scholarly journals PUBLIC ORDERING OF PRIVATE COERCION: URBAN REDEVELOPMENT AND DEMOCRATIZATION IN SOUTH KOREA

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonson N. Porteux ◽  
Sunil Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
State Power ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Private Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Security Cooperation ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Niche Market ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Actors

AbstractThis study explores collaboration between state actors and non-state specialists in the market for coercion. We focus on the case of forced evictions in South Korea, where violence carried out by private companies has occurred with the implicit, and at times explicit, sanctioning of the state. This level of government–private security cooperation has traditionally been explained by various hypotheses, including arguments about the weak capacity of a state to enforce compliance, trends in the neo-liberal marketization of state power, or as the outcome of a state being captured by the capitalist classes. Documenting the history of urban redevelopment projects and changes in government responses to major protest incidents in Korea, we instead argue that this niche market for private force is an observable implication of a shift in state–society relations in the wake of democratization. This phenomenon is, in effect, a very undemocratic response to democratization, by state elites.

scholarly journals Learning to Labour: “Native” Orphans in Colonial India, 1840s–1920s

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-42
Author(s):  
Soni
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
State Power ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Poor Children

AbstractTo this day, the history of indigenous orphans in colonial India remains surprisingly understudied. Unlike the orphans of Britain or European and Eurasian orphans in the colony, who have been widely documented, Indian orphans are largely absent in the existing historiography. This article argues that a study of “native” orphans in India helps us transcend the binary of state power and poor children that has hitherto structured the limited extant research on child “rescue” in colonial India. The essay further argues that by shifting the gaze away from the state, we can vividly see how non-state actors juxtaposed labour and education. I assert that the deployment of child labour by these actors, in their endeavour to educate and make orphans self-sufficient, did not always follow the profitable trajectory of the state-led formal labour regime (seen in the Indian indenture system or early nineteenth-century prison labour). It was often couched in terms of charity and philanthropy and exhibited a convergence of moral and economic concerns.

Illegal Construction in Hanoi and Hanoi's Wards

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Koh
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
The People ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Boundaries ◽  
Urban Administration ◽  
Ability And Willingness

AbstractIn the drama of negotiation of state boundaries, the role of local administrators as mediators is indispensable. They mediate between state demands for more discipline and societal demands for more liberties. Their ability and willingness to enforce determines the extent of state power. They are a particular type of elites chosen by the state to administer; yet often they have an irrational and morally corrupt relationship with their subjects. The questions that arise then are: When do the local administrators decide to or not to enforce the rules? What considerations do they hold in the face of contradicting demands for their loyalties? This paper seeks answers to the above questions by examining state enforcement of its construction rules in Hanoi after 1975, in which the ward, a level of local administrators in the urban administration landscape, plays an important role in holding up (or letting down) the fences. I will examine the irrationality of the housing regime that led to widespread offences against construction rules, and then show why and how local administrators may or may not enforce rules. This paper comprises two parts. The first part outlines the nature and history of the housing regime in Vietnam and the situation of state provision of housing to the people. These provide the context in which illegal construction arises. Part Two looks at illegal construction in Hanoi chronologically, and focuses on important episodes. The theme that runs through this paper is the role of local administrators in the reality of illegal construction.

The Archive as a “Collective Project”

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-533
Author(s):  
Nilay Özok-Gündoğan
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
State Government ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Governmental Body ◽  
National Memory ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site

The history of the archive is the history of the state. Or so say conventional approaches to the archives. Until recently, the archive has been seen solely as a site, or rather a repository, of modern state power and governmentality, and a crucial medium for the making and preservation of national memory in the late 19th century. There is a truth to this state-centric perspective: the archive was conceived as a place where governments keep their records; they usually contain a term such as “state,” “government,” or “national” in their names; and they are often funded by and connected to a governmental body.

The Crisis of the Dogma of Sovereignty in the History of Ideas

Sovereignty ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Hermann Heller
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comparative Concept ◽  
University Of Paris ◽  
The University ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

This chapter considers Bodin’s theory of sovereignty. Bodin’s concept of sovereignty was the result of a war fought by the French state under the leadership of the king and the University of Paris against the king’s subjection to the Catholic Church and the empire, as well as against the subordination of state power to the feudal barons. Even before Bodin, the “initially relative, comparative concept of royal sovereignty” had changed to “an absolute one.” The state, represented in the king, which had heretofore only been superior in its relationship to the Church, empire, and barons, now became “supreme.” Bodin was the first to claim sovereignty as a defining criterion of the state.

scholarly journals Managing Opposition in a Hybrid Regime: Just Russia and Parastatal Opposition

Slavic Review ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke March
Keyword(s):  
Party Systems ◽  
The State ◽  
Partido Revolucionario Institucional ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Leftist Party ◽  
Hybrid Regime ◽  
Opposition Parties

In this article Luke March explores the Russian authorities’ efforts to “manage democracy” through the creation of “parties of power.” It focuses on the quasi-leftist party Just Russia, one of four parties currentiy represented in the Russian Duma and the only one that represents a “parastatal” opposition (opposition owned and controlled by the state). The history of Just Russia tells us much about the dynamics of what Andrew Wilson has described as Russia's “virtual politics“: the regime must continually organize manageable quasi-opposition parties in order to bolster its democratic credentials and channel real social discontent, yet whenever it does so effectively, it quickly creates a potential political threat that must be neutralized. Just Russia has parallels in other authoritarian party systems, such as Mexico under the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) or Nigeria under Abacha and Babangida; the main difference in contemporary Russia lies in the remarkable skill with which Russian state actors conjure up and promote ersatz parties. Nevertheless, even in Russia, virtual politics may become real politics in the longer term.

scholarly journals INDONESIAN THEATER 1985-1995: A PERSPECTIVE OF DESCRIPTION PROCESSES SOCIAL CHANGE AND VALUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-136
Author(s):  
Mohamad Zaelani
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
New Order ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Sociology Of Art ◽  
History Of

AbstractThis research seeks to depict the history of Indonesian theater development from 1985 to 1995. This period is deliberately chosen because at that time it is seen that New Order power reached the top of its consolidation. Is there correlation between theater as a part of the reflection of society's expression and the repressive-authoritarian situation of the New Order government? With the approach of sociology of art, during that period, theater in Indonesia reflectedthe changes in society socially and in terms of values. One of these changes was the collapse of the conception of human wholeness (in terms of flesh and blood) in theater in Indonesia, because humans weremerely the object of the state power that tended to be authoritarian.Keywords: Indonesian theater 1985-1995, social changes and values, silent theater, theater ideas.

scholarly journals The Social Subjects of Librarianship Management: the Library Triad

2015 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Normal Condition ◽  
Social Group ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marketing Implementation ◽  
Library Marketing

The article considers the issues of librarianship management. There are three social subjects, determining its development in Russia: the state power, the social group of «librarians» and the social environment. There is shown the variability of this triad, using as an example the stages of history of the Russian libraries of XX century. Interaction between subjects of librarianship management is executed in the forms of: education, promotion and marketing. Implementation of forms depends on the type of library. There is studied the concept of library marketing and introduced specific details in its definition. The author concludes that in contemporary Russia there is only one social subject interested in the normal condition of library triad: there is the social group of «librarians».

scholarly journals MILITARIZATION OF THE STATE - POWER AND MILITARY IN MODERN TIMES: AN ESSAY IN HISTORIOGRAPHY AND METHODOLOGY OF THE PROBLEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
D.O. Gordienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
State Power ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Given

The article contains the results of research on the development of foreign and Russian history. The work is based on materials of monographs and scientific articles in Russian. The main task of its analysis is to reveal what intellectual processes influenced historians. The sphere of scientific interests of the given scientists includes the history of the state, the fiscal-military state and the processes of formation of modern armed forces in Western Europe and Russia in the XV-XIX centuries.

The Role of the State in the Regulation of Television Broadcasting in South Korea

1999 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Ki-Sung Kwak
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Major Change ◽  
The State ◽  
Regulatory Structure ◽  
Korean History ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Television Broadcasting ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
First Time

Television broadcasting in South Korea is experiencing a major change in its regulatory structure under the new government led by Kim Dae-Jung, who won the 1997 election as an opposition candidate for the first time in Korean history. Based on the review of the regulatory history of television broadcasting and its recent development in South Korea, this paper provides an overall background which explains the way in which the state has shaped and developed the regulatory structure of television broadcasting in Korea. It argues that the policies set in law and regulatory practice exercised by the state bureaucracy have not always been consistent or completely compatible. It concludes that this has been mainly because the government has been the sole player in establishing, framing and devising television broadcasting regulations.

scholarly journals WHAT A MEANING OF PATENT, AND EXAMPLE OF PRODUCT SAMSUNG MOBILE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvina Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
The State ◽  
Patent Holder ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Special Rights ◽  
A Company

AbstractPatents are special rights granted by the State to the inventor for the results of their achievements or discoveries in the field of technology, for a certain period of time implementing their own findings or describing their approval to others to implement them. This right is regulated in Article 1 Paragraph 1 of the Law concerning PATENT. All about Patents, Patents cannot be separated from something, that is Inventor. The definition of Inventor itself is a person or more who jointly implements ideas that are poured into activities that produce inventions (findings).Regarding Patents, this time will discuss the patent of a product, SAMSUNG. SAMSUNG is one of the largest electronics companies in the world. SAMSUNG was founded and patented by Lee Byung Chull on March 1, 1938 in Daegu, South Korea. In 1937, due to the outbreak of a war between China and Japan, Byung-chul, who at that time had a small rice mill and transportation business in Masan, the southeast coast of the Korean peninsula, was forced to move his business to Taegu, an area in the northeast. From there Samsung legend began. At that time, he really started the history of his business by facing obstacles and obstacles first.We can conclude that it really needs a very strong desire to achieve something big and proud. Because basically, a company engaged in the field of technology equipment is indeed a company that is not only unknown by the wider community, but thanks to the hard work of Lee Byung Chull as the current patent holder, SAMSUNG has held the highest rate as a provider of electronic goods or technology which should be taken into account in terms of business in the world.Keywords: Patents, technology, inventors, inventions, electronics and rates.

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