scholarly journals Prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance in Rural Alberta Acute-Care Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s76-s76
Author(s):  
Jennifer Ellison ◽  
Uma Chandran ◽  
Jennifer Happe ◽  
Ye Shen ◽  
Jayson Shurgold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Acute Care Settings ◽  
Acute Care Facilities ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Antibiotic-resistant organisms (AROs) are associated with greater disease severity and poor outcomes. Previous studies have investigated AROs and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) within larger urban acute-care settings, but similar data for rural settings are scarce. In this stud, we aimed to fill this gap. Methods: Data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR), additional precautions and HAI were collected from 8 rural Alberta acute-care facilities over a 24-hour period from February 4–28, 2019. Data were gathered as part of the national Canadian, Rural, and Northern Acute Care Point Prevalence (CNAPP) survey. All inpatients on included units were reviewed. CNAPP protocol surveillance definitions were used. Results: In total, 961 patients were surveyed, of whom 94 of 961 (9.8%) were on additional precautions. Contact precautions only were most common (54 of 94, 57.4%) and were predominantly in place for MRSA (30 of 94, 31.9%). Of 961 patients, 100 (~10%) met the surveillance definitions for any infection. The most common infections were skin and soft-tissue infections (29 of 100, 29.0%) and bloodstream infections (28 of 100, 28.0%). An HAI occurred in 30 of 961 patients (3.1%); the most common HAIs were surgical site infections (8 of 30, 26.7%) and urinary tract infections (8 of 30, 26.7%). An antimicrobial was prescribed to 333 of 961 patients (34.6%) at the time of the survey, with ceftriaxone the most commonly prescribed (68 of 333, 20.4%). Most patients receiving an antimicrobial (237 of 333, 71.2%) did not meet the surveillance definition for any infection. The most common reason for any antimicrobial administration was empiric therapy (167 of 333, 50.1%). Conclusions: Investigations into antimicrobial use and the burden of HAIs in rural acute-care settings have been limited. In this study, we (1) established provincial baseline data for burden of disease in these facilities due to HAIs and (2) demonstrated that antimicrobial use is common, though most patients who were prescribed an antimicrobial did not meet study definitions for infection. It will be important to continue this type of surveillance in this understudied population to monitor the burden of HAIs over time, to establish antimicrobial utilization trends, and to continue to identify potential antimicrobial stewardship initiatives.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Prevalence of healthcare-associated infections, estimated incidence and composite antimicrobial resistance index in acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities: results from two European point prevalence surveys, 2016 to 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Suetens ◽  
Katrien Latour ◽  
Tommi Kärki ◽  
Enrico Ricchizzi ◽  
Pete Kinross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Point prevalence surveys of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and antimicrobial use in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) from 2016 to 2017 included 310,755 patients from 1,209 acute care hospitals (ACH) in 28 countries and 117,138 residents from 2,221 long-term care facilities (LTCF) in 23 countries. After national validation, we estimated that 6.5% (cumulative 95% confidence interval (cCI): 5.4–7.8%) patients in ACH and 3.9% (95% cCI: 2.4–6.0%) residents in LTCF had at least one HAI (country-weighted prevalence). On any given day, 98,166 patients (95% cCI: 81,022–117,484) in ACH and 129,940 (95% cCI: 79,570–197,625) residents in LTCF had an HAI. HAI episodes per year were estimated at 8.9 million (95% cCI: 4.6–15.6 million), including 4.5 million (95% cCI: 2.6–7.6 million) in ACH and 4.4 million (95% cCI: 2.0–8.0 million) in LTCF; 3.8 million (95% cCI: 3.1–4.5 million) patients acquired an HAI each year in ACH. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to selected AMR markers was 31.6% in ACH and 28.0% in LTCF. Our study confirmed a high annual number of HAI in healthcare facilities in the EU/EEA and indicated that AMR in HAI in LTCF may have reached the same level as in ACH.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens associated with adult healthcare-associated infections: Summary of data reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network, 2015–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey M. Weiner-Lastinger ◽  
Sheila Abner ◽  
Jonathan R. Edwards ◽  
Alexander J. Kallen ◽  
Maria Karlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
National Healthcare Safety Network ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Location Type

AbstractObjective:Describe common pathogens and antimicrobial resistance patterns for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) that occurred during 2015–2017 and were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN).Methods:Data from central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), ventilator-associated events (VAEs), and surgical site infections (SSIs) were reported from acute-care hospitals, long-term acute-care hospitals, and inpatient rehabilitation facilities. This analysis included device-associated HAIs reported from adult location types, and SSIs among patients ≥18 years old. Percentages of pathogens with nonsusceptibility (%NS) to selected antimicrobials were calculated for each HAI type, location type, surgical category, and surgical wound closure technique.Results:Overall, 5,626 facilities performed adult HAI surveillance during this period, most of which were general acute-care hospitals with <200 beds. Escherichia coli (18%), Staphylococcus aureus (12%), and Klebsiella spp (9%) were the 3 most frequently reported pathogens. Pathogens varied by HAI and location type, with oncology units having a distinct pathogen distribution compared to other settings. The %NS for most pathogens was significantly higher among device-associated HAIs than SSIs. In addition, pathogens from long-term acute-care hospitals had a significantly higher %NS than those from general hospital wards.Conclusions:This report provides an updated national summary of pathogen distributions and antimicrobial resistance among select HAIs and pathogens, stratified by several factors. These data underscore the importance of tracking antimicrobial resistance, particularly in vulnerable populations such as long-term acute-care hospitals and intensive care units.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial use in European long-term care facilities: results from the third point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use, 2016 to 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Ricchizzi ◽  
Katrien Latour ◽  
Tommi Kärki ◽  
Rossella Buttazzi ◽  
Béatrice Jans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Third ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Eu

Antimicrobials are commonly prescribed and contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). In 2010, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control initiated point prevalence surveys (PPS) of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in European LTCFs, performed by external contractors as the Healthcare-Associated infections in Long-Term care facilities (HALT) projects. Here, we investigated prevalence and characteristics of antimicrobial use and antimicrobial stewardship indicators in European LTCFs in 2016–17. Twenty-four European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia participated in the third PPS in European LTCFs. Overall, 4.9% (95% confidence interval: 4.8–5.1) of LTCF residents in the EU/EEA participating countries received at least one antimicrobial. The most commonly reported Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) groups were beta-lactam antibacterials/penicillins (J01C), other antibacterials (J01X) (e.g. glycopeptide antibacterials, polymyxins), quinolones (J01M), sulfonamides and trimethoprim (J01E), and other beta-lactams (J01D). Urinary tract infections and respiratory tract infections were the main indications for antimicrobial prescription. This PPS provides updated and detailed information on antimicrobial use in LTCFs across the EU/EEA that can be used to identify targets for future interventions, follow-up of these interventions and promote prudent use of antimicrobials in European LTCFs.

Classification of bloodstream infections in patients recently discharged from acute-care facilities: Hospital acquired or healthcare-associated community onset?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1313-1315
Author(s):  
Riad Khatib ◽  
Mamta Sharma ◽  
Mohamad G. Fakih ◽  
Kathleen M. Riederer ◽  
Leonard B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Acute Care Facilities ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Community Onset

AbstractLaboratory-identified bloodstream infections (LAB-ID BSIs) in recently discharged patients are likely to be classified as healthcare-associated community-onset (HCA-CO) infections, even though they may represent hospital-onset (HO) infections. A review of LAB-ID BSIs among patients discharged within 14 days revealed that 109 of 756 cases (14.4%) were HO infections. The BSI risk being misclassified as HCA CO may underestimate the hospital infection risk.

Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Florida's Acute Care Facilities

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 634-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Abbo ◽  
Kaming Lo ◽  
Ronda Sinkowitz-Cochran ◽  
Anne Carol Burke ◽  
Richard S. Hopkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Acute Care Facilities ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

We surveyed acute care facilities in Florida to assess components of and barriers to sustained antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs). Most respondents with and without ASPs are doing some stewardship-related activities to improve antimicrobial use. Collaborative efforts between facilities and health departments are important to providing better resources for ASPs.

Infections in Australian Aged-Care Facilities: Evaluating the Impact of Revised McGeer Criteria for Surveillance of Urinary Tract Infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 610-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noleen J. Bennett ◽  
Sandra A. Johnson ◽  
Michael J. Richards ◽  
Mary A. Smith ◽  
Leon J. Worth
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Aged Care ◽  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Aged Care Facilities ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact

Our survey of 112 Australian aged-care facilities demonstrated the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections to be 2.9%. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) defined by McGeer criteria comprised 35% of all clinically defined UTIs. To estimate the infection burden in these facilities where microbiologic testing is not routine, modified surveillance criteria for UTIs are necessary.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:610–612

scholarly journals The prevalence of and risk factors for healthcare-associated infections in Slovenia: results of the second national survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Klavs ◽  
Jana Kolman ◽  
Tatjana Lejko Zupanc ◽  
Božena Kotnik Kevorkijan ◽  
Aleš Korošec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction In the second Slovenian national healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) prevalence survey, conducted within the European point prevalence survey of HAIs and antimicrobial use in acute-care hospitals, we estimated the prevalence of all types of HAIs and identified risk factors. Methods Patients from acute-care hospitals were enrolled into a one-day cross-sectional study in October 2011. Descriptive analyses were performed to describe the characteristics of patients, their exposure to invasive procedures and the prevalence of different types of HAIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses of association of having at least one HAI with possible risk factors were performed to identify risk factors. Results Among 5628 patients, 3.8% had at least one HAI and additional 2.6% were still being treated for HAIs on the day of the survey; the prevalence of HAIs was 6.4%. The prevalence of urinary tract infections was the highest (1.4%), followed by pneumoniae (1.3%) and surgical site infections (1.2%). In intensive care units (ICUs), the prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 35.7%. Risk factors for HAIs included central vascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.0; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.9-5.7), peripheral vascular catheter (aOR 2.0; 95% CI: 1.5-2.6), intubation (aOR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.4-3.5) and rapidly fatal underlying condition (aOR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.4-3.3). Conclusions The prevalence of HAIs in Slovenian acute-care hospitals in 2011 was substantial, especially in ICUs. HAIs prevention and control is an important public health priority. National surveillance of HAIs in ICUs should be developed to support evidence-based prevention and control.

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