scholarly journals The features of meroitic spread in south-central Sudan: remains along the White Nile region

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ammar Awad Mohamed Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perishable Items ◽  
Central Sudan ◽  
South Central ◽  
Full Length Paper ◽  
Political Borders ◽  
White Nile ◽  
First Time

Abstract New archaeological discoveries south of Khartoum in south-central Sudan are enhancing our ability to determine the spread of items originating from the Meroitic state 2000 years ago, beyond the political borders of the state. For the first time in a full-length paper, this research aims to increase our knowledge of archaeological sites dating to this period along the very poorly understood White Nile. The conditions of the sites are outlined, archival research was undertaken through an examination of the original excavation notes and records, and the importance of future research is highlighted. The results shed new light on the features of the communities living to the south of the state as well as how they interacted with the Meroitic state. The conclusions suggest that the lack of civil, political, and religious Meroitic constructions are indicative of a lack of political control over the White Nile where the archaeological evidence demonstrates that fisher-hunting activities predominated. However, there were commercial relations between these rural areas, and the Meroitic state was based on the White Nile's need for ivory, wood, animals, slaves, and perishable items such as leather, and on the presence of Meroitic products such as amulets, gold ornaments, iron arrowheads, and pottery.

Urbanization and The Dynamics of Change in the Sahel

2021 ◽  
pp. 708-728
Author(s):  
Florence Boyer ◽  
David Lessault
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
School Health ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The City ◽  
Contemporary Context

Since independence, Sahelian cities have been experiencing continuous and increasingly strong population growth, linked to migration and to an unfinished demographic transition. In contexts of rapid urbanization, facilities, infrastructure, and services (school, health, sanitation, etc.) are deficient, and a transfer of poverty from rural areas to cities takes place. Sahelian cities are also marked by the youthfulness of their populations, and an important area for research are the questions of what the city does to youth, and what youth does to the city. Knowledge of Sahelian cities remains fragmented. If the dynamics and challenges of capitals such as Dakar, Ouagadougou, or Bamako are fairly well known, those of N’Djamena, Niamey, or Nouakchott are less so. There are few studies of small and medium-sized cities, and these are in need of updating in the contemporary context of decentralization. This chapter surveys the state of knowledge of urbanization in the Sahel, and suggests directions for future research.

The Al Khiday Cemetery in Central Sudan and its “Classic/Late Meroitic” Period Graves

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Usai ◽  
Sandro Salvatori ◽  
Tina Jakob ◽  
Romain David
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Central Sudan ◽  
Archaeological Sample ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
White Nile ◽  
Political Economic

The first millennium BC in Sudan sees the birth of the Kushite (Napatan and then Meroitic) Kingdom. Royal cities, cemeteries and centres of religious power have attracted archaeologists and historians while peripheral areas have only rarely seen any systematic investigations. This lack of research provides difficulties in interpreting the limited evidence of the Napatan and Meroitic periods located on the White and Blue Niles and limits our comprehension of the role of this region within the political, economic and cultural framework of the kingdom. Recently, a multiphase cemetery was discovered at the site of Al Khiday 2, on the west bank of the White Nile, which was also used by a small group that is thought to be closely related to the Meroitic. The graves excavated have produced a bio-archaeological sample that is presented here with detailed descriptions of the funerary practices, including different types of grave structures, grave goods, burial position and orientation of the inhumations, as well as an overview of the anthropological analysis of this population. These findings are placed within the wider context of Meroitic studies by providing comparisons with contemporaneous sites, highlighting the possible elements of contiguity with that world, as well as providing some reflection on future research directions.

scholarly journals Registro de plantas hospedeiras de Gargaphia lunulata (Mayr) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) em área rural no estado do Tocantins

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
Cleidiane de Andrade Ferreira ◽  
Luci Boa Nova Coelho ◽  
Rodrigo Souza Santos
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Lace Bugs ◽  
Turnera Ulmifolia ◽  
Passiflora Edulis Sims ◽  
Senna Alata ◽  
First Time

Resumo. A partir de coletas realizadas em área rural no município de Paraíso do Tocantins, TO, foram obtidos exemplares do percevejo-de-renda Gargaphia lunulata (Mayr). Os insetos estavam ocasionando danos em cultivos comerciais de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (Fabales: Fabaceae), quiabo [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] (Malvales: Malvaceae), maracujá (Passiflora edulis Sims) (Malpighiales: Passifloraceae) e também em plantas daninhas conhecidas como flor-do-guarujá (Turnera ulmifolia L.) (Malpighiales: Turneraceae) e fedegoso [Senna alata (L.) Roxb.] (Fabales: Fabaceae). A ocorrência de G. lunulata em feijão, quiabo, flor-do-guarujá e fedegoso é registrada pela primeira vez no Estado, sendo os percevejos-de-renda encontrados com maior densidade populacional em flor-do-guarujá, maracujá e feijão.Record of host plants of Gargaphia lunulata (Mayr) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in rural area in the state of Tocantins, BrazilAbstract. From the samples made in rural areas in the municipality of Paraíso do Tocantins, Tocantins state, Brazil, specimens of the lace bug Gargaphia lunulata (Mayr) were obtained. The insects were causing damage to commercial of bean (Fabales: Fabaceae), okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] (Malvales: Malvaceae), passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) (Malpighiales: Passifloraceae) (Turnera ulmifolia L.) (Malpighiales:Turneraceae) and fedegoso [Senna alata (L.) Roxb.] (Fabales: Fabaceae). The occurrence of G. lunulata in cowpea, okra, “guarujá flower” and “fedegoso” is recorded for the first time in the state, with the lace bugs found with higher population density in “guarujá” flower, passion fruit and bean.

scholarly journals MELAKA IN MALAYSIAN GEOPOLITICS ON PRE GE-14, GE-14 AND POST GE-14

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 144-176
Author(s):  
Junaidi Awang Besar
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Political ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Ethnic Chinese ◽  
The People ◽  
First Time

Malacca is a state that has a mix of voters of 58 percent of voters are ethnic Malays. Malay voters in the state known for its rigid and fanatical supporters of UMNO makes the majority of Malays in the country contributed to a major victory for the BN/UMNO in the general election. The state is known for its legendary Hang Tuah with the slogan "Tak Melayu Hilang Di Dunia" has loyal voters who support UMNO is also a sacred Malay party since before independence. But since the 2008 general election, Chinese voters who originally also supported BN have turned to DAP and other opposition component parties. Urban areas and the majority of ethnic Chinese voters continue to be dominated by DAP and its allied opposition parties. The culmination of the 14th General Election (GE), 2018, finally the state fell to the opposition party pact, Pakatan Harapan (PH) with a slim majority with 15 DUNs won by PH compared to 13 DUNs controlled by BN. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to analyze the State of Melaka in Malaysian geopolitics in the pre-GE-14, GE-14, and post-GE-14. Based on the analysis of GE 2018 results data, field observations and analysis of secondary sources such as journal articles and conference papers, the findings show that PH's success in capturing the Melaka from BN is an amazing event and beyond the expectations of all parties. However, the political change was due to national issues and the determination to bring down BN by voters, especially the young or first-time voters. Although PH managed to capture the Melaka PH only won with a slim majority of only 2 DUNs. PH win in urban areas and the majority of ethnic Chinese and the BN/UMNO continues to excel in the rural areas and the majority ethnic Malays. Then when BERSATU left PH and formed the National Alliance (PN) together with BN/UMNO, PAS, GPS, and GBS which controlled the Federal Government in March 2020 then the Melaka State Government also fell from PH to PN led by BN as a result of the party jump by two BERSATU assemblymen, one PKR assemblyman and one DAP assemblyman made PN controls 17 DUN seats while PH only has 11 DUN seats left. Such is the science of politics, nothing is impossible and politics itself is dynamic, artistic, and sometimes difficult to anticipate. Therefore, all parties must accept the political decision of the people of Melaka and give the opportunity to the leadership of the State Government to carry out their responsibilities as rulers in this state to implement the manifesto or 'commitment' during the five years of their rule in this historic state.

scholarly journals New data from Jebel Moya and Shaqadud (central Sudan): implications for Late Mesolithic interconnectivity with the Sahara

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 21-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Brass ◽  
Ahmed H. A. Adam ◽  
Joss Wellings
Keyword(s):  
British Museum ◽  
Central Sudan ◽  
South Central ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Attribute Analysis ◽  
University College London ◽  
New Research ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
Late Mesolithic

AbstractBuilding upon Brass’ previous research on Jebel Moya, which included a comprehensive reanalysis of the pottery from Wellcome's 1911–14 expeditions curated at the British Museum, new research activities by the University College London–University of Khartoum–NCAM Expedition to the Southern Gezira project have included locating and examining for the first time the Late Mesolithic sherds from Jebel Moya curated at the National Museum in Khartoum. Representative samples from the sites of Shaqadud Midden and Shaqadud S21 at the British Museum have also been re-examined. The aims of these activities were threefold: to test the reliability and cohesiveness of and patterning in the Shaqadud collection through the expanded application of attribute analysis, to determine if Caneva's observations of décor patterns on Jebel Moya's Late Mesolithic sherds could be replicated and to obtain better visibility into the nature of its pottery assemblage from this time, and to use the resulting data to test the viability of the central Sudan being a fulcrum of cultural interchanges during the late sixth and early fifth millennium BC. We conclude that there was a piecemeal establishment of networks along which there was diffusion of ideas and animals, and perhaps low numbers of people, into the central and south-central Sudan.

scholarly journals Role of Pharmacists in Hormonal Contraceptive Access: A Survey of North Carolina Pharmacists

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Gwen J Seamon ◽  
Allison Burke ◽  
Casey R Tak ◽  
Amy Lenell ◽  
Macary Weck Marciniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Potential Barriers

The role of pharmacy in healthcare continues to evolve as pharmacists gain increased clinical responsibilities in the United States, such as the opportunity to prescribe hormonal contraception. Currently, North Carolina (NC) pharmacists do not have this ability. While previous research focused on the perceptions of community pharmacists surrounding this practice, no previous research surveyed all pharmacists in a state. This cross-sectional, web-based survey was distributed to all actively licensed pharmacists residing in the state of NC in November 2018. The primary objective was to determine the likelihood of NC community pharmacists to prescribe hormonal contraception. Secondary outcomes included: evaluation of all respondent support and perceptions of this practice as advocacy occurs on the state organization level and unified support is critical; opinions regarding over-the-counter (OTC) status of contraception; and potential barriers to prescribing. Overall, 83% of community pharmacists were likely to prescribe hormonal contraception. No differences in likelihood to prescribe were detected between geographic settings. Community pharmacists reported that the most common barriers to impact prescribing were added responsibility and liability (69.8%) and time constraints (67.2%). Fewer than 10% of respondents felt that hormonal contraception should be classified as OTC (7.9%). Noncommunity pharmacists were significantly more likely to agree that prescribing hormonal contraception allows pharmacists to practice at a higher level, that increased access to hormonal contraception is an important public health issue, and that rural areas would benefit from pharmacist-prescribed hormonal contraception. Overall, this study found a willingness to prescribe and support from the majority of both community and noncommunity pharmacists. Limitations of the study included a low response rate and potential nonresponse bias. Future research is needed to address solutions to potential barriers and uptake of this practice, if implemented.

scholarly journals Record of Neosilba zadolicha Mcalpine & Steyskal (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) in Mandacaru fruits

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Batista Coelho ◽  
Edineia da Silva Araújo ◽  
Luciana Barboza Silva ◽  
Pedro Strikis ◽  
Gleidyane Novais Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
First Record ◽  
The State ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
The South ◽  
South Central ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT: For the first time, the presence of Neosilba zadolicha McAlpine & Steyskal is being recorded in mandacaru fruits [Cereus jamacaru DC.], in the municipality of Alvorada do Gurgueia, in the south-central region of the State of Piauí, Brazil (8º22’35.63” S, 43º51’25,96” W). Eleven specimens were obtained from mandacaru fruits in an area of native forest between February and May of 2016. This is the first record of N. zadolicha in a Cactaceae species.

scholarly journals First Report of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in Cucurbits in Georgia, United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran R. Gadhave ◽  
Bhabesh Dutta ◽  
Timothy Coolong ◽  
Alton N. Sparks ◽  
Scott Adkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Host Range ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
First Report ◽  
First Time

This study for the first time provides evidence for the presence of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV) in Georgia. Thus, three whitefly-transmitted cucurbit-infecting viruses are now known in the state. Future research is required to evaluate the host range of CYSDV and its economic impact on cucurbit production in Georgia.

scholarly journals Fauna of Culicidae in rural areas of Porto Velho and the first record of Mansonia (Mansonia) flaveola (Coquillet, 1906), for the state of Rondônia, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Antonaci Gama ◽  
Ivoneide Maria da Silva ◽  
Hamilton Antônio de Oliveira Monteiro ◽  
Álvaro Eduardo Eiras
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
First Record ◽  
The State ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Bg Sentinel ◽  
First Time ◽  
Porto Velho ◽  
Over Time

INTRODUCTION: Knowledge concerning the fauna of Culicidae in the Brazilian Amazon States contributes to current understanding of the bionomics of the insects collected and makes it possible to observe changes in the fauna over time. METHODS: The Culicidae were captured with a BG-Sentinel® trap in extra-domiciliary area of two rural regions of Porto Velho in June and July of 2007 and 2008. RESULTS: A total of 10,695 Culicidae was collected, belonging to nine genera: Coquillettidia, Culex, Mansonia, Psorophora, Aedes, Aedeomyia, Anopheles, Uranotaenia and Wyeomyia. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of Mansonia (Mansonia) flaveola was recorded in the State of Rondônia for the first time.

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