scholarly journals Differential associations between diet and prediabetes or diabetes in the KORA FF4 study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor A. Breuninger ◽  
Anna Riedl ◽  
Nina Wawro ◽  
Wolfgang Rathmann ◽  
Konstantin Strauch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global public health epidemic. Diet and lifestyle changes have been demonstrated as effective measures in managing T2DM and preventing or delaying the progression from prediabetes to diabetes, yet the relationship between diet, prediabetes and diabetes is still not entirely clear. The present study aimed to further elucidate the relationship between diet, diabetes and especially prediabetes. A total of 1542 participants of the cross-sectional, population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) FF4 study (2013/2014) were included in this analysis. Dietary intake was derived using a method combining information from a FFQ and repeated 24-h food lists. Glucose tolerance status was assessed via oral glucose tolerance tests in all participants without a previous physician-confirmed diagnosis of T2DM, and was classified according to the 2003 American Diabetes Association criteria. Crude and fully adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were fitted to examine associations between diet and prediabetes, undetected diabetes mellitus (UDM) and prevalent T2DM. After adjusting for major covariates, fruit was significantly inversely and total meat, processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages and moderate alcohol significantly associated with UDM and/or prevalent diabetes. Sex-specific analyses showed that in men, coffee was significantly inversely (OR 0·80; 95 % CI 0·67, 0·96) and heavy alcohol significantly (OR 1·84; 95 % CI 1·14, 2·95) associated with prediabetes. Our findings on diet and T2DM are consistent with current literature, while our results regarding coffee, heavy alcohol consumption and prediabetes highlight new possible targets for primary prevention of the derangement of glucose homeostasis.

scholarly journals TNFα Mediates the Interaction of Telomeres and Mitochondria Induced by Hyperglycemia: A Rural Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lu Lyu ◽  
Shuli He ◽  
Huabing Zhang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Jingbo Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Copy Number ◽  
The Relationship

This study is aimed at evaluating the relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) in a noninterventional rural community of China with different glucose tolerance statuses. In addition, we investigate whether the indicators of oxidative stress and inflammation were involved and identify mediators among them. A total of 450 subjects in rural China were included and divided into two groups according to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): the abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM, n=257, 57.1%) group and the normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n=193, 42.9%) group. Indicators of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR)) and inflammatory indices (tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) were all determined by ELISA. LTL and mtDNAcn were measured using a real-time PCR assay. Linear regressions were used to adjust for covariates that might affect the relationship between LTL and mtDNAcn. Mediation analyses were utilized to evaluate the mediators. In the AGM, LTL was correlated with mtDNAcn (r=0.214, p=0.001), but no correlation was found in the NGT. The association between LTL and mtDNAcn was weakened after adjusting for inflammatory factors in the AGM (p=0.087). LTL and mtDNAcn were both inversely related to HbA1c, IL-6, TNFα, and SOD activity. Mediation analysis demonstrated that TNFα was a significant mediator in the telomere-mitochondrial interactome in the AGM. This result suggests that inflammation and oxidative stress may play a vital role in telomere shortening as well as mitochondrial dysfunction. In the subjects with hyperglycemia, a significant positive correlation is observed between LTL and mtDNAcn, which is probably mediated by TNFα. TNFα may be considered a potential therapeutic target against aging-related disease in hyperglycemia.

scholarly journals Gambaran Kadar Gula Darah pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas yang Memiliki Berat Badan Berlebih dan Obesitas

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putri Auliya ◽  
Fadil Oenzil ◽  
Zelly Dia Dia Rofinda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Fasting Blood Sugar ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sugar Levels

AbstrakObesitas dan berat badan berlebih merupakan faktor predisposisi terhadap resistensi insulin yang dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kadar gula darah sehingga terjadi diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar gula darah pada dewasa muda yang diwakili oleh mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas yang memiliki berat badan berlebih dan obesitas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang. Sampel penelitian diambil dari total populasi yakni sebanyak 25 orang yang  diperiksa kadar gula darah puasa, TTGO, IMT dan aktivitas fisik. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan telah terjadi peningkatan kadar gula darah puasa yakni GDPT sebanyak 32% dan diabetes sebanyak 28%. Pada gula darah TTGO terjadi peningkatan sebanyak 16% yakni TGT. Peningkatan kadar gula darah ini sangat berhubungan dengan aktivitas fisik, yakni 16% responden dengan aktivitas fisik ringan didapatkan interpretasi diabetes pada gula darah puasa sedangkan aktivitas berat hanya 8% dan sedang 4%. Begitu pula dengan kadar gula TTGO yakni sebanyak 8% mengalami TGT pada responden dengan aktivitas fisik ringan. Kesimpulannya sebagian besar sampel yang memiliki berat badan berlebih dan obesitas mengalami peningkatan kadar gula darah pada interpretasi TGT, GDPT dan Diabetes.Kata kunci: kadar gula darah, obesitas, berat badan berlebih, TTGO, TGT, diabetes AbstractObesity and overweight is a predisposing factor insulin resistance which causes an increase in blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to reveal the blood sugar levels of medical students in andalas university whom are overweight and obese. This  was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. This study was conducted in Medicine Faculty of Andalas University Padang. Samples from this study is the total sampling population of 25 people. The variables were fasting blood sugar, glucose tolerance, BMI and Physical Activity. This study illustrate  the increasing in fasting blood sugar level as prediabetes  32% and diabetes  28%. In the oral glucose tolerance, TGT was identified to cause an of blood sugar increased by 16%. Increased blood sugar levels was highly associated with physical activity, which is 16% of respondents with mild physical activity displayed an interpretation of diabetes from the fasting blood sugar, in strenuous activities 8% and moderate activity 4%. Similarly, the glucose tolerance as much as 8% had IGT in respondents with mild physical activity. The conclution of this study is the subjects with overweight and obesity have elevated level of blood sugar in interpretation of IGT, IFG, and diabetes.Keywords: blood glucose levels, obesity, overweight, IGT, IFG, diabetes

scholarly journals Insulin sensitivity and resistin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus and after parturition

2008 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Megia ◽  
Joan Vendrell ◽  
Cristina Gutierrez ◽  
Modest Sabaté ◽  
Montse Broch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship

ContextResistin is expressed and secreted by the placenta during pregnancy. Increased serum resistin levels have been found in the second half of normal pregnancy, but its role in the pathogenesis of the insulin resistance of pregnancy is undetermined.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to assess the relationship between circulating resistin levels and insulin sensitivity in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Design and settingA case (n=23)–control (n=35) study was performed at the obstetrics and endocrinology clinic of a university hospital.PatientsIn total, 58 Caucasian women with a singleton pregnancy who had been referred for a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test were enrolled between the weeks 26 and 30, and 22 women with GDM were also evaluated after pregnancy.Main outcome measuresSerum resistin and insulin sensitivity in GDM during and after pregnancy. The relationship of resistin to metabolic abnormalities was evaluated.ResultsResistin levels were lower in GDM women than in pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (4.32±1.56 vs 9.30±1.32 ng/ml, P<0.001), and experienced a further decrease after parturition (4.24±1.56 vs 3.11±1.63 ng/ml, P=0.003). The association between low serum resistin levels and the diagnosis of GDM was independent of the degree of insulin sensitivity.ConclusionLower resistin levels were observed in GDM than in NGT women and decreased after parturition, suggesting a role for resistin in the development of this disease. But we have failed to find an independent relationship between resistin levels and insulin sensitivity during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between 1 Hour Glycemia, During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Cardiometabolic Risk

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Oana Albai ◽  
Romulus Timar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
The Relationship

The Relationship Between 1 Hour Glycemia, During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Cardiometabolic RiskBackground Diabetes mellitus is a very common disease, worldwide there are currently over 366 million diabetics. It seems that people with normal glucose tolerance and blood glucose at 1 hour during OGTT ≥200mg% represent an intermediate phenotype of abnormal glucose metabolism, another disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism that is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. Objectives Starting from these premises, we decided to analyze the subjects with glucose at 1 hour during OGTT ≥200mg%, but with normal values for fasting glucose and 2 hours glucose. In this subgroup of subjects some parameters of CMR were analyzed. We also performed a comparison of this subgroup of subjects with both normal glucose tolerance and 1-hour glucose <200mg%, and with those with abnormal glucose tolerance. Results According to currently used recommendations to diagnose diabetes mellitus, from the 778 people included in this study, 167 (21.5%) had disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism, being classified as patoglycemic and 611 persons (78.5%) had normal values of fasting glucose and 2 hours glucose during OGTT, being considered normoglycemic. From the 611 people who were classified as normal glucose tolerance, based on the currently used criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, a total of 44 persons (7.2%) had, however, the value of 1-hour glucose during OGTT ≥200mg%, which represents 5.6% of the entire group studied. Conclusions Patients with normal glucose tolerance and glucose ≥200mg% at 1 hour during OGTT represent a new subgroup of impaired glucose tolerance, which requires strict lifestyle advice and possibly pharmacological measures to prevent or delay progression to abnormal glucose tolerance.

scholarly journals Comparison of Venous and Capillary Sampling in Oral Glucose Testing for the Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Diagnostic Accuracy Cross-Sectional Study Using Accu-Chek Inform II

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1011
Author(s):  
Sofia Nevander ◽  
Eva Landberg ◽  
Marie Blomberg ◽  
Bertil Ekman ◽  
Caroline Lilliecreutz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Capillary Sampling

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication with negative impacts on mother and child. The primary aim of this study was to examine whether plasma glucose cutoffs for GDM diagnosis based on venous sampling can be replaced by cutoffs based on capillary sampling. A prospective cross-sectional study was performed at an antenatal care clinic including 175 pregnant women undergoing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Duplicate samples were collected by capillary and venous puncture while fasting and 1 h and 2 h after an OGTT. Both samples were analyzed on Accu-Chek Inform II. The cutoffs for a GDM diagnosis using capillary samples were corrected from 5.1 to 5.3 mmol/L for the fasting sample, from 10.0 to 11.1 mmol/L for the 1 h sample, and from 8.5 to 9.4 mmol/L for the 2-h sample using half of the dataset. Applying these cutoffs to the remaining dataset resulted in a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 85.0%, 95.0%, and 90.3%, respectively, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 83%, an negative predictive value (NPV) of 96%, and a positive negative likelihood ratio (LHR) of 16.4 using capillary sampling for the GDM diagnosis at fasting and 2-h after. Corrected cutoffs and capillary samples can be used for the diagnosis of GDM with maintained diagnostic accuracy using Accu-Chek Inform II.

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