scholarly journals On the existence of non-hyperbolic ergodic measures as the limit of periodic measures

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2932-2967 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN BONATTI ◽  
JINHUA ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Dense Subset ◽  
Ergodic Measure ◽  
Compact Set ◽  
List Type ◽  
Hyperbolic Diffeomorphisms ◽  
Shadowing Lemma ◽  
Single Orbit ◽  
Ergodic Measures

Gorodetski et al. [Nonremovability of zero Lyapunov exponents. Funktsional. Anal. i Prilozhen. 39(1) (2005), 27–38 (in Russian); Engl. Transl. Funct. Anal. Appl. 39(1) (2005), 21–30] and Bochi et al. [Robust criterion for the existence of nonhyperbolic ergodic measures. Comm. Math. Phys. 344(3) (2016), 751–795] propose two very different ways for building non-hyperbolic measures, Gorodetski et al. (2005) building such a measure as the limit of periodic measures and Bochi et al. (2016) as the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$ -limit set of a single orbit, with a uniformly vanishing Lyapunov exponent. The technique in Gorodetski et al. (2005) has been used in a generic setting in Bonatti et al. [Non-hyperbolic ergodic measures with large support. Nonlinearity 23(3) (2010), 687–705] and Díaz and Gorodetski [Non-hyperbolic ergodic measures for non-hyperbolic homoclinic classes. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 29(5) (2009), 1479–1513], as the periodic orbits were built by small perturbations. It is not known if the measures obtained by the technique in Bochi et al. (2016) are accumulated by periodic measures. In this paper we use a shadowing lemma from Gan [A generalized shadowing lemma. Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 8(3) (2002), 527–632]: ∙for getting the periodic orbits in Gorodetski et al. (2005) without perturbing the dynamics;∙for recovering the compact set in Bochi et al. (2016) with a uniformly vanishing Lyapunov exponent by considering the limit of periodic orbits. As a consequence, we prove that there exists an open and dense subset ${\mathcal{U}}$ of the set of robustly transitive non-hyperbolic diffeomorphisms far from homoclinic tangencies, such that for any $f\in {\mathcal{U}}$ , there exists a non-hyperbolic ergodic measure with full support and approximated by hyperbolic periodic measures. We also prove that there exists an open and dense subset ${\mathcal{V}}$ of the set of diffeomorphisms exhibiting a robust cycle, such that for any $f\in {\mathcal{V}}$ , there exists a non-hyperbolic ergodic measure approximated by hyperbolic periodic measures.

scholarly journals Weak* and entropy approximation of nonhyperbolic measures: a geometrical approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 169 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
LORENZO J. DÍAZ ◽  
KATRIN GELFERT ◽  
BRUNO SANTIAGO
Keyword(s):  
Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Dense Subset ◽  
Ergodic Measure ◽  
Convex Hulls ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Important Class ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Central Bundle ◽  
Partially Hyperbolic ◽  
Basic Sets

AbstractWe study C1-robustly transitive and nonhyperbolic diffeomorphisms having a partially hyperbolic splitting with one-dimensional central bundle whose strong un-/stable foliations are both minimal. In dimension 3, an important class of examples of such systems is given by those with a simple closed periodic curve tangent to the central bundle. We prove that there is a C1-open and dense subset of such diffeomorphisms such that every nonhyperbolic ergodic measure (i.e. with zero central exponent) can be approximated in the weak* topology and in entropy by measures supported in basic sets with positive (negative) central Lyapunov exponent. Our method also allows to show how entropy changes across measures with central Lyapunov exponent close to zero. We also prove that any nonhyperbolic ergodic measure is in the intersection of the convex hulls of the measures with positive central exponent and with negative central exponent.

scholarly journals Measure-theoretic chaos

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOMASZ DOWNAROWICZ ◽  
YVES LACROIX
Keyword(s):  
Ergodic Measure ◽  
Uniform Measure ◽  
Ergodic System ◽  
Topological System ◽  
Ergodic Measures ◽  
Topological Chaos ◽  
Probability Spaces ◽  
Entropy Zero ◽  
Standard Probability

AbstractWe define new isomorphism invariants for ergodic measure-preserving systems on standard probability spaces, called measure-theoretic chaos and measure-theoretic$^+$ chaos. These notions are analogs of the topological chaos DC2 and its slightly stronger version (which we denote by $\text {DC}1\frac 12$). We prove that: (1) if a topological system is measure-theoretically (measure-theoretically$^+$) chaotic with respect to at least one of its ergodic measures then it is topologically DC2 $(\text {DC}1\frac 12)$ chaotic; (2) every ergodic system with positive Kolmogorov–Sinai entropy is measure-theoretically$^+$ chaotic (even in a slightly stronger uniform sense). We provide an example showing that the latter statement cannot be reversed, that is, of a system of entropy zero with uniform measure-theoretic$^+$chaos.

scholarly journals -openness of non-uniform hyperbolic diffeomorphisms with bounded -norm

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 3078-3104
Author(s):  
CHAO LIANG ◽  
KARINA MARIN ◽  
JIAGANG YANG
Keyword(s):  
Lyapunov Exponents ◽  
Dense Subset ◽  
Topological Properties ◽  
Hyperbolic Diffeomorphisms ◽  
Uniform Hyperbolicity ◽  
Partially Hyperbolic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Bounded Norm ◽  
Volume Preserving

We study the $C^{1}$-topological properties of the subset of non-uniform hyperbolic diffeomorphisms in a certain class of $C^{2}$ partially hyperbolic symplectic systems which have bounded $C^{2}$ distance to the identity. In this set, we prove the stability of non-uniform hyperbolicity as a function of the diffeomorphism and the measure, and the existence of an open and dense subset of continuity points for the center Lyapunov exponents. These results are generalized to the volume-preserving context.

scholarly journals The Menger and projective Menger properties of function spaces with the set-open topology

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Osipov
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Hausdorff Space ◽  
Dense Subset ◽  
Continuous Functions ◽  
Function Spaces ◽  
List Type ◽  
Finite Sets ◽  
Tychonoff Space ◽  
Menger Space

Abstract For a Tychonoff space X and a family λ of subsets of X, we denote by Cλ(X) the space of all real-valued continuous functions on X with the set-open topology. A Menger space is a topological space in which for every sequence of open covers 𝓤1, 𝓤2, … of the space there are finite sets 𝓕1 ⊂ 𝓤1, 𝓕2 ⊂ 𝓤2, … such that family 𝓕1 ∪ 𝓕2 ∪ … covers the space. In this paper, we study the Menger and projective Menger properties of a Hausdorff space Cλ(X). Our main results state that Cλ(X) is Menger if and only if Cλ(X) is σ-compact; Cp(Y | X) is projective Menger if and only if Cp(Y | X) is σ-pseudocompact where Y is a dense subset of X.

Entropy of general diffeomorphisms on line

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
BAOLIN HE
Keyword(s):  
Topological Entropy ◽  
Real Line ◽  
Dense Subset ◽  
The Real ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Hyperbolic Diffeomorphisms ◽  
On Line ◽  
Real Analytic

We study the continuity of topological entropy of general diffeomorphisms on line. First, we prove that the entropy map is continuous with respect to the strong $C^{0}$ -topology on the union of uniformly topologically hyperbolic diffeomorphisms contained in $\text{Diff}_{0}^{r}(\mathbb{R})$ (whose first derivative is uniformly away from zero), which is a $C^{0}$ -open and $C^{r}$ -dense subset of $\text{Diff}_{0}^{r}(\mathbb{R})$ , $r=1,2,\ldots ,\infty$ , and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$ (real analytic). Second, we give some examples where entropy map is not continuous. Finally, we prove some results on the continuity of entropy of general diffeomorphisms on the (real) line.

Entropy of snakes and the restricted variational principle

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-802
Author(s):  
M. Misiurewicz ◽  
J. Tolosa
Keyword(s):  
Variational Principle ◽  
Periodic Orbit ◽  
Topological Entropy ◽  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Symmetric Case ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Interval Maps ◽  
Interval Map ◽  
Ergodic Measures

AbstractFor interval maps, we define the entropy of a periodic orbit as the smallest topological entropy of a continuous interval map having this orbit. We consider the problem of computing the limit entropy of longer and longer periodic orbits with the same ‘pattern’ repeated over and over (one example of such orbits is what we call ‘snakes’). We get an answer in the form of a variational principle, where the supremum of metric entropies is taken only over those ergodic measures for which the integral of a certain function is zero. In a symmetric case, this gives a very easy method of computing this limit entropy. We briefly discuss applications to topological entropy of countable chains.

scholarly journals The error term in the prime orbit theorem for expanding semiflows

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1954-2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASATO TSUJII
Keyword(s):  
Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Asymptotic Formula ◽  
Topological Entropy ◽  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Error Term ◽  
Maximal Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Roof Function

We consider suspension semiflows of angle-multiplying maps on the circle and study the distributions of periods of their periodic orbits. Under generic conditions on the roof function, we give an asymptotic formula on the number $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}(T)$ of prime periodic orbits with period $\leq T$. The error term is bounded, at least, by $$\begin{eqnarray}\exp \biggl(\biggl(1-\frac{1}{4\lceil \unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{\text{max}}/h_{\text{top}}\rceil }+\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}\biggr)h_{\text{top}}\cdot T\biggr)\quad \text{in the limit }T\rightarrow \infty\end{eqnarray}$$ for arbitrarily small $\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}>0$, where $h_{\text{top}}$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{\text{max}}$ are, respectively, the topological entropy and the maximal Lyapunov exponent of the semiflow.

MINIMALITY OF STRONG STABLE AND UNSTABLE FOLIATIONS FOR PARTIALLY HYPERBOLIC DIFFEOMORPHISMS

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Bonatti ◽  
Lorenzo J. Díaz ◽  
Raúl Ures
Keyword(s):  
Dense Subset ◽  
Subject Classification ◽  
Compact Leaf ◽  
Unstable Foliation ◽  
Stable Foliation ◽  
Hyperbolic Diffeomorphisms ◽  
Primary 37D25 ◽  
Partially Hyperbolic ◽  
Partially Hyperbolic Diffeomorphisms ◽  
Homoclinic Tangencies

We give a topological criterion for the minimality of the strong unstable (or stable) foliation of robustly transitive partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms.As a consequence we prove that, for $3$-manifolds, there is an open and dense subset of robustly transitive diffeomorphisms (far from homoclinic tangencies) such that either the strong stable or the strong unstable foliation is robustly minimal.We also give a topological condition (existence of a central periodic compact leaf) guaranteeing (for an open and dense subset) the simultaneous minimality of the two strong foliations.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 37D25; 37C70; 37C20; 37C29

scholarly journals Relative equilibrium states and class degree

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-888
Author(s):  
MAHSA ALLAHBAKHSHI ◽  
JOHN ANTONIOLI ◽  
JISANG YOO
Keyword(s):  
Finite Type ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Relative Equilibrium ◽  
Ergodic Measure ◽  
Equilibrium States ◽  
Shift Of Finite Type ◽  
Sofic Shift ◽  
Ergodic Measures ◽  
Factor Code ◽  
Special Case

Given a factor code $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}$ from a shift of finite type $X$ onto a sofic shift $Y$, an ergodic measure $\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}$ on $Y$, and a function $V$ on $X$ with sufficient regularity, we prove an invariant upper bound on the number of ergodic measures on $X$ which project to $\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}$ and maximize the measure pressure $h(\unicode[STIX]{x1D707})+\int V\,d\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ among all measures in the fiber $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}^{-1}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D708})$. If $\unicode[STIX]{x1D708}$ is fully supported, this bound is the class degree of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}$. This generalizes a previous result for the special case of $V=0$ and thus settles a conjecture raised by Allahbakhshi and Quas.

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