The Impact of Exchange Rates on French Wine Exports

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 71-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marie Cardebat ◽  
Jean-Marc Figuet
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Exchange Rate Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality Sorting ◽  
Foreign Competitors

AbstractIn this article, we analyze the impact of varying exchange rates on French wine exports using a dynamic Armington panel model for the time period from 2000 to 2011. Our results suggest that French wines have become less competitive during the 2000s. This is due to two factors: rising domestic wine prices relative to foreign competitors and the appreciation of the euro against the USD and the GBP. Chinese demand appears to be a key driver of French wine exports. In addition, we find some compositional effects in Bordeaux wine exports. In response to the appreciation of the euro, the share of high-priced wines has increased, suggesting some degree of quality sorting in response to exchange-rate changes. (JEL Classification: F14, F31, Q17)

scholarly journals The Impact of Russia’s Oil-Dominated Energy Economic Changes on the Exchange Rate of Russian Ruble – Chinese Renminbi

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Maoguo Wu ◽  
Yue Yu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rate Changes ◽  
Pillar Industry ◽  
The Impact

Russia’s economic development has a close relation with China, due to geographical and historical reasons. This paper investigates whether the ruble – renminbi exchange rate changes accordingly when the pillar industry of Russia is drastically changing, and how the exchange rate changes and how it affects Russia’s economic development. In this paper, data of 7 variables spanning 122 months are selected based on related literature and availability of data. Regression analysis and empirical tests are carried out consequently. The results show that the energy price index represented by oil prices is negatively correlated with the exchange rate, and the explanatory power is as high as 41.1%. Following basic arbitrage methods and strategies, this paper verifies the feasibility of using arbitrage by comparing actual exchange rates with forecasted exchange rates. According to empirical results, problems witnessed in the process of ruble internationalization provides policy implications for China. China’s economy is utilized as an example to discuss the shortcomings of Russia’s economy. Related solutions are proposed.

scholarly journals Exports, Exchange Rates and Productivity: An Analysis of the Japanese Manufacturing Sectors

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Atsuyuki Kato
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Transportation Equipment ◽  
Exchange Rate Fluctuations ◽  
Exchange Rate Changes ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the effects of exchange rate changes and productivity on manufacturing exports. Using the dataset of the Japanese manufacturing firms during the period, 2002 – 2012, we discuss if exchange rate fluctuations deter export activities and if productivity and markup differences affect it. For this study, we estimate both firm specific productivity and markups by the production function based approaches and incorporate them into the Heckman sample selection model. Our results show exchange rates are important factors to affect firm-level exports as a whole while temporal aggregation should be carefully considered. In addition, this study also reveals that productivity and markup give different impacts on firm-level exports across industries. In the transportation equipment industry, negative effects of appreciation on exports are partly mitigated by higher productivity. Markups are positively related to exports in the electronics industry while negative in the transportation equipment. Neither productivity nor markup absorbs the impact of exchange rate changes in the machinery industry. Those findings imply that stability of exchange rates is very important while the effective trade policy may vary across industries following their trade structure.

scholarly journals Social Distancing, Temperature, BCG and the Evolution of COVID-19: A Panel-Model Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Lima Campos ◽  
Rubens Penha Cysne ◽  
Alexandre Madureira
Keyword(s):  
Daily Variation ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Variation Rate ◽  
Historical Coverage ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: This work presents results concerning the impact of some variables mentioned in the literature on the daily variation rate of cases (per million inhabitants) of COVID-19, based on a large sample of countries and an empirical model with appropriate control factors. We also propose indicators for measuring social distancing and BCG (Bacilo Calmette-Guérin) vaccine immunization.Methods: A statistical panel-model was applied to daily data for 165 countries from January 22 to July 31, 2020. Besides, two indicators are constructed for each country in the sample. The first of them measures social distancing, based on percentage of people circulating on transport stations, as a proportion of the circulation in a period before pandemic. The second indicator proposed estimates the current percentage of people immunized by BCG vaccine, based on the historical coverage and demographic factors. Results: We estimate that a strict social distancing may be associated with a reduction of around 6 percentage points in the daily variation rate of cases per million of COVID-19. Besides, the effects of temperature and BCG immunization proved to be statistically significant at the usual levels, indicating that lower temperatures and a low (or a lack of) BCG immunization may be related to increases in the daily variation rate of cases (per million inhabitants) of COVID-19.Conclusions: The analysis made clear the role of social distancing to control the pandemic. In addition, the method used did not allow to exclude the hypothesis that the evolution of COVID-19 may be positively associated with lower temperatures and a low (or a lack of) BCG immunization. JEL classification codes: C13; C33; I18

scholarly journals Does Fiscal Decentralisation Matter for Poverty and Income Inequality in Pakistan?

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4I-II) ◽  
pp. 781-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehrish Shahzad ◽  
Bushra Yasmin
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Fiscal Decentralisation ◽  
Generalised Method Of Moments ◽  
The Impact

This study endeavours to investigate the impact of fiscal decentralisation on the welfare concerns of poverty, and income inequality in Pakistan for the time period 1972 to 2013. In order to capture the multi-dimensional nature of fiscal decentralisation, three indicators are used namely; revenue decentralisation, expenditure decentralisation and composite decentralisation. Further, the role of institutional quality is also incorporated in apprehending the responsiveness of welfare issues towards the process of fiscal decentralisation. The estimation technique of Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) is employed for estimating the impact of fiscal decentralisation on poverty and income inequality. The empirical findings suggest that fiscal decentralisation has discretely resulted in increasing poverty and income inequality in Pakistan, but the presence of better institutional quality along with fiscal decentralisation can promise to mitigate the negative consequences of fiscal decentralisation for poverty and income inequality in Pakistan. Although, the indirect effect of fiscal decentralisation on welfare concerns, through institutional quality exhibits a fluctuating trend over time, but its average marginal effect is lower than the direct effect of fiscal decentralisation on welfare concerns. Hence, it can be perceived that the log-run welfare issues can be tackled effectively in the presence of institutional quality with a rational level of fiscal decentralisation. Also in order to reap the potential benefits of fiscal decentralisation for poverty and income inequality that has remained a catastrophe in case of Pakistan. JEL Classification: I3, 023 H53 Keywords: Fiscal Decentralisation, Welfare

The Economic Impact of the Wine Industry on Hotels and Restaurants: Evidence from Washington State

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Storchmann
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
County Level ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

AbstractWashington State enjoys an extraordinarily fast growing wine industry and is now the second largest wine producing state in the U.S. This paper examines the impact of this growth on the revenue of hotels and restaurants. Employing a dynamic quarterly panel model at the county level we show that the regional reputation as high quality wine county, as expressed by critical wine points in the national wine press, has a significant effect on the tourism industry. For Walla Walla, the most prominent wine county in the state, less than 17% of all restaurant and approximately 40% of all hotel revenue is tied to the wine cluster (2007). However, regional reputation is not long-living and needs constant replenishment. (JEL Classification: R11, R15, Q19)

scholarly journals New Direction to Evaluate the Economic Impact of Peace for Bilateral Trade among World Economies

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4I-II) ◽  
pp. 725-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saima Sarwar ◽  
Muhammad Wasif Siddiqi ◽  
Abdul Nasir Nasir ◽  
Zahoor Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Economic Institute

Earlier researchers have been working to relate globalisation, trade or free trade as an instrument for bringing peace and reducing conflict in the world. But this study attempts to open up a new debate that how social unrest in terms of lack of pace in nations leads to failure of economic policing and outcomes. In past, few researchers have tried to show peaceful environment as a generator for economic progress by building theoretical models, but limited empirical analysis has been conducted so far. This brings a novelty in the present study that for the first time a large set of data covering 155 nations has been used to explore the relationship between these two desired variables i.e. trade related variables and peace, in new direction and employing new indicators defining extent of peace in nations. Panel co-integration technique has been applied along with Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) models to know the parametric and non-parametric point estimates of variables. Data has been extracted from Economic Institute of Peace and World Bank for the time period 2008-2014. Results showed that lesser number of attacks are associated with more volume of trade among nations and better relations with neighbouring countries are linked positively with trade performance of nations. Nations involved more into hostility acts like conflicts are unable to maximise the benefits from bilateral trade. JEL Classification: F10, D74, L33, C23. Keywords: Globalisation, Trade, Conflict, Terrorism, Panel Model

Interlinkages Between USD–INR, EUR–INR, GBP–INR and JPY–INR Exchange Rate Markets and the Impact of RBI Intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S102-S136
Author(s):  
Pami Dua ◽  
Ritu Suri
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multivariate Garch ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Volatility Spillovers ◽  
Exchange Rate Markets ◽  
The Impact

This article examines interlinkages between four major exchange rates, namely, USD–INR, EUR–INR, GBP–INR and JPY–INR in terms of returns and volatility spillovers using a vector autoregressive-multivariate GARCH–BEKK framework. In addition, we analyse the impact of RBI intervention on the returns, volatility and covariance of these exchange rates. The study finds significant bidirectional causality-in-mean and causality-in-variance between all four exchange rates. The estimation results suggest that RBI intervention in the form of net purchase of dollars leads to depreciation of INR vis-à-vis USD, EUR, GBP and JPY. Furthermore, we find that RBI intervention not only significantly affects the volatility of INR vis-à-vis USD, EUR and GBP but also explains significant amount of covariance between USD–INR and the other three exchange rates. JEL Classification: C32, G15, E58, F31

Self-Esteem and Loneliness as Predicting Factors of Arab Children Achievement İn Kuala Lumpur

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma'a Abdel Fattah Alhoot ◽  
Ssekamanya Sıraje Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Arab Children ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Arab Schools ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Taking into consideration the fact that self-esteem and loneliness have an even more important role to play in students' learning, this study seeks to examine the correlation of these two factors with children academic performance. The study involved 499 (grade 4 to grade 9) Arab children studying at Arab schools in Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia. Data were collected via two questionnaires (one for loneliness and the other for self-esteem). The correlational data analysis yielded a negative correlation between loneliness and academic achievement while there is a positive correlation between self-esteem and achievement. Results also suggested that there is no correlation between students' gender, age, and academic achievement. Furthermore, the results revealed that self-esteem is a good predictor of achievement while loneliness and gender are not good predictors. The findings of the present study are discussed in relation to the relevant literature, taking into consideration the impact of children mental health on their academic achievement. Finally, recommendations for further research are presented.

Epigenetic Studies in Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Rafael Penadés ◽  
Bárbara Arias ◽  
Mar Fatjó-Vilas ◽  
Laura González-Vallespí ◽  
Clemente García-Rizo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact

Background: Epigenetic modifications appear to be dynamic and they might be affected by environmental factors. The possibility of influencing these processes through psychotherapy has been suggested. Objective: To analyse the impact of psychotherapy on epigenetics when applied to mental disorders. The main hypothesis is that psychological treatments will produce epigenetic modifications related to the improvement of treated symptoms. Methods: A computerised and systematic search was completed throughout the time period from 1990 to 2019 on the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases. Results: In total, 11 studies were selected. The studies were evaluated for the theoretical framework, genes involved, type of psychotherapy and clinical challenges and perspectives. All studies showed detectable changes at the epigenetic level, like DNA methylation changes, associated with symptom improvement after psychotherapy. Conclusion: Methylation profiles could be moderating treatment effects of psychotherapy. Beyond the detected epigenetic changes after psychotherapy, the epigenetic status before the implementation could act as an effective predictor of response.

scholarly journals Development of the Circular Bioeconomy: Drivers and Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Maximilian Kardung ◽  
Kutay Cingiz ◽  
Ortwin Costenoble ◽  
Roel Delahaye ◽  
Wim Heijman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Stakeholder Consultation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The EU’s 2018 Bioeconomy Strategy Update and the European Green Deal recently confirmed that the bioeconomy is high on the political agenda in Europe. Here, we propose a conceptual analysis framework for quantifying and analyzing the development of the EU bioeconomy. The bioeconomy has several related concepts (e.g., bio-based economy, green economy, and circular economy) and there are clear synergies between these concepts, especially between the bioeconomy and circular economy concepts. Analyzing the driving factors provides important information for monitoring activities. We first derive the scope of the bioeconomy framework in terms of bioeconomy sectors and products to be involved, the needed geographical coverage and resolution, and time period. Furthermore, we outline a set of indicators linked to the objectives of the EU’s bioeconomy strategy. In our framework, measuring developments will, in particular, focus on the bio-based sectors within the bioeconomy as biomass and food production is already monitored. The selected indicators commit to the EU Bioeconomy Strategy objectives and conform with findings from previous studies and stakeholder consultation. Additionally, several new indicators have been suggested and they are related to measuring the impact of changes in supply, demand drivers, resource availability, and policies on sustainability goals.

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