A Common Brotherhood for Their Mutual Benefit: Sir Charles Macara and Internationalism in the Cotton Industry, 1904–1914

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN E. ROBINS
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
Trade Associations ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
History Of ◽  
Collective Negotiations

Unlike their national counterparts, international trade associations are a little-studied aspect of the global economic system. Much of the literature on trade associations has focused on rent-seeking behavior, although theories of transaction costs and social capital have been gaining influence. This article uses the early history of the International Federation of Master Cotton Spinners’ and Manufacturers’ Associations (IFMCSMA), still operating today as the International Textile Manufacturers’ Federation, to test different explanations for the formation and persistence of international trade associations. The IFMCSMA case illustrates the challenges of rent-seeking on an international scale, and highlights the importance of social ties in building cooperation. Firms and individuals used the IFMCSMA to pursue reforms across the cotton textile industry and enjoyed some success in collective negotiations with other actors and organizations.

The Political Economy of Public-Private Compensation Differentials: The Case of Federal Pensions

1995 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee A. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Wage Differential ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Pension Plan ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Mandatory Retirement ◽  
Service Employees ◽  
Compensation Differentials ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

Numerous empirical studies indicate that, as a result of rent-seeking behavior, public-sector workers are overcompensated relative to their private-sector counterparts, with pensions representing part of the difference. I present a history of the Federal Employees Retirement Act of 1920 and show that rent seeking by federal workers cannot explain several features of the act. Instead, I argue that the act represented an optimal incentive contract between Congress and civil service employees in which civil servants accepted mandatory retirement and a compensating wage differential in exchange for the federal pension plan.

Applications of Nanotechnology for Textile Products: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Nemailal Tarafder
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Future Success ◽  
The Future ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Textile Products

The fundamentals of nanotechnology lie in the fact that the properties of materials drastically change when their dimensions are reduced to nanometer scale. Nanotextiles can be produced by a variety of methods. The use of nanotechnology in the textile industry has increased rapidly due to its unique and valuable properties. Changed or improved properties with nanotechnology can provide new or enhanced functionalities. Nanotechnology is a growing interdisciplinary technology and seen as a new industrial revolution. The future success of nanotechnology in textile applications lies in the areas where new principles will be combined into durable and multi-functional textile systems without compromising the inherent properties. The advances in nanotechnology have created enormous opportunities and challenges for the textile industry, including the cotton industry.

ACCOUNTING REPRESENTATION AND THE SLAVE TRADE: THE GUIDE DU COMMERCE OF GAIGNAT DE L'AULNAIS

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl S. McWatters ◽  
Yannick Lemarchand
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Real World ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
French Language ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Bear Witness ◽  
Language Literature

The Guide du commerce occupies a distinctive place in the French-language literature on accounting. Passed over by most specialists in the history of maritime trade and the slave trade, the manual has never been the subject of a documented historical study. The apparent realism of the examples, the luxury of details and their precision, all bear witness to a deep concern to go beyond a simple apprenticeship in bookkeeping. Promoting itself essentially as “un guide du commerce,” the volume offers strategic examples for small local businesses, as well as for those engaged in international trade. Yet, the realism also demonstrated the expertise of the author in the eyes of potential purchasers. Inspired by the work of Bottin [2001], we investigate the extent to which the manual reflects real-world practices and provides a faithful glimpse into the socio-economic context of the period. Two additional questions are discussed briefly in our conclusion. First, can the work of Gaignat constitute a source document for the history of la traite négrière? The second entails our early deliberations about the place of this volume in the history of the slave trade itself.

Pandemics

2018 ◽  
pp. 646-662
Author(s):  
Kathryn H. Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Global Action ◽  
History Of ◽  
Strategic Goals

This chapter discusses the history of and responses to global epidemics of serious diseases. Case studies of cholera, influenza, and HIV/AIDS illustrate typical reactions to pandemic events. The initial stages of a pandemic are often characterized by collective anxiety and a desire for isolation. As the pandemic progresses, there are calls for collective global responses to protect human security and contain outbreaks while maintaining international trade and travel. As pandemics enter a recovery phase, there is often a shift toward the use of advocacy to promote international cooperation, secure continued funding for global health activities, and advance other strategic goals. The rhetoric of pandemics is now being used to describe obesity and other emerging noncommunicable diseases because the language of pandemics connotes risk and demands global action. Pandemics are the result of global interactions and globalization processes, and studies of pandemics are, by definition, global studies.

Efficient rents 1 rent-seeking behavior in the long-run

Public Choice ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Corcoran ◽  
Gordon V. Karels
Keyword(s):  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Seeking Behavior

scholarly journals Depression and Behavioral Problems Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women Employees of the Textile Industry in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Angeline Gnanaselvam ◽  
Bobby Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Stress and depression are common in textile industry employees due to inadequate working conditions and challenging socioeconomic conditions. The objective of the study was to assess depression and mental health among adolescent and young females currently employed in a textile factory located in Tamil Nadu compared with past employees and women who have never been employed. This cross-sectional study included a total of 107 participants in each study group who were interviewed. The Patient Health Questionnaire–9 and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were administered to screen participants for depression and mental health. More current employees (16.82%) and past employees (15.88%) suffered from depression severe enough to require treatment compared with never employed girls and young women (2.8%). Of the study participants, 59.8% of current employees, 63.6% of past employees, and 32.7% of never employed women had mental health or behavior problems. In the regression model, history of abuse was significantly associated with depression. Participants who were current employees and reported family debt and a history of abuse were significantly more likely to have mental health or behavior problems. Mental health issues such as depression and behavior problems were more likely among adolescent girls currently employed in textile industries. Further studies into the causes of this phenomenon are needed.

Rent Seeking and International Trade in Agriculture

2002 ◽  
pp. 179-211
Author(s):  
Harry de Gorter ◽  
Gordon C. Rausser ◽  
Andrew Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Rent Seeking
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