scholarly journals Decision Support Tool for Screening of Tuberculosis Exposed Individuals Seeking Care at a Public Academic Health System

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s184-s184
Author(s):  
Stephanie Cobb ◽  
Stephanie Nguyen ◽  
Deepa Raj ◽  
Dena Taherzadeh ◽  
Pranavi Sreeramoju
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Health System ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Homeless Shelter ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Local Public Health

Background:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. At our health system, 50–100 patients are diagnosed with tuberculosis every year. One risk factor for TB is residence within a homeless shelter. In response to an increased number of cases in local homeless shelters, the health department sought assistance with contact tracing of individuals potentially exposed to tuberculosis. We report the results of contact tracing performed at our health system. Methods: The setting is a 770-bed, safety-net, academic hospital with community clinics and a correctional health center. Name, date of birth, and social security number of contacts potentially exposed during February 2009 to July 2013 were programmed into the electronic medical records to create a decision support tool upon entering the health system. The best practice alert (BPA) informed physicians of the exposure and offered a link to a screening test, T-spot.TB, and a link to an information sheet. This intervention was implemented from July 2013 to July 2015. After excluding patients with active TB, data on the magnitude of exposure in each homeless shelter and screening test results were analyzed with ANOVA using SPSS v 26 software. Results: Of the 8,649 identified exposed contacts, 2,118 entered our health system. Of those for whom the BPA was triggered, 1,117 had a T-spot.TB done, with 313 positive results and 57 borderline results. Table 1 shows that shelter 3 was correlated with a positive T-spot.TB. Conclusions: The BPA, which prompted physicians to evaluate an individual for TB, was effective at capturing high-risk, exposed individuals. Clinical decision support tools enabled our safety-net health system to respond effectively to a local public health need.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics via a health system-wide research biobank: the University of Colorado experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina L Aquilante ◽  
David P Kao ◽  
Katy E Trinkley ◽  
Chen-Tan Lin ◽  
Kristy R Crooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Health System ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
University Of Colorado ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, the genomics community has witnessed the growth of large research biobanks, which collect DNA samples for research purposes. Depending on how and where the samples are genotyped, biobanks also offer the potential opportunity to return actionable genomic results to the clinical setting. We developed a preemptive clinical pharmacogenomic implementation initiative via a health system-wide research biobank at the University of Colorado. Here, we describe how preemptive return of clinical pharmacogenomic results via a research biobank is feasible, particularly when coupled with strong institutional support to maximize the impact and efficiency of biobank resources, a multidisciplinary implementation team, automated clinical decision support tools, and proactive strategies to engage stakeholders early in the clinical decision support tool development process.

scholarly journals 2344. Evaluation of a Best Practice Alert (BPA) to Reduce Inappropriate Testing for Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI) Within a Multi-Hospital System

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S805-S806
Author(s):  
Ryan K Dare ◽  
Claire E Bewley ◽  
Amanda J Novack ◽  
Jared M Heiles ◽  
Larissa K Chin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Best Practice Alert ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Background Hospital-acquired CDI contribute to significant morbidity, mortality, and cost burden in hospitalized patients. Clinical practice guidelines recommend strict testing criteria when employing nucleic acid amplification testing alone as to not test asymptomatic carriers. A BPA within the electronic medical record (EMR) may assist with this screening. Methods At our 9-hospital system, we created a BPA to help identify patients who may not meet criteria for CDI testing. Initial BPA (January 2018) asked if patient had 3 or more stools (yes/no) and if laxatives were administered in the last 48 hours (yes/no). An expanded BPA was updated to pull medication administration records for use of laxatives in the prior 48 hours (August 2018) and notified providers of recent C. difficile testing in the past 7 days (January 2019). C. difficile orders from March 2017 (historical), March 2018 (intervention 1), and March 2019 (intervention 2) were evaluated to assess impact of these interventions. Results C. difficile testing during 30,621 (historical), 31,299 (intervention 1), and 31,960 (intervention 2) patient-days were evaluated. Rates of C. difficile orders and infections are reported in the table. Ratio of positive C. difficile specimens to tested specimens were similar between the historical arm (51 of 402; 12.7%) and both intervention 1 (42 of 271; 15.5%) and intervention 2 (45 of 316; 14.2%) arms (P = 0.3 and P = 0.5, respectively). Intervention 1 and intervention 2 arms were similar in all metrics. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata, v.14.2. Conclusion Implementation of a decision support tool to assist with C. difficile testing significantly decreased order rates in both the initial and expanded BPA intervention arms. Compared with historical rates, incidence of CDI decreased in both intervention arms though these were not statistically significant. Similarly, ratio of positive specimens to specimens tested increased in both intervention arms, though not significant, indicating a trend toward improved patient selection. To improve appropriate CDI testing, further oversight and/or education is needed to accompany implementation of an EMR decision support tool, such as BPAs. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals CardioClassifier – demonstrating the power of disease- and gene-specific computational decision support for clinical genome interpretation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Whiffin ◽  
Roddy Walsh ◽  
Risha Govind ◽  
Matthew Edwards ◽  
Mian Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
User Input ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Interactive Interface ◽  
Genome Interpretation

ABSTRACTPurposeInternationally-adopted variant interpretation guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) are generic and require disease-specific refinement. Here we developed CardioClassifier (www.cardioclassifier.org), a semi-automated decision-support tool for inherited cardiac conditions (ICCs).MethodsCardioClassifier integrates data retrieved from multiple sources with user-input case-specific information, through an interactive interface, to support varian interpretation. Combining disease- and gene-specific knowledge with variant observations in large cohorts of cases and controls, we refined 14 computational ACMG criteria and created three ICC-specific rules.ResultsWe benchmarked CardioClassifier on 57 expertly-curated variants and show full retrieval of all computational data, concordantly activating 87.3% of rules. A generic annotation tool identified fewer than half as many clinically-actionable variants (64/219 vs 156/219, Fisher’s P=1.1x10-18), with important false positives; illustrating the critical importance of disease and gene-specific annotations. CardioClassifier identified putatively disease-causing variants in 33.7% of 327 cardiomyopathy cases, comparable with leading ICC laboratories. Through addition of manually-curated data, variants found in over 40% of cardiomyopathy cases are fully annotated, without requiring additional user-input data.ConclusionCardioClassifier is an ICC-specific decision-support tool that integrates expertly curated computational annotations with case-specific data to generate fast, reproducible and interactive variant pathogenicity reports, according to best practice guidelines.

Electronic Intervention to Improve Structured Cancer Stage Data Capture

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e949-e956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cecchini ◽  
Kim Framski ◽  
Patricia Lazette ◽  
Teresita Vega ◽  
Michael Strait ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Cancer Staging ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Cancer Stage ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
Practice Advisory ◽  
Electronic Intervention

Purpose: Cancer staging is critical for prognostication, treatment planning, and determining clinical trial eligibility. Electronic health records (EHRs) have structured staging modules, but physician use is inconsistent. Typically, stage is entered as unstructured free text in clinical notes and cannot easily be used for reporting. Methods: We created an Epic Best Practice Advisory (BPA) decision support tool that requires physicians to enter cancer stage in a structured module. If certain conditions are met, the BPA is triggered as a hard stop, and the physician cannot chart until staging is complete or a reason for not staging is selected. We used Plan, Do, Study, Act methodology to inform the intervention and compared preexisting staging rates to rates at 4, 8, and 12 months postintervention. Results: For 12 months before BPA implementation, 1,480 of 5,222 (28%) patients had cancer stage structured within the Epic problem list. From 1 to 4 months after the BPA 2,057 of 1,788 (115%) cases were staged in Epic. In the 5- to 8-month period after the BPA, 1,057 of 1,893 (56%) cases were staged, and 9 to 12 months after the BPA 1,082 of 1,817 (60%) were staged. Conclusion: Electronic decision support improves the rate of structured cancer staging at our institution. The staging rates between 56% and 60% for the 5- to 8-month and 9- to 12-month periods likely reflect accurate postintervention staging rates, whereas the initial 115% rate for 1 to 4 months is inflated by providers staging cancers diagnosed before the BPA.

scholarly journals The Artificial University: Decision Support for Universities in the COVID-19 Era

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Wesley J. Wildman ◽  
Saikou Y. Diallo ◽  
George Hodulik ◽  
Andrew Page ◽  
Andreas Tolk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Contact Network ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Testing Protocols ◽  
Sheer Number

Operating universities under pandemic conditions is a complex undertaking. The Artificial University (TAU) responds to this need. TAU is a configurable, open-source computer simulation of a university using a contact network based on publicly available information about university classes, residences, and activities. This study evaluates health outcomes for an array of interventions and testing protocols in an artificial university of 6,500 students, faculty, and staff. Findings suggest that physical distancing and centralized contact tracing are most effective at reducing infections, but there is a tipping point for compliance below which physical distancing is less effective. If student compliance is anything short of high, it helps to have separate buildings for quarantining infected students, thereby gracefully increasing compliance. Hybrid in-person and online classes and closing fitness centers do not significantly change cumulative infections but do significantly decrease the number of the infected at any given time, indicating strategies for “flattening the curve” to protect limited resources. Supplementing physical distancing with centralized contact tracing decreases infected individuals by an additional 14%; boosting frequency of testing for student-facing staff yields a further 7% decrease. A trade-off exists between increasing the sheer number of infection tests and targeting testing for key nodes in the contact network (i.e., student-facing staff). There are significant advantages to getting and acting on test results quickly. The costs and benefits to universities of these findings are discussed. Artificial universities can be an important decision support tool for universities, generating useful policy insights into the challenges of operating universities under pandemic conditions.

Engaging stakeholders to develop a depression management decision support tool in a tribal health system

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1097-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Starks ◽  
Jennifer L. Shaw ◽  
Vanessa Hiratsuka ◽  
Denise A. Dillard ◽  
Renee Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Health System ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Tribal Health ◽  
Depression Management ◽  
Management Decision Support
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