además fueron identificadas como principales características de estas aerolíneas que son fuertes en su mercado interno (sobre todo Aeroméxico) y de ahí parten para poder expandir sus operaciones hacía el exterior. Asimismo Avianca y LATAM tiene como principal mercado América Latina, en cambio Aeroméxico tiene una mayor presencia en Estados Unidos.Palabras clave: Aeroméxico, Avianca, internacionalización, LATAM, sector aéreo, sector servicios

scholarly journals Cultural Determinants and Perspectives of International Expansion of Enterprises from Economies in Transition

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Robin Gowers ◽  
Anna Pająk ◽  
Edgar Klusa
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economy ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Economies In Transition ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Cultural Determinants ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Developing Strategies

Within this article the authors attempt identify and analyze the key cultural success factors for companies when developing strategies to move out of their home market.  Such strategies can often involve significant cost and risk.  However, many companies fail due to overlooking the cultural aspects of entering new arenas.  The approach used in the article analyzes culture in the wider perspective, from the individual to the national dimensions, looking for the important roots in the historical and institutional backgrounds that need to be considered when developing strategies.  A focus on Polish companies is then developed.  Poland, representing a post-transition economy, is an interesting case study in the context of cultural and social factors in internationalization, especially in the light of important ongoing transitions on the global scene.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF STRATEGIC ALLIANCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES: CASE STUDY OF SME'S IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA)

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 42-63
Author(s):  
Nanik Kustiningsih ◽  
Sundjoto ◽  
M. Andri Radiany ◽  
Dika Prayogi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Strategic Partnerships ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

This researchh has a purpose to observe strategic of alliances’s effect which were consist of efficiency, on the growth of human resources, knowledge or learning, and market motives. In this study the researcher used a quantitative approach, the data used were primary data and the data collection technique carried out by the researcher was using a questionnaire instrument. The results of this study showed that knowledge as a reason for forging strategic partnerships has a positive effect on human resources (HR) development in the MSME sector. Meanwhile, as a motivator for forging strategic alliances, the market does not affect the development of human resources (HR) and efficiency.

scholarly journals Highlighting the Relevance of Motivation and Job Satisfaction of Nurses in Ghanaian Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Charles Owusu-Aduomi Botchwey
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Provision of quality and accessible health services comes with its challenges. Therefore, the need to highlight how motivation and job satisfaction can impact nurses’ performances at the Korle-Bu teaching hospital. Objectives: The research aimed to practically highlight nurses’ motivation and job satisfaction by identifying what constituted motivation packages of nurses and how the work they did could give them satisfaction at the Korle-Bu teaching hospital. Methods: The research employed a qualitative method with a case study design. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions (data triangulation) were used for primary data collection. A total of 40 respondents, including ten key informants, were selected using the purposive and convenience sampling techniques. Results: The research found that the recognition of needs of nurses, improved remunerations, enhanced conditions of service of the nurses’, regular payment of nurses’ salaries’, the institution of study leave with pay policy, among others, were considered as factors that could contribute to nurses’ motivation and job satisfaction. These findings are consistent with the findings of other studies. Again, the study found that professional allowances paid to nurses, reduced rent, and the like are current motivation packages directed at nurses at the Korle-Bu teaching hospital. Conclusion: It is important to state that for motivation to accomplish its intended purpose, there is the need for the hospital to identify the individual needs to satisfy to enhance job satisfaction.

scholarly journals Multinacionales de mercados emergentes y adquisiciones internacionales: el caso de las empresas chinas en el sector hotelero español

2019 ◽  
pp. 467-485
Author(s):  
Diego Quer ◽  
Xing Peng
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Market ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Emerging Market Multinationals ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Strategic Assets ◽  
Multiple Case

La expansión internacional de las multinacionales de mercados emergentes está adquiriendo una creciente importancia en los últimos años. El sector hotelero no es ajeno a esta tendencia. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar si los modelos teóricos tradicionales resultan aplicables al caso de las inversiones efectuadas por empresas turísticas chinas o si, por el contrario, se hace necesario utilizar nuevos planteamientos. A partir de un estudio de casos de tres empresas chinas que han invertido en el sector hotelero español, nuestros resultados indican que dichas empresas, más que explotar sus ventajas competitivas, persiguen obtener nuevas fuentes de ventaja. Asimismo, en lugar de seguir un proceso gradual, optan por modos de establecimiento que les permitan acceder de forma rápida a esos activos estratégicos. The international expansion of emerging-market multinationals is becoming increasingly important in recent years. This trend is also present in the hotel industry. The aim of this paper is to analyze whether traditional theoretical frameworks are applicable to cross-border investments by Chinese tourism companies or new approaches become necessary. From a multiple case study of three Chinese companies with investments in the Spanish hotel industry, our results indicate that these companies, rather than exploiting their competitive advantages, seek to obtain new sources of advantage. Moreover, instead of following a gradual process, they choose establishment modes that allow them to quickly access these strategic assets.

scholarly journals Supervision as a Kind of Qualitative Evaluation

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Riva ◽  
Nikoleta Ratsika
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
The Face ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

<p><em>The contribution presents a reflection on supervision as one of the possible forms of qualitative evaluation, in the field of work with adult educators. Supervision structures a context where theory and practice, emotions and cognitions, values, representations and fears, anxieties and conflicts can be made to dialogue in continuation. The supervisor continuously offers feedback and interpretations to the educators, thanks to attentive listening and decodes what they express. The constructivist approach to Evaluation, on the one hand, gives full value to the subjectivity of the actors involved in the evaluation process and aims to interpret and understand. So, we can call it hermeneutic evaluation (Perla, 2004). Hermeneutic evaluation sets the problem of finding the meaning of the points of view of the participants. This is where the meeting point with the supervision activity, which consists precisely of a practice guided by a leader who helps the educators to better understand their theoretical frameworks of reference and their basic educational models, lies. Supervision and Evaluation therefore represent two important tools for developing the professionalism of the operators, as shown by the case-study analyzed. The practice of supervision is part of a path of  lifelong learning and education (Oggionni, 2013; Zannini, 2005), which passes through experimentation, evaluation and redesigning, in the face of constant monitoring of the needs and learning of the individual and of the team.</em></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals THE ENDURANCE OF THE MODERNIST PLANNING PARADIGM: THE FUNCTIONAL CITY IN CONTEMPORARY PLANNING IN MEDELLĶN, COLOMBIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-252
Author(s):  
Edwar Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
American Cities

The Functional City principles steered the development of Latin American cities post WWII, but their influence in current urbanisation in LA has not been acknowledged or studied, due to the presumption by planners that contemporary planning operates within a very different planning paradigm to the earlier modernist one. In contrast, this paper argues that contemporary urban planning practices in Colombia are still dependent today on functionalist urbanism. Through a case study of three of the 28 approved Planes Parciales (sectorial plans) in Medellin, Colombia, based on primary data sources, I argue how the Functional City principles have been overshadowed by and formulated from a socio-economic perspective which creates discrepancies between local planners and academics regarding their application. This study contributes to a better understanding of current urbanisation patterns in Latin America. Furthermore, this study will invite reflection and public debate over questions such as: urbanization for whom/against whom and who decides?

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