scholarly journals Implementation of Infection Prevention and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Cardiac Electrophysiology Laboratories: Results from the SHEA Research Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Mehrotra ◽  
Kalpana Gupta ◽  
Judith Strymish ◽  
Daniel B. Kramer ◽  
Anne Lambert-Kerzner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Cardiac Electrophysiology ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Infection prevention in electrophysiology (EP) laboratories is poorly characterized; thus, we conducted a cross-sectional survey using the SHEA Research Network. We found limited uptake of basic interventions, such as surveillance and appropriate peri-procedural antimicrobial use. Further study is needed to identify ways to improve infection prevention in this setting.

Interfacility transfer communication of multidrug-resistant organism colonization or infection status: Practices and barriers in the acute-care setting

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Katherine D. Ellingson ◽  
Brie N. Noble ◽  
Genevieve L. Buser ◽  
Graham M. Snyder ◽  
Jessina C. McGregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Resistant Organism ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Size ◽  
Academic Affiliation ◽  
Healthcare Epidemiology

Abstract Objective: To describe interfacility transfer communication (IFTC) methods for notification of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) status in a diverse sample of acute-care hospitals. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Participants: Hospitals within the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Research Network (SRN). Methods: SRN members completed an electronic survey on protocols and methods for IFTC. We assessed differences in IFTC frequency, barriers, and perceived benefit by presence of an IFTC protocol. Results: Among 136 hospital representatives who were sent the survey, 54 (40%) responded, of whom 72% reported having an IFTC protocol in place. The presence of a protocol did not differ significantly by hospital size, academic affiliation, or international status. Of those with IFTC protocols, 44% reported consistent notification of MDRO status (>75% of the time) to receiving facilities, as opposed to 13% from those with no IFTC protocol (P = .04). Respondents from hospitals with IFTC protocols reported significantly fewer barriers to communication compared to those without (2.8 vs 4.3; P = .03). Overall, however, most respondents (56%) reported a lack of standardization in communication. Presence of an IFTC protocol did not affect whether respondents perceived IFTC protocols as having a significant impact on infection prevention or antimicrobial stewardship. Conclusions: Most respondents reported having an IFTC protocol, which was associated with reduced communication barriers at transfer. Standardization of protocols and clarity about expectations for sending and receipt of information related to MDRO status may facilitate IFTC and promote appropriate and timely infection prevention practices.

scholarly journals How far do we still need to go? A survey on knowledge, attitudes, practice related to antimicrobial stewardship regulations among Chinese doctors in 2012 and 2016

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e027687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruyu Xia ◽  
Xiaoyang Hu ◽  
Merlin Willcox ◽  
Xinxue Li ◽  
Yuxiu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mobile Phone Application ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Positive Effect

ObjectivesTo explore doctors’ knowledge, willingness, concerns and the countermeasures to the most stringent antimicrobial stewardship regulations of China which implemented in August 2012.DesignCross-sectional survey. A pretested 32-point structured questionnaire was distributed to doctors by sending a web link via the mobile phone application WeChat through snowball sampling methods and email groups of medical academic societies.SettingChina.ParticipantsDoctors.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe questionnaire inquired about the doctors’ experiences, knowledge, willingness, concerns and the countermeasures to the stewardship policies.ResultsTotal of persons in the groups was 19 791, among them 1194 submitted the answers, within them, 807 were doctors. Doctors had a mean age of 39.0 years. The majority (78.9% in 2012, 89.1% in 2016) reported that they were willing or very willing to accept the regulations. Almost all respondents (93.2%) felt the stewardship regulations had the potential to adversely affect the prognosis of patients who would have been prescribed antimicrobials before they were implemented, and >65% (65.7% in 2012, 66.9% in 2016) of doctors were often or always concerned about the prognosis of these patients. In 2012, 32% of doctors prescribed restricted antimicrobials or suggested patient self-medication with restricted antimicrobials to address doctors’ concerns, and this number decreased to 22.6% in 2016. Although compulsory antimicrobial stewardship training was frequent, less than half of respondents (46.8%) responded correctly to all three knowledge questions.ConclusionAntimicrobial stewardship regulations had some positive effect on rational antimicrobial use. Willingness and practice of doctors towards the regulations improved from 2012 to 2016. Knowledge about rational antimicrobial use was still lacking. Doctors found ways of accessing restricted antibiotics to address their concerns about the prognosis of patients, which undermined the implementation of the stewardship regulations.

Antimicrobial Stewardship Barriers and Goals in Pediatric Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation: A Survey of Antimicrobial Stewardship Practitioners

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Wolf ◽  
Yilun Sun ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Jason G. Newland ◽  
Jeffrey S. Gerber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Location Strategies

We undertook a cross-sectional survey of antimicrobial stewardship clinicians in North America and Australasia regarding practices, goals, and barriers to implementation of stewardship for pediatric oncology patients. Goals and barriers were similar regardless of clinician or institutional characteristics and geographic location. Strategies addressing these factors could help optimize antimicrobial use.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2016;37(3):343–347

scholarly journals Knowledge of Antimicrobial Resistance among Veterinary Students and Their Personal Antibiotic Use Practices: A National Cross-Sectional Survey

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail A. Odetokun ◽  
Uduak Akpabio ◽  
Nma B. Alhaji ◽  
Khalid T. Biobaku ◽  
Nurudeen O. Oloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antibiotic Usage ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contributory Factors

The challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is grave in developing countries. Antimicrobials are misused yet stakeholders’ contribution to antimicrobial stewardship is low. Veterinary students are future prescribers and their knowledge could influence progress in combating AMR; hence, there is a need to assess their knowledge, attitude, and awareness of AMR. A multi-institutional questionnaire was administered to undergraduates in Nigerian veterinary schools. It comprised demographics, own personal antibiotic usage, and knowledge, attitude, and awareness of AMR in humans and animals. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for analyses. Of the 426 respondents, 39.2% reported personal antimicrobial use in the previous six months. Over 60% received knowledge scores lower than average and >87% requested more education on clinical use and prescriptions pre-graduation, monitored dispensing of antimicrobials, conducting AMR research, and confirmed link among human, animal, and environmental health. Less than 25% of respondents were aware of antimicrobial stewardship and global efforts/organizations for AMR. Final year students have 9-fold and 14-fold more satisfactory knowledge on antimicrobials in humans and animals compared with other students, respectively (p = 0.001). Final year students also have more knowledge (13×) and awareness of contributory factors (3×) on AMR (p = 0.001) than other students. Unsatisfactory knowledge on AMR issues exists among veterinary students yet willingness to improve was observed. Identified knowledge, attitude, and gaps in AMR awareness should be targeted by veterinary schools in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Stewardship: A Cross-Sectional Survey Assessing the Perceptions and Practices of Community Pharmacists in Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Asfaw Erku
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Almost All

Background. Community pharmacists are key healthcare professionals for antimicrobial stewardship programs owing to their role in dispensing of antimicrobials. The aim of the present study was to assess the perception and practices of community pharmacists towards antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in Ethiopia.Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted by selecting pharmacy sites through stratified simple random sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.Results. Majority of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that AMS program is vital for the improvement of patient care. Almost all of respondents agreed that pharmacists can play a prominent role in AMS and infection prevention (93.2%, median = 5; IQR = 2–5). However, only 26.5% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that AMS should be practiced at community pharmacy level (median = 4, IQR = 1–3) and more than half of community pharmacists (59.9%) often/always dispense antimicrobial without a prescription.Conclusion. The present study revealed positive perceptions and practices of community pharmacists towards antimicrobial stewardship. Yet, some weak areas like integration of AMS program in community pharmacies, the significance of interprofessional involvement, and dispensing of antimicrobials without a valid prescription still need improvement.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial stewardship program in China’s tertiary hospitals in 2018: a nationwide cross-sectional online survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Haishaerjiang Wushouer ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Jiajia Feng ◽  
Likai Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Clinical Pathways ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Audit ◽  
Stewardship Program ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals

Abstract Background The study aimed to assess the development of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) program in China’s tertiary hospitals to identify the potential challenges for AMS program and provide references and benchmarks for strategic policymaking. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted online by sending questionnaires to tertiary hospitals under China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (CARSS) between November 1, 2018 and December 10, 2018. The questionnaire included 5 sections regarding structure, technical support, antimicrobial use management, antimicrobial use surveillance and education. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results Of 1044 tertiary hospitals under CARSS, 13.4% (140) hospitals participated in the study. Among them, 99.3% (139/140) set up AMS program. Hospital president (82.1%, 115/140) and medical service department (59.3%, 83/140) were responsible for AMS outcomes in most hospitals. Structured antimicrobial formulary restriction management was adopted by 99.3% (139/140) hospitals. Infection disease department, infection control department and microbiological laboratories were established in 87.1% (122/140), 99.3% (139/140), and 100% (140/140) hospitals, respectively. Up to 85.6% (124/140) hospitals applied clinical pathways and 33.6% (47/140) hospitals implemented hospital-specific guidelines for infectious diseases. Outpatient prescription audit, inpatient prescription audit and prophylactic antimicrobial prescription audit of aseptic operation were performed in 99.3% (139/140), 98.6% (138/140) and 95.7% (134/140) hospitals, respectively. Up to 97.1% (136/140) hospitals participated in antimicrobial use surveillance network and 99.3% (139/140) hospitals established the specialized management of carbapenem and tigecycline. Staff education and AMS-related popular science education were provided with different ways and frequency in 100% (140/140) and 88.6% (124/140) hospitals, respectively. Conclusions AMS in China’s tertiary hospitals were primarily headed by hospital presidents and involved collaboration among various disciplines and administrative departments. More efforts should be put into further promoting and strengthening the development of hospital-specific guidelines and the establishment of progress and outcome evaluation system.

Australian osteopaths as non-medical prescribers: comparison of healthcare practitioner characteristics from a nationally representative survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Brett Vaughan ◽  
Michael Fleischmann ◽  
Kylie Fitzgerald ◽  
Sandra Grace ◽  
Paul Orrock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Scope Of Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Future ◽  
Practice Based Research ◽  
Nationally Representative

The study aimed to compare the characteristics of Australian osteopaths who definitely agree that prescribing scheduled medicines is part of their future scope of practice with those who do not. A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey of osteopaths from an Australian practice-based research network was undertaken. Demographic, practice and treatment characteristics were identified using inferential statistics and backward linear regression modelling. Over one-quarter (n=257, 25.9%) of the total participants (n=992) indicated that they ‘definitely’ agree that osteopaths should seek prescription rights. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) suggested these osteopaths were more likely to engage in medication discussions with patients (OR 1.88), frequently manage migraines (OR 1.68) and seek increased practice rights for referrals to medical specialists (OR 2.61) and diagnostic imaging (OR 2.79). Prescribing as part of the future scope of practice for Australian osteopaths is associated with patient management (medication discussions) and practice characteristics (increased referral rights for specialists and diagnostic imaging) that warrant additional investigation. Understanding of the practice, clinical and patient management characteristics of Australian osteopaths who see prescribing as part of the future scope of practice informs the case for regulatory and health policy changes for prescribing scheduled medicines.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial use and resistance in Escherichia coli from healthy food-producing animals in Guadeloupe

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Gruel ◽  
Arantxa Sellin ◽  
Hélène Riveiro ◽  
Matthieu Pot ◽  
Sébastien Breurec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Selection pressure exerted by use of antibiotics in both human and veterinary medicine is responsible for increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The objectives of this study were to better understand antimicrobial use in pigs, beef cattle, and poultry on farms on Guadeloupe, French West Indies, and to acquire data on AMR in Escherichia coli in these food-producing animals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at 45 farms on Guadeloupe, and practical use of antimicrobials was documented in declarative interviews between March and July 2018. A total of 216 fecal samples were collected between January 2018 and May 2019, comprising 124 from pigs, 75 from beef cattle, and 17 from poultry litter. E. coli isolates were obtained for further testing by isolation and identification from field samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and screening for blaCTX-M, blaTEM, tetA, and tetB resistance genes by polymerase chain reaction on extracted genomic DNA were performed. Results The study showed rational use of antimicrobials, consisting of occasional use for curative treatment by veterinary prescription. Tetracycline was the most commonly used antimicrobial, but its use was not correlated to E. coli resistance. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) E. coli isolates were detected in 7.3% of pigs, 14.7% of beef cattle, and 35.3% of poultry. blaCTX-M-1 was the predominant gene found in ESBL-E. coli isolates (68.8%), followed by blaCTX-M-15 (31.3%). Conclusion Despite rational use of antimicrobials, the rate of ESBL-E. coli in food-producing animals in Guadeloupe, although moderate, is a concern. Further studies are in progress to better define the genetic background of the ESBL-E. coli isolates. Graphical abstract

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