scholarly journals Stop Smoking Practitioners’ understanding of e-cigarettes’ use and efficacy with particular reference to vapers’ socioeconomic status

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Hiscock ◽  
Deborah Arnott ◽  
Martin Dockrell ◽  
Louise Ross ◽  
Andy McEwen
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Socioeconomic Differences ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Status Differences ◽  
Stop Smoking Service

Introduction: We have undertaken four online surveys of Stop Smoking Service (SSS) practitioners in England, between 2011 and 2016, in order to enhance our understanding of e-cigarettes: a fast moving new phenomenon. It is important to understand whether e-cigarettes can ameliorate or exacerbate health inequalities given that smoking is one of the most serious causes of excessive mortality and morbidity among disadvantaged groups globally.Aims: To update findings of previous surveys and examine socioeconomic status differences in e-cigarette use and efficacy.Methods: Analysis was undertaken of electronic surveys, particularly, the most recent 2016 survey (n = 514) and 2015/16 SSS client routine monitoring data.Results: SSS practitioners were becoming more positive about e-cigarettes: 42% agreed that e-cigarettes were a good thing compared with 15% in 2011. Reported use of e-cigarettes among SSS clients was low (about 3%) despite higher quit rates (63% of clients reported being quit at four week follow-up, compared with 51% overall). Where socioeconomic differences in e-cigarettes’ efficacy for quitting were identified, affluent and working smokers were advantaged.Conclusions: Low use of e-cigarettes by clients and practitioner opinions suggest that further education of SSS staff is needed if they are to adopt the current service recommendations about e-cigarettes.

scholarly journals 124: Electronic cigarette use and risk perception in a Stop Smoking Service in England

Lung Cancer ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. S45
Author(s):  
F. Sherratt ◽  
M. Marcus ◽  
J. Robinson ◽  
L. Newson ◽  
J. Field
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Stop Smoking Service

scholarly journals Associations of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Smoking and Parental E-Cigarette Use with 10–11-Year-Old Children’s Perceptions of Tobacco Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes: Cross Sectional Analysis of the CHETS Wales 3 Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Moore ◽  
Lianna Angel ◽  
Linsay Gray ◽  
Lauren Copeland ◽  
Jordan Van Godwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Young People ◽  
Parental Smoking ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Susceptibility To Smoking ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Background: This study examines primary schoolchildren’s perceptions of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes, and associations with parental smoking, vaping and socioeconomic status. Methods: Survey of 2218 10–11-year-old children in 73 schools in Wales. Results: Overall, 36% reported that a parent figure smoked compared to 21% for vaping, with parental smoking lower in affluent families (OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.68 to 0.76). Overall, 1% had tried a cigarette, while 5% had tried an e-cigarette. Most said they would not smoke or vape in 2 years’ time; susceptibility to vaping (20%) was higher than smoking (12%). Exposure to and perceptions of tobacco cigarettes were more positive for children of smokers. Having a parent who vaped was associated with exposure to and positive perceptions of e-cigarettes, but not smoking. Most children perceived e-cigarettes as used by adults to stop smoking (64%). Susceptibility to smoking (OR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.41 to 0.79) and vaping (OR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.62 to 0.99) were lower among children who perceived e-cigarettes as cessation aids. Conclusions: Parental smoking continues to be concentrated in poorer families. This study provides no evidence that parental vaping in the absence of smoking is associated with more positive perceptions of tobacco cigarettes. Communicating to children the role of e-cigarettes as cessation devices for smokers may help to limit their appeal to young people.

scholarly journals Electronic cigarette use and risk perception in a Stop Smoking Service in England

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances C. Sherratt ◽  
Michael W. Marcus ◽  
Jude Robinson ◽  
Lisa Newson ◽  
John K. Field
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Stop Smoking Service

scholarly journals ‘You Just Went In and You Got It All Sorted Straightaway’ – What is the Appeal of a Community-Based Mobile Stop Smoking Service?

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manpreet Bains ◽  
Andrea Venn ◽  
Rachael L. Murray ◽  
Ann McNeill ◽  
Laura L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Service Users ◽  
Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Framework Approach ◽  
Stop Smoking Services ◽  
Informal Settings ◽  
Stop Smoking Service ◽  
Over Time

Introduction: Not enough smokers access existing stop smoking services (SSS). Developing more accessible and effective SSS is important, particularly for smokers from socioeconomically disadvantaged groups where smoking is more prevalent.Aims: To consider smokers’ reasons for accessing a community-based mobile SSS (MSSS) for initial and follow-up consultations, and to explore their experiences of the service over time.Methods: The MSSS was delivered in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas of Nottingham (UK). Thirty-six smokers were interviewed, and 11 of these also completed follow-up interviews four to six weeks after their quit date. Interviews were analysed using the framework approach.Results: Many participants had considered quitting before they had knowledge of the MSSS. Features of the MSSS participants found appealing for both initial and follow-up consultations included the drop-in format, convenient times and locations that fit around their existing routines, and that the service was informal and held in a non-health setting. Participants found visiting standard SSS, particularly clinics held in health settings, stressful and formal resulting in them feeling uncomfortable discussing smoking in these settings.Conclusions: Developing instantly accessible and convenient SSS that can be delivered in familiar and informal settings within smokers’ communities may facilitate access and help to retain service users over time.

scholarly journals Do electronic cigarettes increase cigarette smoking in UK adolescents? Evidence from a 12-month prospective study

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Conner ◽  
Sarah Grogan ◽  
Ruth Simms-Ellis ◽  
Keira Flett ◽  
Bianca Sykes-Muskett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
School Meals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Range

BackgroundIn cross-sectional surveys, increasing numbers of adolescents report using both electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and cigarettes. This study assessed whether adolescent e-cigarette use was associated prospectively with initiation or escalation of cigarette use.MethodsData were from 2836 adolescents (aged 13–14 years at baseline) in 20 schools in England. At baseline, breath carbon monoxide levels, self-reported e-cigarette and cigarette use, sex, age, friends and family smoking, beliefs about cigarette use and percentage receiving free school meals (measure of socioeconomic status) were assessed. At 12-month follow-up, self-reported cigarette use was assessed and validated by breath carbon monoxide levels.ResultsAt baseline, 34.2% of adolescents reported ever using e-cigarettes (16.0% used only e-cigarettes). Baseline ever use of e-cigarettes was strongly associated with subsequent initiation (n=1726; OR 5.38, 95% CI 4.02 to 7.22; controlling for covariates, OR 4.06, 95% CI 2.94 to 5.60) and escalation (n=318; OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.21; controlling for covariates, this effect became non-significant, OR 1.39, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.82) of cigarette use.ConclusionsThis is the first study to report prospective relationships between ever use of e-cigarettes and initiation and escalation of cigarette use among UK adolescents. Ever use of e-cigarettes was robustly associated with initiation but more modestly related to escalation of cigarette use. Further research with longer follow-up in a broader age range of adolescents is required.

Hybrid Endovascular Repair of Thoracoabdominal Aorta: Early Results

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Osman Tansel Darcin ◽  
Mehmet Kalender ◽  
Ayse Gul Kunt ◽  
Okay Guven Karaca ◽  
Ata Niyazi Ecevit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Repair ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Thoracoabdominal Aorta ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Early Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Procedural Success

<p><b>Background:</b> Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA) present a significant clinical challenge, as they are complex and require invasive surgery. In an attempt to prevent considerably high mortality and morbidity in open repair, hybrid endovascular repair has been developed by many authors. In this study, we evaluated the early-term results obtained from this procedure.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> From November 2010 to February 2013, we performed thoracoabdominal hybrid aortic repair in 18 patients. The mean age was 68 years (12 men, 6 women). All of the patients had significant comorbidities. Follow-up computed tomography (CT) scans were performed at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and annually thereafter.</p><p><b>Results:</b> All patients were operated on in a staged procedure and stent graft deployment was achieved. Procedural success was achieved in all cases. All patients were discharged with complete recovery. No endoleaks weres detected in further CT examination.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Our results suggests that hybrid debranching and endovascular repair of extensive thoracoabdominal aneurysms represents a suitable therapeutic option to reduce the morbidity and mortality of TAAA repair, particularly in those typically considered at high risk for standard repair.</p>

scholarly journals High risk groups for severe COVID-19 in a whole of population cohort in Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bette Liu ◽  
Paula Spokes ◽  
Wenqiang He ◽  
John Kaldor
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
New South ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Complete Case ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Hazard Ratios

Abstract Background Increasing age is the strongest known risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease but information on other factors is more limited. Methods All cases of COVID-19 diagnosed from January–October 2020 in New South Wales Australia were followed for COVID-19-related hospitalisations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and deaths through record linkage. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for severe COVID-19 disease, measured by hospitalisation or death, or very severe COVID-19, measured by ICU admission or death according to age, sex, socioeconomic status and co-morbidities were estimated. Results Of 4054 confirmed cases, 468 (11.5%) were classified as having severe COVID-19 and 190 (4.7%) as having very severe disease. After adjusting for sex, socioeconomic status and comorbidities, increasing age led to the greatest risk of very severe disease. Compared to those 30–39 years, the aHR for ICU or death from COVID-19 was 4.45 in those 70–79 years; 8.43 in those 80–89 years; 16.19 in those 90+ years. After age, relative risks for very severe disease associated with other factors were more moderate: males vs females aHR 1.40 (95%CI 1.04–1.88); immunosuppressive conditions vs none aHR 2.20 (1.35–3.57); diabetes vs none aHR 1.88 (1.33–2.67); chronic lung disease vs none aHR 1.68 (1.18–2.38); obesity vs not obese aHR 1.52 (1.05–2.21). More comorbidities was associated with significantly greater risk; comparing those with 3+ comorbidities to those with none, aHR 5.34 (3.15–9.04). Conclusions In a setting with high COVID-19 case ascertainment and almost complete case follow-up, we found the risk of very severe disease varies by age, sex and presence of comorbidities. This variation should be considered in targeting prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Exploring the gateway hypothesis of e-cigarettes and tobacco: a prospective replication study among adolescents in the Netherlands and Flanders

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056528
Author(s):  
Thomas Martinelli ◽  
Math J J M Candel ◽  
Hein de Vries ◽  
Reinskje Talhout ◽  
Vera Knapen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Never Smokers

BackgroundStudies demonstrated that adolescent e-cigarette use is associated with subsequent tobacco smoking, commonly referred to as the gateway effect. However, most studies only investigated gateways from e-cigarettes to tobacco smoking. This study replicates a cornerstone study revealing a positive association between both adolescent e-cigarette use and subsequent tobacco use; and tobacco and subsequent e-cigarette use in the Netherlands and Flanders.DesignThe longitudinal design included baseline (n=2839) and 6-month (n=1276) and 12-month (n=1025) follow-up surveys among a school-based cohort (mean age: 13.62). Ten high schools were recruited as a convenience sample. The analyses involved (1) associations of baseline e-cigarette use and subsequent tobacco smoking among never smokers; (2) associations of e-cigarette use frequency at baseline and tobacco smoking frequency at follow-up; and (3) the association of baseline tobacco smoking and subsequent e-cigarette use among non-users of e-cigarettes.FindingsConsistent with prior findings, baseline e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds of tobacco smoking at 6-month (OR=1.89; 95% CI 1.05 to 3.37) and 12-month (OR=5.63; 95% CI 3.04 to 10.42) follow-ups. More frequent use of e-cigarettes at baseline was associated with more frequent smoking at follow-ups. Baseline tobacco smoking was associated with subsequent e-cigarette use (OR=3.10; 95% CI 1.58 to 6.06 at both follow-ups).ConclusionOur study replicated the positive relation between e-cigarette use and tobacco smoking in both directions for adolescents. This may mean that the gateway works in two directions, that e-cigarette and tobacco use share common risk factors, or that both mechanisms apply.

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