Innovations, Fragility and Complexity: Understanding the Power of Finance

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Nesvetailova
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural Power ◽  
Complex Network Theory ◽  
Ecological Habitat ◽  
The One ◽  
Financial Ecology ◽  
Complex Habitat

This article examines financial innovation as a source of structural power of finance originally identified by Susan Strange. I build a synthesis based on complex network theory and the field of evolutionary finance which yields a conception of finance as a complex ecological habitat. On the one hand, the interaction between various entities inhabiting the financial system endows this complex habitat with a tangible degree of autonomy vis-à-vis politics, society and economy. On the other hand, the evolutionary process guiding this financial ecology is built on complexity and innovation and hence is fragile. The structural power of finance today, therefore, is necessarily twofold: it manifests the effects of the endeavours (intentional and otherwise) of financial agents; crucially, it also rests on the seemingly boundless ability of the financial system to adapt, change and evolve.

scholarly journals Transformation of the Banking Sector of Ukraine: Reasons and Consequences

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Myroslava Khutorna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
The Real ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

This paper is devoted to the consideration of the preconditions and results of the banking sector of Ukraine transforming, its influence on the sector’s productivity, stability and significance for the real economy. It’s grounded that banking sector of Ukraine has seriously weakened its potential for the economic development stimulation. On the one hand, due to the banking sector clearance from the bad and unscrupulous banks the system has become much more sensitive to the monetary instruments and its state is going to be more predictable and better controlled. But on the other hand, massive banks’ liquidations have caused the worsening of the confidence in financial system and radical increasing of the market concentration the highest degree of which is observed in the householders’ deposit market.

scholarly journals Why did it not work? Reflections on regulating Airbnb and the complexity and agency of platform capitalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
Christian Smigiel
Keyword(s):  
Urban Studies ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Structural Power ◽  
Mobile Capital ◽  
Urban Institution ◽  
The One

Abstract. This article deals with one of the most controversial topics in urban studies related to mobile capital and mobile people. At first glance this seems to be contradictory since numbers of short-term rentals have decreased dramatically due to the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. However, this paper is not about numbers and statistics. Instead it discusses structural issues regarding governance and power relations which remain important topics (especially) in times of crisis. It provides insights regarding the following issues: firstly, it deconstructs different “myths” that still surround short-term rentals and Airbnb and secondly, it delineates the structural power of Airbnb as a new urban institution. This helps us to understand some of the conflicts over Airbnb and the pitfalls with current forms of regulation on the one side as well as showing the complexity and agency of short-term rentals on the other.

scholarly journals INTERMEDIATION IN FINANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1727-1730
Author(s):  
Redon Koleci
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Financial Intermediaries ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Key Participants

Financial institutions are financial intermediaries in the process of transferring financial funds between participants in the financial system. The key participants in the financial system are: individuals, businesses, financial intermediaries and the government.Money holders are interested in investing their savings in earning income. As compensation for this, they earn profits in various forms, such as interests, dividends, capital gains, etc. Also, borrowers need additional financial funds to finance their investment or consumption programs. They are obliged to borrow those funds from financial institutions. For lending funds they pay a certain lender's price.With the intermediation of financial institutions, it is possible to transfer financial funds from entities that have surplus to entities lacking financial funds and at the same time need to be provided from external investment or consumption sources, if the accumulation of sufficient financial resources from own resources.The essence of financial intermediation lies in the collection of financial funds from many individuals and businesses that own financial savings, and their investment in various forms. With the disclosure of the financial intermediation process, we note its multidimensional aspect, on the one hand, as a pool of financial funds in various forms and their concentration, while on the other hand, as investment of shelled funds through various forms of loans to borrowers who need funding.

Applications of Actor-Network Theory in Media Studies

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Markus Spöhrer
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
International Research ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Production Studies ◽  
The One

The chapter offers an international research overview of the possibilities and problems of applying Actor-Network Theory in Media Studies and media related research. On the one hand the chapter provides a summary of the central aspects and terminologies of Bruno Latour's, Michel Callon's and John Law's corpus of texts. On the other hand, it summarizes both theoretical and methodological implications of the combination of Actor-Network Theory and strands of Media Studies research such as discourse analysis, Production Studies and media theory.

Fostering Imagined Economies on Twitter

2022 ◽  
pp. 589-614
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Luise ◽  
Patrizio Lodetti
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Mixed Method Approach ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
The One ◽  
Method Approach ◽  
Exploratory Strategy

Startups are entrepreneurial organisations that aim to develop a scalable and disruptive business. However, these small ventures operate in an environment of extreme uncertainty. The startup economy takes place in the present but is directed towards the future. This chapter critically investigates in online and offline realms the circulation of imagined futures that create causal links to bridge the gap between the present economic scenario and potential futures in the Italian startup food economy. This work adopted a mixed-method approach framed in a qualitative exploratory strategy which was designed to integrate qualitative techniques and digital methods. This work concludes by highlighting the co-evolutionary process between online and offline realms. On the one hand, online narratives allow economic actors to perform in radical uncertain economic contexts, while, on the other hand, the offline practices give legitimacy and credibility to these potential future scenarios.

The Boundary of Animality

10.1068/d359t ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Christian Risan
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Computer Interactions ◽  
Generalized Symmetry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anthropological Fieldwork ◽  
The One

In this paper I explore some limits of the generalized symmetry of actor-network theory. The paper is based on a study on cows, farming technology, and farming science, and is empirically based on an anthropological fieldwork in modern, computerized cowsheds. By exploring differences in interactions between human beings and cows, on the one hand, and between human beings and computers, on the other, I argue that the partly common natural history of human beings and cows, and the lack of such a history in human–computer interactions, makes it impossible to be agnostic about where to find subjectivity in such a place as a cowshed. Animal bodies (including human beings) demand certain kinds of interactions, and thus produce certain distributions of subjectivities. The boundary of animality is not a purely ‘cultural’ distinction, and cannot be deconstructed as such.

scholarly journals Competition and the evolution of imperfect mimicry

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Pfennig ◽  
David W. Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Batesian Mimicry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Interacting Species ◽  
The One ◽  
Imperfect Mimicry

Abstract Mimicry is widely used to exemplify natural selection’s power in promoting adaptation. Nonetheless, it has become increasingly clear that mimicry is frequently imprecise. Indeed, the phenotypic match is often poor between mimics and models in many Batesian mimicry complexes and among co-mimics in many Müllerian mimicry complexes. Here, we consider whether such imperfect mimicry represents an evolutionary compromise between predator-mediated selection favoring mimetic convergence on the one hand and competitively mediated selection favoring divergence on the other hand. Specifically, for mimicry to be effective, mimics and their models/co-mimics should occur together. Yet, co-occurring species that are phenotypically similar often compete for resources, successful reproduction, or both. As an adaptive response to minimize such costly interactions, interacting species may diverge phenotypically through an evolutionary process known as character displacement. Such divergence between mimics and their models/co-mimics may thereby result in imperfect mimicry. We review the various ways in which character displacement could promote imprecise mimicry, describe the conditions under which this process may be especially likely to produce imperfect mimicry, examine a possible case study, and discuss avenues for future research. Generally, character displacement may play an underappreciated role in fostering inexact mimicry.

Applying Actor-Network Theory in Media Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Markus Spöhrer
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
International Research ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Production Studies ◽  
The One

The chapter offers an international research overview of the possibilities and problems of applying actor-network theory in media studies and media-related research. On the one hand, the chapter provides a summary of the central aspects and terminologies of Bruno Latour's, Michel Callon's and John Law's corpus of texts. On the other hand, it summarizes both theoretical and methodological implications of the combination of actor-network theory and strands of media studies research such as discourse analysis, production studies, and media theory.

scholarly journals Controlar y reformar: la visita al consejo de hacienda de Lope De Los Ríos (1664-1667) = Control and Reform: The Visit to Lope de los Ríos’ the Finances Council (1664-1667).

2017 ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Milán Coronado
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Xvith Century ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

La situación de déficit financiero que atravesaba la Monarquía y la mala administración del fisco regio hicieron necesario que desde el siglo XVI se pusieran en marcha visitas al Consejo de Hacienda. El objetivo de las mismas era evitar y corregir posibles fraudes cometidos por parte de los oficiales, introducir reformas para mejorar el sistema financiero, la gestión de la administración y la reducción de costes, todo ello con el fin último de incrementar los ingresos de la Real Hacienda. Los resultados de la visita que Lope de los Ríos realiza al Consejo de Hacienda entre 1664 a 1667 cuestionaron, por un lado las labores de “buen gobierno” por parte de algunos oficiales regios y la eficacia de las visitas anteriores, y por otro lado, muestran la existencia de relaciones interpersonales entre los hombres de negocios y asentistas, además de los conflictos suscitados por el Consejo de Hacienda al rechazar ser sometido al control del Consejo de Castilla. AbstractThe deficit situation that the Monarchy was going through and the bad administration of the Royal Treasury made it necessary to put a visit to the Finances Council into action since the XVIth century. The objective of this was to avoid and to correct tax evasions from officers; to introduce reforms improving the financial system, the administration management and the cost reduction; and with that, to increase profits to the Royal Treasury. The results of the Lope de los Ríos’ visit to the Finances Council between 1664 and 1667, on the one hand, question the duties of a “bad administration” by some royal officers and the efficacy of these visits in certain occasions and, on the other hand, show the existence of interpersonal relationships between the businessmen and the contractors, in addition to the conflicts raised by the Council of Finance to reject to be subjected to review by the Council of Castile.

Liberalism, Unintended Orders and Evolutionism

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Frankel Paul
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Great Society ◽  
Individual Liberty ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Herbert Spencer ◽  
The One

There is something gravely amiss about a liberalism based upon evolutionism, as F. A. Hayek bases his endorsement of the free, open, or ‘Great Society’. Such a society—one based upon individual liberty, autonomy, and free-market institutions —is not guaranteed by the evolutionary process, as Hayek's own indictment of twentieth-century totalitarianism in The Road to Serfdom amply demonstrated. In the first section of this paper, I explore some of the pitfalls for a liberalism grounded on evolutionary foundations: a relucance to tamper with existing institutions which borders on traditionalism; a tension between individualism and holism, the latter born of an evolutionist's concern for the survival of the group; and a relativism derived from evolutionism which seems ill-suited to a liberalism which values freedom. The last two sections of the paper examine some striking connections between Hayek's liberalism and that of William Graham Sumner and Herbert Spencer. While there are important differences between Hayek's and Sumner's positions, on the one hand, and Spencer's, on the other, all three suffer from a common problem: their liberalism sits uneasily upon evolutionary foundations.

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