scholarly journals Individual Predictors of the Radical Right-Wing Vote in Europe: A Meta-Analysis of Articles in Peer-Reviewed Journals (1995–2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stockemer ◽  
Tobias Lentz ◽  
Danielle Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Individual Vote ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

In this article, we summarize the individual demand-level factors explaining the radical right-wing vote in European countries. To do so, we first review 46 quantitative peer-reviewed articles featuring the individual vote choice in favour of a radical right-wing party as the dependent variable. To identify relevant articles, we use Kai Arzheimer’s bibliography on the radical right and employ the following inclusion criterion: the articles must be written in English, they must use the individual vote for a radical right-wing party as the dependent variable, they must use a quantitative methodology and they must include some type of regression analysis. Using this strategy, we conduct a meta-analysis of 329 relevant models and find that over 20 individual variables are tested. Because many variables such as attitudes towards immigration, employment, age, education and gender only show moderate success rates in attempting to explain an individual’s propensity to vote for the radical right, we complement the review of quantitative studies with an analysis of 14 qualitative publications. The review of these qualitative works shows that the processes through which somebody becomes a voter, supporter or activist of the radical right are often more complex than the commonly used surveys can portray them. Frequently, feelings of relative economic deprivation and dissatisfaction with the political regime trigger an awakening that makes individuals seek engagement. However, the processes behind this awakening are complex and can only be partially captured by quantitative studies.

scholarly journals Critical Essay: Meta-analysis: A critical realist critique and alternative

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J Brannan ◽  
Steve Fleetwood ◽  
Joe O’Mahoney ◽  
Steve Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Critical Realist ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Meta Theory

Meta-analysis has proved increasingly popular in management and organization studies as a way of combining existing empirical quantitative research to generate a statistical estimate of how strongly variables are associated. Whilst a number of studies identify technical, procedural and practical limitations of meta-analyses, none have yet tackled the meta-theoretical flaws in this approach. We deploy critical realist meta-theory to argue that the individual quantitative studies, upon which meta-analysis relies, lack explanatory power because they are rooted in quasi-empiricist meta-theory. This problem, we argue, is carried over in meta-analyses. We then propose a ‘critical realist synthesis’ as a potential alternative to the use of meta-analysis in organization studies and social science more widely.

scholarly journals From Paramilitaries to Parliamentarians: Disaggregating Radical Right Wing Extremist Movements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Blazakis ◽  
Colin Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
White Supremacist ◽  
Far Right ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Individual

The global far right is extremely broad in nature and far from monolithic. While the “far right” is often used as an umbrella term, using the term runs the risk of over-simplifying the differences and linkages between white supremacist, anti-immigration, nativist, and other motivating ideologies. These beliefs and political platforms fall within the far-right rubric, and too often the phrase presents a more unified image of the phenomena than is really the case. In truth, the “far right” and the individual movements that comprise it are fragmented, consisting of a number of groups that lack established leadership and cohesion. Indeed, these movements include chauvinist religious organizations, neo-fascist street gangs, and paramilitary organs of established political parties. Although such movements largely lack the mass appeal of the interwar European radical right-wing extreme, they nevertheless can inspire both premeditated and spontaneous acts of violence against perceived enemies. This report is intended to provide policymakers, practitioners, and the academic community with a roadmap of ongoing shifts in the organizational structures and ideological currents of radical right-wing extremist movements, detailing the difference between distinct, yet often connected and interlaced echelons of the far right. In particular, the report identifies and analyzes various aspects of the broader far right and the assorted grievances it leverages to recruit, which is critical to gaining a more nuanced understanding of the potential future trajectory of these movements.

scholarly journals Explaining the end of Spanish exceptionalism and electoral support for Vox

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205316801985168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J. Turnbull-Dugarte
Keyword(s):  
Party System ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Regional Elections

The 2018 regional elections in Andalucía marked the end of Spain’s exceptional status as a country with a party system free from the radical right. The electoral success of the radical right-wing challenger, Vox, who gained 11% of the vote and 12 seats in the regional parliament, brought this exceptionalism to an end. This paper analyses the individual-level determinants that explain the electoral success of Vox and the emergence of the radical right within the Spanish party system. The results indicate that concerns over devolution, likely engendered by the Catalan separatist crisis, predominantly explain voters’ preferences for the right-wing challenger. This is true both amongst the general electorate as well as amongst the former voters of other right-wing parties. Significantly, against popular assumptions and empirical observations explaining the rise of radical right-wing parties across much of Western Europe, the results display no empirical link between immigration and electoral support for Vox.

scholarly journals SEARCHING FOR NEW AUTHORITARISM IN THE CONDITIONS OF GEOPOLITICAL TURBULENCE

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Stable Development

The main factors of the growing popularity and influence of undemocratic regimes are considered. In the modern world, in the context of geopolitical turbulence, the geopolitical centers of power and actors in the adoption of global management decisions are changing. But there is a need to manage socio-political and economic processes for the stable development of society. Therefore, the conditions of chaos only strengthen the attempts to search and create fuses for the uncontrollability of the development of the political regime. Especially in the conditions of the crisis of the formal institutions of liberal democracy, a clear proof of which was the emergence of post-democracy as a phenomenon and process of evolution of «modern» democracies. Several factors reinforce this trend. First of all, the reverse wave of democratization (S. Huntington), which lasts several decades. Secondly, the crisis of American hegemony and the completion of the next cycle of political hegemony. We must add the completion of the macrohistorical cycle of the internal political development of the political system of the USA itself (A. Schlesinger) with a number of crises throughout the entire first half of 2020. The weakening of the global hegemon resulted in the process of easternization and the emergence of new geopolitical centers (primarily, Asia, namely China with a powerful economy, which is a prerequisite for the formation of a new hegemon). The third factor is the growth of right-wing extremism and right-wing populism in countries of sustainable democracies and new democracies. The wave of populism is supported by a conservative turn in the form of legal consolidation of nationalism, the legitimation of the dominance of the collective over the individual. Another factor of destabilization is the crisis of traditional institutions of democracy, primarily political parties, party leaders who can refuse program promises and turn into lawyers of the «expression of the will of the people». Amid growing mistrust of traditional democratic institutions and the values of liberalism, there is a growing demand for leaders and institutions that can ensure the safe and stable development of society. And the actual uniqueness of the current development is the search for new forms of coexistence of authoritarian and democratic institutions within the same political regime.

scholarly journals T-Score and Handgrip Strength Association for the Diagnosis of Osteosarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2597
Author(s):  
Umberto Tarantino ◽  
Chiara Greggi ◽  
Virginia Veronica Visconti ◽  
Ida Cariati ◽  
Mariagrazia Tallarico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
T Score ◽  
Population Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Handgrip Test ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Associated Variables

Background: Osteosarcopenia is a recently identified condition caused by the coexistence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia that affects the frail elderly population, leading to an increased risk of falls and fractures. Given the recent socio-economic interest associated with osteosarcopenia, the aim of this meta-analysis is to provide an overview of the factors potentially involved in its pathogenesis, assessing its population type, prevalence, and associated variables. Methods: A comprehensive systematic search for relevant studies, published from 2015 to 2020, was performed by using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. We analysed the variables of age, vitamin D, handgrip, and T-score in four different groups: healthy, osteopenic–osteoporotic, sarcopenic, and osteosarcopenic. Results: A total of 6504 patients from 16 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The analysis of the individual variables reveals a statistically significant correlation between the handgrip test data and T-score (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The correlation between T-score values and handgrip strength suggests a new potential parameter in the development of predictive models that could be used in clinical practice, highlighting its importance for the diagnosis of osteosarcopenia.

The Angiovac Device: Understanding the Failures on the Road to Success

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhane Worku ◽  
Arash Salemi ◽  
Marcus D. D'Ayala ◽  
Robert F. Tranbaugh ◽  
Leonard N. Girardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Pulmonary Embolus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
The Road ◽  
Shunt Thrombosis ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

Objective Current percutaneous thromboembolectomy techniques may obviate surgical intervention in high-risk patients with iliocaval thrombus or thrombus of the right side of the heart, but typically require thrombus fragmentation and thrombolysis with associated bleeding and thromboembolic complications. The AngioVac (Angiodynamics, Latham, NY USA) device uses a percutaneous venovenous bypass circuit to aspirate intact thrombus. A review of the literature was performed with regard to the AngioVac device to determine the factors correlating with successful thrombus extraction. Methods A literature search was performed with regard to use of the AngioVac device using the PubMed database. A meta-analysis was not performed given the small size and lack of statistical analysis of the individual reports included. Results Twenty-three reports describing 57 procedures in 56 patients were analyzed. Indications for thrombectomy included iliocaval thrombus in 53% (30), thrombus of the right side of the heart, in 49% (28), pulmonary embolus in 14% (8), and upper extremity venous/Glenn shunt thrombosis in 7% (4). The complete success rate, defined as removal of all thrombus, was 75% (43), with an 11% (6) partial success rate. In 14% (8) of cases, minimal or no thrombus was retrieved. When analyzed by indication, iliocaval thrombus and thrombus of the right side of the heart demonstrated 87% (26) and 82% (23) complete success rates, respectively. Pulmonary embolus demonstrated a significantly lower success rate at 12.5% [1; (P < .001)]. Complications occurred in 12% (7), including six hematomas and one retroperitoneal bleed. Conclusions The AngioVac device offers an excellent alternative to surgical thrombectomy for patients presenting with iliocaval or intracardiac thrombus, with success rates of more than 80%, although it seems that pulmonary emboli are less amenable. Appropriate patient selection can lead to improved outcomes. Larger numbers are needed to make more definite conclusions.

scholarly journals Análise das Variáveis Intervenientes na Tomada de Decisões Éticas dos Profissionais e Estudantes de Ciências Contábeis Brasileiros

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (38) ◽  
pp. 108-118
Author(s):  
Cristina Laidmer ◽  
Alexandre André Feil
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Ethical Question ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

O objetivo geral é analisar os fatores que influenciam essa tomada de decisão, com base nos estudos conduzidos no Brasil. O presente estudo se utiliza da abordagem mista ou qualiquantitativa e os procedimentos técnicos adotados o classificam como revisão sistemática com metanálise. A revisão sistemática identificou 28 estudos conduzidos no Brasil sobre o tema, abrangendo 7.580 respondentes de 22 Estados das cinco regiões geográficas do país, no período compreendido entre os anos de 2006 e 2017. Os resultados indicam predomínio de estudos abordando as variáveis individuais, com destaque para o gênero, e entre as variáveis situacionais se destaca,  por sua frequência, o Código de Ética Profissional do Contador - CEPC. Quanto à influência das variáveis, na decisão ética, no conjunto dos estudos analisados, as variáveis individuais obtiveram resultados mistos, à exceção da educação ética, a qual apresentou consenso sobre sua influência positiva. A metanálise indicou relação estatisticamente significativa da variável situacional CEPC com a tomada de decisão ética. Destacam-se também os componentes da variável intensidade moral da questão ética como campo em expansão e com resultados consistentes. Palavras-chave: Ética Profissional. Variáveis Intervenientes. Metanálise. AbstractThe general objective is to analyze the factors that influence this decision-making, based on the studies conducted in Brazil. The present study uses the mixed or qualitative and quantitative approach and the adopted technical procedures classify it as a systematic review with meta-analysis. The systematic review identified 28 studies conducted in Brazil on the subject, covering 7,580 respondents from 22 states in the five geographic regions of the country, in the period between 2006 and 2017. The results indicate a predominance of studies addressing the individual variables, for the gender, and among the situational variables, it is stood ut  by its frequency the Professional Code of Ethics of the Accountant - CEPC. Regarding the variables influence in the ethical decision, in the set of studies analyzed, the individual variables obtained mixed results, except for ethical education, which presented a consensus about its positive influence. The meta-analysis indicated a statistically significant relationship of the situational variable CEPC with the ethical decision-making.  The components of the moral intensity variable of the ethical question as a field in expansion and with consistent results are also noteworthy. Keywords: Professional Ethics. Intermediate Variables. Meta-Analysis.

scholarly journals The Radical Right in Western Europe: A Meta-Analysis of Structural Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkarim Amengay ◽  
Daniel Stockemer
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Vote Share ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
The Relationship

In this meta-analysis, we summarize the results of 48 peer-reviewed articles on the radical right-wing vote in Western Europe. These results come from 48 peer-reviewed articles published from January 1990 until October 2017. We use the following inclusion criteria, the selected articles must focus on Western Europe, they must have the vote share of one or several radical right-wing parties as the dependent variable, and at least one structural variable as the independent variable. We find that more than 20 different structural variables have been tested. Most of them, like unemployment, reflect mitigate results in explaining the electoral support for radical right-wing parties. For others, like immigration, the statistical significance and direction of the relationship seem to be highly dependent on the type of proxies used. In fact, only a few variables, such as crime rates and the district magnitude seem to have a consistent effect on the vote share for radical right-wing parties.

Development of a German-Language Questionnaire to Measure Collective Orientation as an Individual Attitude

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
German Language ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Collective Orientation ◽  
Team Research ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. The individual attitudes of every single team member are important for team performance. Studies show that each team member’s collective orientation – that is, propensity to work in a collective manner in team settings – enhances the team’s interdependent teamwork. In the German-speaking countries, there was previously no instrument to measure collective orientation. So, I developed and validated a German-language instrument to measure collective orientation. In three studies (N = 1028), I tested the validity of the instrument in terms of its internal structure and relationships with other variables. The results confirm the reliability and validity of the instrument. The instrument also predicts team performance in terms of interdependent teamwork. I discuss differences in established individual variables in team research and the role of collective orientation in teams. In future research, the instrument can be applied to diagnose teamwork deficiencies and evaluate interventions for developing team members’ collective orientation.

The Orchard Plot: Cultivating a Forest Plot for Use in Ecology, Evolution and Beyond

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Nakagawa ◽  
Malgorzata Lagisz ◽  
Rose E O'Dea ◽  
Joanna Rutkowska ◽  
Yefeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
R Package ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Point Estimates ◽  
Aggregate Effect ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Heterogeneous Effect ◽  
Intuitive Interpretation

‘Classic’ forest plots show the effect sizes from individual studies and the aggregate effect from a meta-analysis. However, in ecology and evolution meta-analyses routinely contain over 100 effect sizes, making the classic forest plot of limited use. We surveyed 102 meta-analyses in ecology and evolution, finding that only 11% use the classic forest plot. Instead, most used a ‘forest-like plot’, showing point estimates (with 95% confidence intervals; CIs) from a series of subgroups or categories in a meta-regression. We propose a modification of the forest-like plot, which we name the ‘orchard plot’. Orchard plots, in addition to showing overall mean effects and CIs from meta-analyses/regressions, also includes 95% prediction intervals (PIs), and the individual effect sizes scaled by their precision. The PI allows the user and reader to see the range in which an effect size from a future study may be expected to fall. The PI, therefore, provides an intuitive interpretation of any heterogeneity in the data. Supplementing the PI, the inclusion of underlying effect sizes also allows the user to see any influential or outlying effect sizes. We showcase the orchard plot with example datasets from ecology and evolution, using the R package, orchard, including several functions for visualizing meta-analytic data using forest-plot derivatives. We consider the orchard plot as a variant on the classic forest plot, cultivated to the needs of meta-analysts in ecology and evolution. Hopefully, the orchard plot will prove fruitful for visualizing large collections of heterogeneous effect sizes regardless of the field of study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document