A “Body of Business Makers”: The Detroit Housewives League, Black Women Entrepreneurs, and the Rise of Detroit’s African American Business Community

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
KENDRA D. BOYD
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Black Business ◽  
Business Community ◽  
American Business ◽  
Business Research ◽  
Business Leadership ◽  
Consumer Movements ◽  
The City ◽  
Women's Club Movement

This article examines the Detroit Housewives League (DHL) in the 1930s and 1940s, concentrating on DHL members’ actions as businesswomen. Past narratives have framed the DHL as an extension of the black women’s club movement or as part of the women-driven consumer movements of the 1930s and 1940s, particularly highlighting the organization’s philosophies on black women’s purchasing power. I argue that entrepreneurial DHL women brought prior business knowledge to their organizing and were significant business experts and leaders. By conducting business research, forging community networks, and, significantly, establishing commercial colleges and other forms of business education in the city, DHL members’ work was vital for the black business community as a whole and for women entrepreneurs in particular. In reframing the DHL as an organization established by black entrepreneurial women, I suggest scholars should reevaluate black women’s contributions to other forms of activism in order to recover additional histories of black women’s entrepreneurship and business leadership.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Black Business ◽  
Business Community ◽  
First Century ◽  
American Business ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
African American Population ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Black Metropolis

The editors provide a historic overview of African American entrepreneurship in Chicago. Beginning with the pioneering entrepreneurial exploits of Jean Baptiste Point Du Sable, persons of African descent have long engaged in commercial activities in the Windy City. Early on, during the nineteenth century, most black Chicago businesspersons featured whites as their primary clients. Yet, because the twentieth century featured a simultaneous rise in both the city’s African American population and white antagonism toward blacks, a new breed of black entrepreneur emerged that focused upon serving the needs of a perceived “Black Metropolis.” This ultimately resulted in Chicago’s primacy as a center of black business activity. However, in the early twenty-first century, due to a variety of circumstances, Chicago’s African American business community has diminished.

scholarly journals Spreading of Food Deserts in Time and Space: The Case of the City of Nitra (Slovakia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7138
Author(s):  
Miroslava Trembošová ◽  
Imrich Jakab
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Food Deserts ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Food Desert ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Time Availability ◽  
The City

The aim of the article is to evaluate the time availability of food stores for the population permanently residing in the city of Nitra (Slovakia). Parts of the city where poor accessibility has been identified can be described as “food deserts”. In the last two decades, there have been dramatic changes in the retail network in Nitra, as well as extensive housing construction and an aging change in the demographic structure. Therefore, we evaluated the years 2008 and 2019 separately. This made it possible to evaluate the changes in time availability and the number of inhabitants located in individual zones. During the years 2008–2019, the residential zones of the city of Nitra increased by 43.86%, the area of food desert increased by up to 68.78%, and the number of inhabitants endangered by the food desert increased by 1100 residents, i.e., 23.9%. In 2008, 5.51% of Nitra’s residents lived in the food deserts, in approximately twelve years this percentage increased to 7.45% of the population (2019). The proximity to the nearest grocery was in Nitra in 2008 median 504 m, while in 2019 median 623 m. Evaluating the time availability of grocery stores and identifying so-called “food deserts” can be interesting for both the city’s residents and the business community, especially for potential developers. It can also be used effectively in the spatial planning process and in the rational management of complex territorial development, as well as in local politics. Given the character of the city of Nitra, it can be assumed that the acquired knowledge can be extrapolated to other post-socialist cities of a similar size and hierarchical level.

The Black Businessman in the Postwar South: North Carolina, 1865–1880

1989 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Kenzer
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Credit Ratings ◽  
Black Business ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Business History ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Economic Opportunities

This article uses the R. G. Dun and Company credit ratings to analyze North Carolina black businessmen and their firms in the fifteen years following the Civil War. When combined with data in local histories and in the federal census, the credit ratings reveal how the postbellum black business community, especially the mulatto population, was significantly shaped by antebellum emancipation. Blacks who shared the advantage of prewar freedom employed their superior financial resources and business experience to dominate their local economies after the war. Further, both as individuals and collectively, blacks used their newly acquired political power to foster economic opportunities in ways hitherto unrecognized by both political and business history scholars.

scholarly journals A Study on the Problems and Prospects of Women Entrepreneurs with Special Reference to Guwahati City

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 409-418
Author(s):  
Priyanka Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Work Conflict ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Status ◽  
Guwahati City ◽  
The City

Women entrepreneur is a person who accepts challenging role to meet her personal needs and become economically independent. Entrepreneurship is an economic activity that involves designing, launching and running a new business enterprise in order to earn the profit by fully and efficiently utilizing the resources.The present paper tries to highlight the problems and prospects of women entrepreneurs with special reference to Guwahati city and makes analysis on the basis of the following criteria viz,age of the respondents, marital status of the respondents, educational qualification,years of experience,type of family,caste of the respondents,reason to start the business,motivation to start the business, marketing and financial problems faced by the women entrepreneurs, family-work conflict,production constraint faced by the women entrepreneurs, steps to be undertaken for development of women entrepreneurs etc and for analysis the researcher has conducted its study on the basis of primary data where the information were collected through well framed questionnaire meant for women entrepreneurs and secondary sources like journals,books,articles,websites etc.The paper also present certain findings of the study and also provide certain suggestions for improving the status of women entrepreneurs in the city.

scholarly journals Delta Project, Towards a Sustainable Campus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Hugo ◽  
Felipe Espinoza ◽  
Ivetheyamel Morales ◽  
Elías Ortiz ◽  
Saúl Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
City Council ◽  
Business Community ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Living Lab ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Area Of Influence ◽  
External Actors ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

The University of Guayaquil, which shares the same name as the city where it is located, faces the challenge of transforming its image for the XXI century. It was deemed necessary to identify details about the urban evolution of the historic link with the city, in relation to the changes produced by the project’s siting and its direct area of influence. The goal is to integrate the main university campus within a framework which guarantees sustainability and allows innovation in the living lab. To achieve this, the action research method was applied, focused on participation and the logic framework. For the diagnosis, proposal, and management model, integrated working groups were organized with internal users such as professors, students, and university authorities, and external actors such as residents, the local business community, Guayaquil city council, and the Governorate of Guayas. As result of the diagnosis, six different analysis dimensions were established which correspond to the new urban agenda for the future campus: compactness, inclusiveness, resilience, sustainability, safety and participation. As a proposal, the urban design integrates the analysis dimensions whose financing and execution are given by the Town Hall, at the same time the Governorate integrates the campus with its network of community police headquarters.

Family businesses, working lives and civic activism

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-91
Author(s):  
Alice Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Business Elite ◽  
Civic Activism ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This chapter looks at the role of the business community and charts both the business and civic activity of members of the Belfast business elite. It gives overview of the economic and business culture in which the middle-classes lived and worked. Rather than an economic history of the city, it offers a people-centric view of the city and its economic environment. The focus is on three lesser-known business families of Belfast – the Workmans, Corrys and McCances. Particular attention is paid to the Workman and Corry businesses which together highlight the close-knit nature of the local economy, the interrelatedness of family businesses and the strong connections between industrialists in Belfast and their counterparts in Scotland. Like many of Belfast’s industrial elite, the Presbyterian Workman and Corry families moved to the up-and-coming town at the very beginning of the century to take advantage of the opportunities it had to offer. The first part of the chapter outlines these family businesses and the ways in which they were representative of the city’s business elite. The second part of the chapter discusses the civic activism in which these and other middle-class families engaged.

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