scholarly journals On density of ergodic measures and generic points

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1745-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATRIN GELFERT ◽  
DOMINIK KWIETNIAK
Keyword(s):  
Invariant Measures ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Geodesic Flows ◽  
Generic Point ◽  
Negatively Curved ◽  
Ergodic Measures ◽  
Compact Case ◽  
Coded Systems ◽  
Generic Points

We introduce two properties of dynamical systems on Polish metric spaces: closeability and linkability. We show that they imply density of ergodic measures in the space of invariant probability measures and the existence of a generic point for every invariant measure. In the compact case, it follows from our conditions that the set of invariant measures is either a singleton of a measure concentrated on a periodic orbit or the Poulsen simplex. We provide examples showing that closability and linkability are independent properties. Our theory applies to systems with the periodic specification property, irreducible Markov chains over a countable alphabet, certain coded systems including $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}$-shifts and $S$-gap shifts, $C^{1}$-generic diffeomorphisms of a compact manifold $M$ and certain geodesic flows of a complete connected negatively curved manifold.

Time-preserving conjugacies of geodesic flows

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Hamenstädt
Keyword(s):  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Universal Covering ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Geodesic Flows ◽  
Ideal Boundary ◽  
Negatively Curved ◽  
Unit Tangent Bundle ◽  
Borel Probability ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractIn this note we study Borel-probability measures on the unit tangent bundle ofa compact negatively curved manifold M that are invariant under the geodesic flow. We interpret the entropy of such a measure as a Hausdorff dimension with respect to a natural family of distances on the ideal boundary of the universal covering of M. This in term yields necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of time preserving conjugacies of geodesic flows.

scholarly journals Physical measures of discretizations of generic diffeomorphisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1422-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERRE-ANTOINE GUIHÉNEUF
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Invariant Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spatial Discretization ◽  
Generic Point ◽  
Physical Measures ◽  
Generic Points ◽  
Ergodic Behaviour

What is the ergodic behaviour of numerically computed segments of orbits of a diffeomorphism? In this paper, we try to answer this question for a generic conservative $C^{1}$-diffeomorphism and segments of orbits of Baire-generic points. The numerical truncation is modelled by a spatial discretization. Our main result states that the uniform measures on the computed segments of orbits, starting from a generic point, accumulate on the whole set of measures that are invariant under the diffeomorphism. In particular, unlike what could be expected naively, such numerical experiments do not see the physical measures (or, more precisely, cannot distinguish physical measures from the other invariant measures).

scholarly journals Dynamics of Systems with a Discontinuous Hysteresis Operator and Interval Translation Maps

Axioms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Sergey Kryzhevich ◽  
Viktor Avrutin ◽  
Nikita Begun ◽  
Dmitrii Rachinskii ◽  
Khosro Tajbakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Invariant Measure ◽  
Invariant Measures ◽  
Interval Exchange ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Closing Lemma ◽  
Symbolic Model ◽  
Metric Properties ◽  
Ergodic Measures ◽  
Maximal Invariant

We studied topological and metric properties of the so-called interval translation maps (ITMs). For these maps, we introduced the maximal invariant measure and demonstrated that an ITM, endowed with such a measure, is metrically conjugated to an interval exchange map (IEM). This allowed us to extend some properties of IEMs (e.g., an estimate of the number of ergodic measures and the minimality of the symbolic model) to ITMs. Further, we proved a version of the closing lemma and studied how the invariant measures depend on the parameters of the system. These results were illustrated by a simple example or a risk management model where interval translation maps appear naturally.

scholarly journals On the number of ergodic measures for minimal shifts with eventually constant complexity growth

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2099-2130
Author(s):  
MICHAEL DAMRON ◽  
JON FICKENSCHER
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Dynamics ◽  
Explicit Description ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Bounded Number ◽  
Ergodic Measures ◽  
The One ◽  
Constant Growth ◽  
Block Growth ◽  
Linear Block

In 1985, Boshernitzan showed that a minimal (sub)shift satisfying a linear block growth condition must have a bounded number of ergodic probability measures. Recently, this bound was shown to be sharp through examples constructed by Cyr and Kra. In this paper, we show that under the stronger assumption of eventually constant growth, an improved bound exists. To this end, we introduce special Rauzy graphs. Variants of the well-known Rauzy graphs from symbolic dynamics, these graphs provide an explicit description of how a Rauzy graph for words of length $n$ relates to the one for words of length $n+1$ for each $n=1,2,3,\ldots \,$.

scholarly journals Approximate solutions of cohomological equations associated with some Anosov flows

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Katok
Keyword(s):  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
Geodesic Flows ◽  
Curved Surfaces ◽  
Anosov Flow ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Negatively Curved ◽  
Anosov Flows ◽  
Higher Differentiability ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Cohomological Equations

AbstractThe Livshitz theorem reported in 1971 asserts that any C1 function having zero integrals over all periodic orbits of a topologically transitive Anosov flow is a derivative of another C1 function in the direction of the flow. Similar results for functions of higher differentiability have also appeared since. In this paper we prove a ‘finite version’ of the Livshitz theorem for a certain class of Anosov flows on 3-dimensional manifolds which include geodesic flows on negatively curved surfaces as a special case.

scholarly journals Fixed point theorems for metric spaces with a conical geodesic bicombing

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1642-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIULIANO BASSO
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Fixed Points ◽  
Banach Spaces ◽  
Existence Result ◽  
Fixed Point Theorems ◽  
Metric Spaces ◽  
Probability Measures

We derive two fixed point theorems for a class of metric spaces that includes all Banach spaces and all complete Busemann spaces. We obtain our results by the use of a $1$-Lipschitz barycenter construction and an existence result for invariant Radon probability measures. Furthermore, we construct a bounded complete Busemann space that admits an isometry without fixed points.

scholarly journals Order-Invariant Measures on Fixed Causal Sets

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRAHAM BRIGHTWELL ◽  
MALWINA LUCZAK
Keyword(s):  
Linear Extension ◽  
Invariant Measures ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Order Type ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Causal Sets ◽  
Natural Extensions ◽  
Countably Infinite ◽  
Order Invariant

A causal set is a countably infinite poset in which every element is above finitely many others; causal sets are exactly the posets that have a linear extension with the order-type of the natural numbers; we call such a linear extension a natural extension. We study probability measures on the set of natural extensions of a causal set, especially those measures having the property of order-invariance: if we condition on the set of the bottom k elements of the natural extension, each feasible ordering among these k elements is equally likely. We give sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of an order-invariant measure on the set of natural extensions of a causal set.

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