Pietro Giannone and the Nonjuring Contribution to the Separation of Church and State

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-736
Author(s):  
Paul Monod
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Church And State ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Background ◽  
History Of ◽  
Joseph Priestley ◽  
High Church ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhy did the English Nonjuror Richard Rawlinson promote the 1729–30 English translation of Pietro Giannone's Civil History of Naples? The Nonjurors in England espoused ecclesiastical independency from the state, which they derived from the thought of Restoration High Churchmen and from the French Gallican Louis Ellies Du Pin. Giannone, a Neapolitan lawyer, proposed a similar “two powers” model of strict autonomy for both church and state. Giannone's concept was later rejected by enlightened writers like Viscount Bolingbroke and Edward Gibbon, who associated it with high church prejudices. It was defended by the Dissenter Joseph Priestley, who combined it with his own theory of religious sociability. The impact of Giannone on the Nonjurors and on Priestley illuminates the complex religious background to what is often seen as a fundamentally secular doctrine: the separation of church and state.

The Hogarth Press

2021 ◽  
pp. 245-261
Author(s):  
Alice Staveley
Keyword(s):  
Short Fiction ◽  
The State ◽  
Woman Writer ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hogarth Press ◽  
Creative Production ◽  
State Of The Field ◽  
Feminist Materialism

‘Yet I’m the only woman in England free to write what I like. The others must be thinking of series’ & editors.’ Woolf’s 1925 homage to the impact of the Hogarth Press on her career is well known, signifying a new sense of herself as a woman writer in command of the means of creative production. Less well known is how pervasive were her private and public negotiations with the narratological implications of the feminist materialism she cultivated as a printer and publisher. This article reviews the state of the field, re-reads her early short fiction in the context of her typesetting experiments, which resonate with the conflicted history of women in the printing trades, and argues for a revisionist understanding of Woolf’s feminist modernism as isomorphic with the Hogarth Press.

Reconsidering a Classic: Assessing the History of Women's Higher Education a Dozen Years after Barbara Solomon

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Eisenmann
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Normal Schools ◽  
Educational History ◽  
Subsequent Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women's Higher Education ◽  
The Impact

In this article, Linda Eisenmann examines the role and impact of Barbara Solomon's now classic text in women's educational history, In the Company of Educated Women: A History of Women and Higher Education in America. Eisenmann analyzes how Solomon's book influenced, defined, and in some ways limited the field of women's educational history. She shows how current historical research — such as the study of normal schools and academies — grew out of Solomon's work. She points out where the book is innovative and indispensable and where it disappoints us as teachers and scholars in the 1990s. Eisenmann criticizes Solomon for placing too much emphasis on women's access to higher education, thereby ignoring the importance of wider historical and educational influences such as economics, women's occupational choices, and the treatment of women in society at large. Finally, Eisenmann examines the state of subsequent research in women's higher educational history. She urges researchers to investigate beyond the areas defined by Solomon's work and to assess the impact of these neglected subjects on women's experiences in education.

scholarly journals Beyond Diversity

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Joris van Eijnatten
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

The overwhelming popularity in academic writing of such concepts as transnationalism, anti-essentialism and postcolonialism illustrate the impact of the postmodern critique of once-stable entities ranging from the nation and the state to culture and civilization. We no longer believe in the steady orderings of humanity bequeathed by ‘heavy modernity’. But does this mean that concepts like the nation and civilization are obsolete? This article takes issue with the current hype of transnationalism, and suggests a correction to the current focus on interconnectedness, networks and flows by introducing the concept of ‘reference cultures’. It claims that in the history of the world, robust collective mentalities act as a counter-balance to cultures in motion.

ISRAELI STUDIES AT THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PAGES OF HISTORY (THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY)

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-232
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Karasova ◽  
◽  
Andrey V. Fedorchenko ◽  
Dmitry A. Maryasis ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Political Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a historical overview of Israeli studies at the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS in the first two decades of the 21st century. The paper demonstrates the main research fields and publications of the Department for the Study of Israel and Jewish Communities, as well as the list of its heads and research fellows. The article shows how, having successfully overcome the difficulties of the 1990s that were rather hard on Russian Academy as a whole, the staff of the Israeli Studies Department in their numerous publications, speeches at Russian and international academic forums tried to respond to the new challenges in a scholarly way. In the 2000s the number of works published on the history of relations between the USSR / Russia and Israel increased, and this trend continued in subsequent years. Access to the archives for the first time made it possible to analyze the formation and development of Soviet-Israeli relations before the break (in 1953). The department expanded the directions of its academic activity. Its topics included such directions as the study of the collective memory of Jews in modern Russia, cultural identity, cultural memory, religious and secular identity of Russian Jews, attitude towards disability and people with disabilities, study of youth communities in Israel, Russia and Europe, the impact of the US-Israeli relations on the US Jewish community. Development of basic methodology for researching the state of Jewish charity in Moscow was one of the new tasks for the fellows of the Department to solve. The novelty of the tasks also included new methodology of researching the economic and socio-political development of Israel using social networks data. The Department continued to study all aspects of the life of the State of Israel — economic, socio-political and cultural processes developing in the Israeli state, including new features in regional policy and the concept of Israeli security. At present, members of the department’s, in addition to their current activities, are implementing a number of promising projects aimed at strengthening the department’s position as the leading center of Israeli studies in the post-Soviet space.

Epilogue

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 137-138
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
The State ◽  
De Anima ◽  
Scientific Text ◽  
English Translations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
As If

In 1864 the biologist George Lewes wrote (p. viii) ‘Numerous and exhaustive as are the works devoted to Aristotle’s moral and metaphysical writings, there is not one which attempts to display, with any fullness, his scientific researches . . . Although Aristotle mainly represents the science of twenty centuries, his scientific writings are almost unknown in England. Casual citations, mostly at second hand, and vague eulogies, often betraying great misconception, are abundant; but rare indeed is the indication of any accurate appreciation extending beyond two works, the De Anima, and the History of Animals. The absence of translations is at once a cause and a sign of this neglect.’Things have improved, a bit, in the intervening 135 years. Cohen and Drabkin brought together a large and diverse selection of English translations of ancient scientific works in 1948. Every year for the last 25 years, on average, there has been a new edition or notification of the discovery of a new scientific text. Galen has been the focus of a recent scholarly project whose proportions reflect his corpus. Nevertheless, despite the 9,000 printed pages of that vast corpus already published, there are still unedited and untranslated treatises surviving in full in Arabic, and two-thirds of the corpus still awaits an English translation. The state of editions and translations of ancient scientific works as a whole remains scandalous by comparison with the torrent of modern works on anything unscientific – about 100 papers per year on Homer, for example. And an embarrassingly large number of classicists are as (if not more) ignorant of Greek scientific works as their predecessors were in 1864.

scholarly journals An Analysis Of SAS No. 99 And Its Impact On The Big Fraud In Kentucky

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Noland ◽  
Kenneth M. Washer
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Auditing Standards ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

<p class="MsoTitle" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 99 was implemented in 2002 and requires auditors to expand audit procedures to detect fraud.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>This paper analyzes the impact the procedures outlined in SAS No. 99 would have made if they had been in effect at the time of one of the largest frauds in the history of Kentucky.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Wallace Wilkinson, former governor of Kentucky, was the target of FBI investigations at least seven times.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Wilkinson entangled such well-known names as the late Dave Thomas, founder of Wendy&rsquo;s restaurants, in his fraud.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>At the time of his death in July 2002, Wilkinson&rsquo;s business empire was in bankruptcy after being kept afloat for years by one of the largest Ponzi schemes in the history of the state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span></span></span></p>

Ludzie bez ojczyzny? Kwestia „łączenia rodzin” na tle sytuacji ludności rodzimej w latach pięćdziesiątych XX w. na przykładzie Gdańska

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-105
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Concentration Camps ◽  
Former Prisoners ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Verification Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second World

The article presents the fate of the former citizens of the pre-war Free City of Gdańsk in the 1950s, which were two different stages of the history of the Polish People’s Republic separated by the events of 1956. After the end of the Second World War the indigenous inhabitants of Gdańsk were obliged to undergo a nationality verification process as a result of which people declaring themselves as being of Polish origin were granted all civil rights. Others, regarded as Germans, were expelled to Germany. Many of them were residents of Gdańsk with Polish roots. Under the impact of mass Polish settlement and promotion of the pioneering ideology by the state, the indigenous inhabitants of Gdańsk lost their status as hosts of their city. In the Stalinist period the indigenous population of the so-called Recovered Territories, was supposed to contribute to the building of People’s Poland. Loss of their property, low quality of life, discrimination at work as well as loss of the cultural heritage of the Free City and forced re-Polonisation prompted indigenous inhabitants to turn away from Polishness. With the de-totalitarianisation of the state in the mid-1950 the government opened the borders a bit, allowing people to go to Germany as part of the re-unification of families campaign. Initially, only Germans were allowed to emigrate, but with time, and especially after the events of the “October revolution” the migrants also included indigenous inhabitants. The situation in Gdańsk was specific in that among the numerous Polish families wanting to emigrate were victims of Nazism, including former prisoners of concentration camps. In total, in 1956–1959, during the “re-unification of families” campaign, over ten thousand people, 30% of the indigenous population of Gdańsk, left the city.

Ruling Relations: Rethinking State and Gender in South African History

1992 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linzi Manicom
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Social Life ◽  
African State ◽  
The State ◽  
Gender History ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although South African women's history has been growing in volume and sophistication over the past decade, the impact of gender analysis has yet to be felt in mainstream or radical historiography. One reason for this neglect is the way in which the categories of both ‘gender’ and ‘women’ have been conceived – with ‘women’ assumed to have a stable referent and ‘gender’ treated as synonymous with women. Those areas of social life where women are not immediately present have thus remained unreconstructed by the theoretical implications of gender. This is particularly the case with the history of ‘the state’.The article identifies and looks critically at the major paradigms of South African women's and gender history in terms of how the relationship between ‘the state’ and ‘women’ is implicitly or explicitly represented. It argues that the understanding of the category ‘women’ as socially and historically constructed (as evident in more recently published gender history) provides a way of moving beyond the more static or abstractly posed state-versus-women relationship. This requires too that ‘the South African state’ be understood not as unitary or coherent but as institutionally diverse with different objectives being taken up and produced as policy and practice. The project then becomes one of understanding South African state formation as a gendered and gendering process, of exploring the different institutional sites and ruling discourses in which gender identities and categories are constructed.

Mexico’s Living Dead

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa-Linda Fregoso
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
The State ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
Social Violence ◽  
Living Dead ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Organized Crime Groups ◽  
The Impact

In September 2014, I was as a judge for the Hearing on Feminicide and Gender Violences organized by the Permanent People’s Tribunal in Chihuahua, Mexico. Although the levels of social violence and insecurity have touched the lives of everyone, the impact has been most devastating for women. For three days we heard testimonies from victims of feminicide, disappearances and trafficking, structural violence, forced exile, domestic violence, sexual violence, and persecution as human-rights defenders. We heard repeated references to the police’s and military’s long history of violating human rights with impunity, to the complicity of the state authorities with organized crime, to cartel infiltration at all levels of government, to a <i>narco-maquina</i> (narco-machine) currently ruling Mexico. It became exceedingly difficult to determine whether it was agents of the state or organized crime groups that were perpetrating these crimes against humanity.  

SUBORDINATION, SEPARATION, AND AUTONOMY: CHINESE PROTESTANT APPROACHES TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGION AND STATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
Pan-Chiu Lai
Keyword(s):  
Church And State ◽  
The State ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Contemporary Chinese

ABSTRACTIn the history of the religion-state relationship in China, a model of subordination of religion to the state has been dominant for centuries. In recent years, some Chinese Protestant churches have advocated the model of separation of church and state. Through a historical and theological analysis, this study argues that in order to relieve the tensions between Chinese Protestantism and the contemporary Chinese government, a better conceptual alternative is to reconsider the issue in terms of autonomy rather than separation or subordination, and to argue for legally allowing the coexistence of both official and nonofficial churches and grant different degrees of autonomy to each.

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