Linking Romantic Attachment and Self-Injury: The Roles of the Behavioural Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Caron ◽  
Marie-France Lafontaine ◽  
Jean-François Bureau
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Interconnected Systems ◽  
Sexual Systems ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Study Results

Attachment theory is considered an explanatory framework for understanding non-suicidal self-injury. Despite theoretical postulations, few studies have examined links between romantic attachment and its interconnected systems (the caregiving and sexual systems) and self-injury. This study investigated whether self-injurious thoughts and behaviours could be predicted by the functioning of the three systems. Two-hundred and sixty-three young adults participated in the study. Results revealed that participants endorsing self-injurious thoughts experience greater attachment anxiety and avoidance, controlling and compulsive romantic caregiving behaviours, and lower sexual satisfaction than participants with no thoughts. Conversely, findings indicate that the behavioural systems did not predict self-injurious behaviours. Such findings suggest that dimensions of the three interrelated behavioural systems hold unique roles in understanding young adult self-injurious thoughts, and that the constructs that predict self-injurious thoughts may differ from those that predict self-injurious behaviours.

Attached to Technology: Exploring Young Adults’ Attachments to Parents, Partners, and Phones

2021 ◽  
pp. 106648072110631
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Mosley ◽  
Tom Su ◽  
M. L. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Cell Phone Use ◽  
The Relationship

Cell phone use has become a mainstay in the lives of young adults, with 93% of Millennials owning a smartphone. With the increased accessibility of technology, individuals’ cell phone use may lead to personal distress in various facets of life. Specifically, problematic cell phone use may be the result of attempts to fulfill emotional needs or avoid connection with others. The present study used a systemic, attachment-based lens to investigate the roles of parental and romantic attachment in problematic cell phone use. A sample of 479 young adults (ages 18–26) completed an online survey gauging their cell phone use and attachment styles. Mediation analyzes were run to determine if adult attachment mediates the relationship from parental attachment to problematic cell phone use. The results found that attachment anxiety mediates the relationship between communication and alienation subscales for mother and alienation only for father to problematic cell phone use. Clinical implications are discussed with results informing assessment, prevention, and intervention efforts for individuals, families, and couples.

The Influence of Romantic Attachment and Intimate Partner Violence on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Young Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Levesque ◽  
Marie-France Lafontaine ◽  
Jean-François Bureau ◽  
Paula Cloutier ◽  
Cathy Dandurand
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Self Injury

scholarly journals Considering Attachment and Partner Perceptions in the Prediction of Physical and Emotional Sexual Satisfaction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Stine Øverup ◽  
Carrie V. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Attachment Avoidance ◽  
Sexual Interaction ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Working Models ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Partner Satisfaction ◽  
Partner Perceptions

Introduction. Attachment theory provides a framework for understanding sexual satisfaction; generally, research suggest that attachment anxiety and avoidance are associated with decreased sexual satisfaction. Given their different working models of self and other, perceptions of the partner’s level of satisfaction may differentially influence people’s own perceptions of satisfaction based on their attachment avoidance and anxiety. Aims. Across two studies, we sought to examine the predictive value of attachment anxiety and avoidance, as well as perceptions of partner satisfaction in predicting physical and emotional satisfaction after sexual interactions. Methods. Participants (Study 1 = 52, and Study 2 = 144) completed a one-time survey containing a measure of attachment, and then reported on their physical and emotional sexual satisfaction after each sexual interaction over the course of 2-3 weeks. Main Outcome Measures. The Experiences in Close Relationships Scale-Revised was completed during a one-time survey, ratings of personal physical and emotional sexual satisfaction (Study 1 and 2) as well as perceptions of partner’s physical and emotional satisfaction were completed after sexual interactions (Study 2). Results. Greater attachment avoidance was associated with lesser physical and emotional satisfaction. Moreover, when perceiving the partner to be emotionally satisfied, people with more attachment avoidance reported less emotional satisfaction for themselves. For greater attachment anxiety, greater perceived partner satisfaction (physical and emotional) predicted greater personal satisfaction of both types. Conclusion. The findings support attachment theory as a valuable lens through which to study sexual satisfaction. Moreover, the results suggest that it is important to consider perceptions of partner sexual satisfaction in understanding the sexual satisfaction people who demonstrate attachment anxiety and avoidance.

Non-Suicidal Self Injury, Psychopathology and Attachment: A Study with University Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cátia Braga ◽  
Sónia Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Regulation Model

AbstractConducted with a community sample, this study first tested the hypothesis that the constant association of Non-Suicidal Self Injury (NSSI) with various psychopathological states may be overrepresented because many of the studies reporting these associations used clinical samples. Secondly, the study aimed to test the emotional regulation model of NSSI by exploring the functions, the affective antecedents and consequences of NSSI episodes and to understand this emotion regulation role of NSSI in the light of Attachment Theory by differentiating self-injurers and non-self-injurers on relevant romantic attachment dimensions. A third purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that individuals currently performing NSSI could be differentiated on these dimensions from those who had ceased engaging in NSSI. Pursuing these purposes, 518 university students (171 males and 347 females), aged 17 to 62 years old completed the Self-Injury Questionnaire – Treatment Related (Claes & Vandereycken, 2007), the Brief Symptom Inventory (Derogatis, 1982) and the Adult Attachment Scale (Collins & Read, 1990). Individuals with NSSI scored significantly higher on all BSI subscales (all p < .001). Results also revealed the existence of significant differences between participants with and without NSSI on Anxiety (Z = –2.92, p < .01) and Comfort with Proximity (Z = –3.18, p < .01), and significant differences between past self-injurers and current self-injurers on Trust in Others (Z = –2.40, p < .05). These results are discussed by linking NSSI and Attachment Theory literatures.

Parental Divorce and Interparental Conflict: Spanish Young Adults’ Attachment and Relationship Expectations

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara Smith-Etxeberria ◽  
Amaia Eceiza ◽  
Chelsea Garneau-Rosner ◽  
Francesca Adler-Baeder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Parental Divorce ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Attachment Avoidance ◽  
Buffering Effect ◽  
Relationship Expectations

Abstract This study focused on the associations between parental divorce and interparental conflict with young adults’ current attachment-related anxiety and avoidance, and romantic relationship expectations. The moderating effect of attachment history was also investigated. Using a sample of 1,078 Spanish young adults (544 women, 518 men; average age 21.4 years), our results confirmed that parental divorce is not associated with young adult children’s higher attachment anxiety and avoidance nor poorer romantic relationship expectations. Moreover, interparental conflict is more strongly associated with attachment-related avoidance (p < .001) and romantic relationship expectations (p < .05) than parental divorce, yet depending on attachment history. In fact, in support of our hypothesis, a more secure attachment history with mother has a buffering effect on the association between high-unresolved interparental conflict and attachment avoidance (β = .17, p < .001). Findings add to the existing literature and promote a better understanding of the complex associations between parental divorce and conflict on adult children´s current attachment and relationship expectations.

Sexual Dimorphism among the Kathmandu University Students Assessed by Anthropometric Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 20469-20472
Author(s):  
Shakya R ◽  
Bhattacharya SC ◽  
Shrestha R
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
University Students ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Males And Females

Objectives: To observe the sexual dimorphism among the young adult age group ranging from 18-21 years, of Kathmandu University students by measuring craniofacial circumference and canthal distances. Rationale of the study: These data could be useful for establishing the craniofacial standards and adds an implementation on plastic surgery, crime detection as well as in the industrial field. Method: 300 clinically normal students of Kathmandu University aged between 18-21 years were examined for the study. Fronto-occipital circumference, outer and inner canthal distances were measured. All the parameters were compared between males and females. Result: The cranial circumference as well as the inner and outer canthal distance in males was found to be significantly higher as compared to the females. Conclusion: The results concluded that sexual dimorphism remarkably exists in young adults of Kathmandu University students.

JUVENTUDE, TRABALHO INFORMAL E SAÚDE MENTAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-144
Author(s):  
Marina Batista Chaves Azevedo de Souza ◽  
Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira Lussi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Work ◽  
Informal Workers

Estudos apontam que jovens podem exercer trabalhos informais por necessidade não por desejo pessoal, o que pode acarretar impactos negativos na saúde mental. O objetivo do artigo foi apontar abordagens, destacar problemáticas e realizar reflexões sobre juventude, trabalho informal e saúde mental, através do mapeamento de estudos científicos. Realizou-se uma revisão de escopo pelo modelo de Arksey e O’Malley para mapear/sintetizar os estudos. Foram encontrados 51 artigos com a expressão: "informal work" OR "informal workers" OR "informal sector" OR "informal job" OR informality AND "mental health" AND "young adult" OR "young adults" OR young OR youth e 2640 teses e dissertações. Após as exclusões das duplicações, ensaios teóricos, revisões, trabalhos indisponíveis e estudos em que os títulos e resumos não abordavam a temática central, analisou-se 6 artigos científicos e 3 dissertações na íntegra. Os estudos são de anos diversos, a maioria quantitativos e investigam associações entre trabalhos informais/precários/desemprego e sintomas psiquiátricos. Questões geracionais não foram consideradas indicadoras de peculiaridades sobre o assunto nos artigos, mas duas dissertações trouxeram essa discussão. Foram inexistentes artigos que priorizam percepções do trabalhador sobre sua condição de trabalho/saúde, todavia, uma das dissertações analisadas abordou as condições sociais e o trabalho precário como sugestivos a problemas de saúde. Indica-se como necessário realizar reflexões que articulem saúde mental a condições políticas/socioeconômicas, considerando o trabalho como determinante de saúde/doença e a juventude como detentora de idiossincrasias que influenciam nas reflexões sobre o tema.

“I wouldn’t call them Muslims!”: Constructing a Respectable Islam

Numen ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 243-264
Author(s):  
Jonas Otterbeck
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
The Media ◽  
Mainstream Society

This article addresses the understanding of Islam of nine young adult Muslims living in the Malmö and Copenhagen region.1 Throughout the interviews with the young adults, they mark their distance from what they perceive as unacceptable forms of Islamic ideas and practices, labeling these ideas as extremist and inconsistent. They develop discursive techniques of distancing themselves from the mediated Islam of radicals and the often negative rendering of Islam that they encounter in daily life and in the media. By negotiating with the dominant discourse on what a “respectable religion” should look like, the young adults construct a religiosity that shares much of theformprescribed by mainstream society, but is different incontent. The theoretical framework is drawn from the study of sociology of religion and, in particular, from Beverley Skeggs’ theories on respectability (1997).

Navigating being a young adult with cerebral palsy: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gitte Normann ◽  
Kirsten Arntz Boisen ◽  
Peter Uldall ◽  
Anne Brødsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
New Challenges

AbstractObjectivesYoung adults with cerebral palsy (CP) face potential challenges. The transition to young adulthood is characterized by significant changes in roles and responsibilities. Furthermore, young adults with chronic conditions face a transfer from pediatric care to adult healthcare. This study explores how living with CP affects young adults in general, and specifically which psychosocial, medical and healthcare needs are particularly important during this phase of life.MethodsA qualitative study with data from individual, semi-structured, in-depth interviews with six young adults with CP (ages 21–31 years) were transcribed verbatim and analyzed. The participants were selected to provide a maximum variation in age, gender, Gross Motor Function Classification System score and educational background. A descriptive thematic analysis was used to explore patterns and identify themes.ResultsThree themes were identified: “Being a Young Adult”, “Development in Physical Disability and New Challenges in Adulthood” and “Navigating the Healthcare System”. The three themes emerged from 15 sub-themes. Our findings emphasized that young adults with CP faced psychosocial challenges in social relationships, participation in education and work settings and striving towards independence. The transition to young adulthood led to a series of new challenges that the young adults were not prepared for. Medical challenges included managing CP-related physical and cognitive symptoms and navigating adult health care services, where new physicians with insufficient knowledge regarding CP were encountered.ConclusionThe young adults with CP were not prepared for the challenges and changes they faced during their transition into adulthood. They felt that they had been abandoned by the healthcare system and lacked a medical home. Better transitional care is urgently needed to prepare them for the challenges in young adulthood.

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