scholarly journals Vaccination Policies Among Health Professional Schools: Evidence of Immunity and Allowance of Vaccination Exemptions

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha B. Dolan ◽  
Tanya E. Libby ◽  
Megan C. Lindley ◽  
Faruque Ahmed ◽  
John Stevenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Program Analysis ◽  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Professional Schools ◽  
School Officials ◽  
Professional Programs ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Personal Belief

OBJECTIVETo characterize health professional schools by their vaccination policies for acceptable forms of evidence of immunity and exemptions permitted.METHODSData were collected between September 2011 and April 2012 using an Internet-based survey e-mailed to selected types of accredited health professional programs. Schools were identified through accrediting associations for each type of health professional program. Analysis was limited to schools requiring ≥1 vaccine recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP): measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B, varicella, pertussis, and influenza. Weighted bivariate frequencies were generated using SAS 9.3.RESULTSOf 2,775 schools surveyed, 75% (n=2,077) responded; of responding schools, 93% (1947) required ≥1 ACIP-recommended vaccination. The proportion of schools accepting ≥1 non–ACIP-recommended form of evidence of immunity varied by vaccine: 42% for pertussis, 37% for influenza, 30% for rubella, 22% for hepatitis B, 18% for varicella, and 9% for measles and mumps. Among schools with ≥1 vaccination requirement, medical exemptions were permitted for ≥1 vaccine by 75% of schools; 54% permitted religious exemptions; 35% permitted personal belief exemptions; 58% permitted any nonmedical exemption.CONCLUSIONSMany schools accept non–ACIP-recommended forms of evidence of immunity which could lead some students to believe they are protected from vaccine preventable diseases when they may be susceptible. Additional efforts are needed to better educate school officials about current ACIP recommendations for acceptable forms of evidence of immunity so school policies can be revised as needed.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;00(0): 1–6

Update From the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-500
Author(s):  
Sean T O’leary ◽  
Yvonne A Maldonado ◽  
David W Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Clinical Trial Results ◽  
Health Experts

Abstract The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a group of medical and public health experts, meets 3 times per year to develop recommendations for vaccine use in the United States. There usually are 15 voting members, but at the June 2019 meeting, only 14 were present; each member’s term is 4 years. ACIP members and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) staff discuss the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine research, effectiveness, safety data, and clinical trial results. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) (Y. A. M. and D. W. K.) and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (S. T. O.) are present as liaisons to the ACIP. The ACIP met on June 26 to 27, 2019, to discuss the use of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in adults, pneumococcal vaccines in adults, measles updates, zoster vaccine, influenza vaccines, hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccines, meningococcal vaccines, and dengue vaccine.

scholarly journals The training for health equity network evaluation framework: A pilot study at five health professional schools

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
SimoneJ Ross ◽  
Robyn Preston ◽  
IrisC Lindemann ◽  
MarieC Matte ◽  
Rex Samson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Professional Schools ◽  
Network Evaluation

scholarly journals Immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (rHBV) in recipients of unrelated or related allogeneic hematopoietic cell (HC) transplants

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (7) ◽  
pp. 2470-2475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Jaffe ◽  
Esperanza B. Papadopoulos ◽  
James W. Young ◽  
Richard J. O'Reilly ◽  
Susan Prockop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Immune Competence ◽  
Recombinant Hepatitis ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Control And Prevention

Abstract Current European and US guidelines for recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (rHBV) after hematopoietic-cell transplantation (HCT) vary. The European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) recommends rHBV starting 6 to 12 months after HCT. Immunization is optional in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines. Nevertheless, rHBV is required for re-entry to school and certain workplaces. To determine the immunogenicity of rHBV following HCT, the prevaccine and postvaccine titers of 292 allogeneic transplant recipients who were immunized with rHBV were analyzed. Immunization was initiated in patients off immunosuppression who achieved specific minimal milestones of immune competence. Overall, 64% of patients seroconverted. In multivariate analyses, response was adversely affected by age older than 18 years (P < .01) and history of prior chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD; P < .001) but not by donor type or by use of T-cell depletion, adoptive immunotherapy, or rituximab. By comparison, 89% of rHBV nonresponders mounted a 3-fold or greater rise in polio titers following 3 doses of inactivated poliovirus. These data demonstrate that the rate of seroconversion following rHBV is lower in allogeneic HC transplant recipients compared with age-matched healthy controls. The data emphasize the need to document prevaccine and postvaccine titers to ensure response and suggest that immunization guidelines based on time interval from HCT, irrespective of immune competence, may not ensure adequate protection against certain vaccine-preventable diseases.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus infections among health professional students in Mwanza city,Tanzania in 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam M. Mirambo ◽  
Emmanuel Mkumbo ◽  
Hadija Selega ◽  
Betrand Msemwa ◽  
Martha F. Mushi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Health Professional Students

Abstract Background The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends the vaccination against Hepatitis B virus in all infants and children up to the age of 18 years. In addition, adults in high-risk groups should also be vaccinated. This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infections among health professional students in the city of Mwanza, Tanzania in order to provide data that can assist in devising prevention and control strategies in this special group. Methods A cross-sectional study involving health professional students of the Catholic University of health and Allied Sciences was conducted between April and July 2016. Hepatitis B surface antigen was detected using rapid antigen test while the anti-hepatitis B surface antibodies(anti-HBs) were quantified using Enzygnost Anti-HBs II assay and anti-HBV core antibodies tested using enzyme immunoassay. Results A total of 1211 health professional students with median age of 22 interquartile range (IQR):21–24 years were enrolled. The slighlty majority (57.5%) of these students were males and 475(39.2%) were in clinical practices. Out of 1211 students, 37 (3.1%) were Hepatitis B surface antigen positive. Of 1174 students tested for anti-HBs, 258 (22%) had titres > 10 IU/L indicating HBV immunity. The median anti-HBs titres was 47.7 IU/L(IQR:16–3-113). A total of 230(89.2%) students among those who were positive for anti-HBs were also positive for HBV core antibodies indicating HBV natural infections. Male sex (adjusted odd ratio(AOR):1.77, p < 0.000), being married (AOR:1.82, p = 0.002) and being in clinical practices (AOR:1.39, p = 0.028) independenlty predicted anti-HBs positivity. Conclusion A significant proportion of health professional students was naturally immune to Hepatitis B virus. There is a need to measure anti-HBs in order to reduce the cost of unnecessary vaccination especially in the countries with high endemicity of HBV.

scholarly journals Update from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Sean T O’Leary ◽  
Yvonne A Maldonado ◽  
David W Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Adult Immunization ◽  
Health Experts

Abstract The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a group of medical and public health experts, meets 3 times per year to develop recommendations for vaccine use in the United States. There are usually 15 voting members; members’ terms are for 4 years. ACIP members and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention staff discuss the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine research, effectiveness, safety data, and results from clinical trials. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics (Y. A. M., D. W. K.) and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (S. T. O.) are present as liaisons to the ACIP. The ACIP met on 23–24 October 2019 to discuss pertussis vaccines, the child/adolescent and adult immunization schedule, influenza vaccine effectiveness and safety, Ebola vaccine, orthopoxvirus vaccines, Dengue vaccine, rabies vaccine, measles, and vaccine safety update.

The Relationship Between Self-Esteem, Emotional Intelligence, and Empathy Among Students From Six Health Professional Programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 536-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidyadhar Sa ◽  
Nkemcho Ojeh ◽  
Md Anwarul Azim Majumder ◽  
Paula Nunes ◽  
Stella Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Professional Programs ◽  
The Relationship

Update From the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean T O’Leary ◽  
Yvonne A Maldonado ◽  
David W Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Clinical Trial Results ◽  
Papillomavirus Vaccine

Abstract The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a group of medical and public health experts, meets 3 times per year to develop recommendations for vaccine use in the United States. The group usually has 15 voting members, each of whom is appointed to a 4-year term. ACIP members and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention staff discuss the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine research, effectiveness, safety data, and clinical trial results. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics (Y. A. M. and D. W. K.) and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (S. T. O.) are present as liaisons to the ACIP. The ACIP met February 27 to 28, 2019, to discuss hepatitis A (HepA) vaccination of human immunodeficiency virus–infected persons, pneumococcal vaccination among adults aged 65 years or older, influenza vaccine effectiveness and safety, anthrax vaccination in the setting of a mass exposure, human papillomavirus vaccine, zoster vaccines, and Japanese encephalitis vaccine.

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