scholarly journals Hydrodynamic computational modelling and simulations of collisional shock waves in gas jet targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stylianos Passalidis ◽  
Oliver C. Ettlinger ◽  
George S. Hicks ◽  
Nicholas P. Dover ◽  
Zulfikar Najmudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Gas Jet ◽  
Shock Acceleration ◽  
Modelling And Simulations ◽  
Deposition Position

We study the optimization of collisionless shock acceleration of ions based on hydrodynamic modelling and simulations of collisional shock waves in gaseous targets. The models correspond to the specifications required for experiments with the $\text{CO}_{2}$ laser at the Accelerator Test Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the Vulcan Petawatt system at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. In both cases, a laser prepulse is simulated to interact with hydrogen gas jet targets. It is demonstrated that by controlling the pulse energy, the deposition position and the backing pressure, a blast wave suitable for generating nearly monoenergetic ion beams can be formed. Depending on the energy absorbed and the deposition position, an optimal temporal window can be determined for the acceleration considering both the necessary overdense state of plasma and the required short scale lengths for monoenergetic ion beam production.

scholarly journals Experimental program for the Princeton Ion Source Test Facility

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-574
Author(s):  
L.R. Grisham ◽  
E.P. Gilson ◽  
I. Kaganovich ◽  
J.W. Kwan ◽  
A. Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Source Test

AbstractA 100 kV ion source test stand formerly operated at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has been relocated to Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, where it is being installed and prepared for operation. A variety of topics relevant to ion-beam-driven high energy density physics and heavy ion fusion will be explored at this facility. The practicality of magnetic insulation to improve the performance of electrostatic accelerators will be investigated by determining whether a pair of parallel plates forming a high-voltage gap can sustain higher electric field gradients, when an electric current is passed through the electrode at the cathode potential so as to produce a magnetic field, which is everywhere parallel to the surface. The facility will also be used to develop and characterize improved plasma sources for space charge neutralization of intense ion beam systems such as the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment-II facility. The negative halogen ion beam and ion-ion plasma studies previously initiated when this test facility was located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory will be resumed, and other experimental topics are also under consideration.

Electron and ion irradiation-induced dissolution of mechanical twins in the intermetalic U3Si: An in situ HVEM study

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 652-653
Author(s):  
Charles W. Allen ◽  
Robert C. Birtcher
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mechanical Twinning ◽  
In Situ Experiments

The uranium silicides, including U3Si, are under study as candidate low enrichment nuclear fuels. Ion beam simulations of the in-reactor behavior of such materials are performed because a similar damage structure can be produced in hours by energetic heavy ions which requires years in actual reactor tests. This contribution treats one aspect of the microstructural behavior of U3Si under high energy electron irradiation and low dose energetic heavy ion irradiation and is based on in situ experiments, performed at the HVEM-Tandem User Facility at Argonne National Laboratory. This Facility interfaces a 2 MV Tandem ion accelerator and a 0.6 MV ion implanter to a 1.2 MeV AEI high voltage electron microscope, which allows a wide variety of in situ ion beam experiments to be performed with simultaneous irradiation and electron microscopy or diffraction.At elevated temperatures, U3Si exhibits the ordered AuCu3 structure. On cooling below 1058 K, the intermetallic transforms, evidently martensitically, to a body-centered tetragonal structure (alternatively, the structure may be described as face-centered tetragonal, which would be fcc except for a 1 pet tetragonal distortion). Mechanical twinning accompanies the transformation; however, diferences between electron diffraction patterns from twinned and non-twinned martensite plates could not be distinguished.

New options for material testing at the material ion beam test facility MARION

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 2506-2509 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Nicolai ◽  
P. Chaumet ◽  
O. Neubauer ◽  
R. Uhlemann
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Material Testing ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Beam Test

Lifetimes of 214Po and 212Po measured with Counting Test Facility at Gran Sasso National Laboratory

2014 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 444-446
Author(s):  
L. Miramonti ◽  
G. Bellini ◽  
J. Benziger ◽  
D. Bick ◽  
G. Bonfini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Test Facility

scholarly journals The high current experiment: First results

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. SEIDL ◽  
D. BACA ◽  
F.M. BIENIOSEK ◽  
A. FALTENS ◽  
S.M. LUND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Charge ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Current ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
First Results ◽  
High Space

The High Current Experiment (HCX) is being assembled at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory as part of the U.S. program to explore heavy ion beam transport at a scale representative of the low-energy end of an induction linac driver for fusion energy production. The primary mission of this experiment is to investigate aperture fill factors acceptable for the transport of space-charge dominated heavy ion beams at high space-charge intensity (line-charge density ∼ 0.2 μC/m) over long pulse durations (>4 μs). This machine will test transport issues at a driver-relevant scale resulting from nonlinear space-charge effects and collective modes, beam centroid alignment and beam steering, matching, image charges, halo, lost-particle induced electron effects, and longitudinal bunch control. We present the first experimental results carried out with the coasting K+ ion beam transported through the first 10 electrostatic transport quadrupoles and associated diagnostics. Later phases of the experiment will include more electrostatic lattice periods to allow more sensitive tests of emittance growth, and also magnetic quadrupoles to explore similar issues in magnetic channels with a full driver scale beam.

Ion Irradiation Effects on Ho2+xTi2-xO7-x/2 (x=0, 0.4 and 0.67)

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 643-647
Author(s):  
Yu Hong Li ◽  
Yong Qiang Wang ◽  
Juan Wen ◽  
Valdez A. James ◽  
Kurt E. Sickafus
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Phase Transformation Temperature ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Threshold Fluence ◽  
Β Phase

We recently synthesized different composition polycrystalline Ho2+xTi2-xO7-x/2 (x=0, 0.4 and 0.67), which is derivative fluorite compounds known as and pyrochlore phases in Ho3O2-TiO2 phase diagram by using conventional solid state synthesis methods. The samples were irradiated with 400 keV Ne2+ ions at cryogenic temperature (~77 K), using the Danfysik ion accelerator at the Ion Beam Materials Laboratory (IBML) of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The irradiation fluences in the experiments ranged from 5×1014-5×1015ions/cm2. An order-to-disorder (O-D) transformation was observed for α, β and pyrochlore phases, as determined using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) at an incident angle of 0.25°. The O-D transformation threshold fluence for α phase was found to be noticeably lower than those for β phase and pyrochlore, and the O-D transformation threshold fluence for β phase was the highest. The O-D transformation threshold fluence was found to be coherent with the phase transformation temperature in the Ho3O2-TiO2temperature-composition (T-C) phase diagram.

First results of the ITER-relevant negative ion beam test facility ELISE (invited)

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 02B305 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Fantz ◽  
P. Franzen ◽  
B. Heinemann ◽  
D. Wünderlich
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Beam Test ◽  
First Results

scholarly journals Physical advantages of particles: protons and light ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1107) ◽  
pp. 20190428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Jäkel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Carbon Ions ◽  
Nuclear Fragmentation ◽  
Depth Dose ◽  
Light Ions ◽  
Argon Ions ◽  
First Time

Proton and ion beam therapy has been introduced in the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the mid-1950s, when protons and helium ions have been used for the first time to treat patients. Starting in 1972, the scientists at Berkeley also were the first to use heavier ions (carbon, oxygen, neon, silicon and argon ions). The first clinical ion beam facility opened in 1994 in Japan and since then, the interest in radiotherapy with light ion beams has been increasing slowly but steadily, with 13 centers in clinical operation in 2019. All these centers are using carbon ions for clinical application. The article outlines the differences in physical properties of various light ions as compared to protons in view of the application in radiotherapy. These include the energy loss and depth dose properties, multiple scattering, range straggling and nuclear fragmentation. In addition, the paper discusses differences arising from energy loss and linear energy transfer with respect to their biological effects. Moreover, the paper reviews briefly the existing clinical data comparing protons and ions and outlines the future perspectives for the clinical use of ions like oxygen and helium.

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