Compensatory Application Provisions of Plant Protection Products to Protect Biodiversity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Alexander KOOF
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Plant Protection Product ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Federal Environmental Agency ◽  
German Federal Environmental Agency ◽  
German Federal Environmental ◽  
Environmental Agency

For the protection of biodiversity, the German Federal Environmental Agency (UBA) pursues the goal of establishing compensation areas to balance unavoidable indirect effects on nature and the environment caused by the application of plant protection products. Whether there is a legal basis for this within either European Union or national law is one of the most debated and pressing issues currently in the authorisation procedure for plant protection products in Germany. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive legal assessment of whether it is legally permissible to make plant protection product authorisations contingent to compensatory application provisions to protect biodiversity.

scholarly journals A COMPUTERIZED INFORMATION SYSTEM ON CRUDE OILS

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Michael Krutz ◽  
Hildegard Krutz
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Federal Environmental Agency ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Different Types ◽  
German Federal Environmental Agency ◽  
One Year ◽  
German Federal Environmental ◽  
Environmental Agency

ABSTRACT In cooperation with the German Federal Environmental Agency, a one-year investigation was made by the Institute for Water Research in Dortmund to collect physical and ecological information on 200 crude oil species. Data of primary interest were the composition of crude oils, the boiling points of their refinery fractions, their pour points, densities, viscosities, surface tensions, and flammabilities, and the dependence of these parameters on temperature and weathering. Biodegradability data and specification of cleanup methods for the different types of crude oils give efficient support to oil spill emergency authorities. For fast and easy retrieval, data are stored in an IBM 4341/3031 computer as a substructure of the already operational “Databank on Harmful Substances,” which is an information system on physical, chemical, and ecological properties of 20,000 chemicals, developed in cooperation with the German Federal Environmental Agency.

scholarly journals Protection possibilities of agricultural minor crops in the European Union: a case study of soybean, lupin and camelina

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Matyjaszczyk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Minor Crops ◽  
Chemical Products

Abstract In the central part of the European Union soybean, lupin and camelina are minor agricultural crops. The paper presents analysis of plant protection products availability for those crops in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Holland, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Data from year 2019 show that availability of products is generally insufficient. For camelina in some countries, there are no chemical products available whatsoever. For lupin and soybean, there are not always products available to control some pest groups. However, the products on the market differ significantly among the member states. The results show that in protection of soybean, lupin and camelina, no single active substance is registered for the same crop in all the analysed member states. In very numerous cases, active substance is registered in one out of eight analysed member states only.

The Plant Protection Products (PPP) Sector in the European Union: A Special View on Herbicides

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bonanno ◽  
Valentina C. Materia ◽  
Thomas Venus ◽  
Justus Wesseler
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
The European Union

scholarly journals DERMAL ABSORPTION OF DIQUAT AND POTENTIAL OCCUPATIONAL RISK

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1459-1464
Author(s):  
Tatyana O. Yastrub ◽  
Sergii T. Omelchuk ◽  
Andrii M. Yastrub
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
European Union ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Dermal Absorption ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
High Level

The aim: The toxicological-hygienic assessment of dermal absorption of diquat in terms of potential risk of its bioavailability in professional use. Materials and methods: The object of the study was cutaneous exposure of diquat, determined in toxicological experiments of different duration (data of scientific literature) and at the stage of state testing of pesticide preparations based on diquat dibromide (data of a full-scale hygiene experiment, prognostic model of risk assessment), the technical concentrate of diquat dibromide (active substance content not less than 377 g / kg) contains relevant supplements, the content of which is regulated by the Food and Agriculture Organization. Results and conclusions: Due to the high risk of the diquat adverse effects affecting the personnel, general public and environment, the European Union has introduced administrative decisions to forbid plant protection products containing the diquat. Fulfillment of the conditions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union indicates the need to develop common regulations and risk assessment methods aimed at ensuring high level of protection of human health and the environment.

scholarly journals Shadow Zones: Transparency and Pesticides Regulation in the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 243-272
Author(s):  
Olivia HAMLYN
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Product ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Risk Regulation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Product Regulation ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
The Eu

AbstractIn recent years, pesticides have captured the attention of both policymakers and the general public. A particular focus has been the transparency of the EU-level procedure for approving active substances, spurred by controversies surrounding the active substance glyphosate. Active substances are the ingredient in pesticides with the pesticidal effect. Once an active substance is approved at EU level, the pesticide containing that active substance must be authorised by each Member State. For this purpose, the EU's 2009 Plant Protection Product Regulation divides Member States into three zones—Northern, Central, and Southern—within which, zonal rapporteur Member States evaluate applications for authorisation. National authorisation decisions are based on these zonal evaluations. This novel system governing pesticides is under-researched. Furthermore, unlike active substance approval, the transparency of pesticide authorisation escapes public and policy scrutiny. Drawing on empirical research conducted for the European Parliament, this article evaluates the transparency of the zonal pesticide authorisation procedure. It thus contributes to the literature on transparency a detailed exploration of transparency in a highly complex, decentred, and polycentric risk regulation regime. While it finds that the zonal pesticide authorisation procedure, generally speaking, does not operate transparently, it argues further that levels of transparency within the regime as a whole may vary significantly depending on multiple different factors. It introduces the concept of ‘chiaroscuro regulation’ to characterise and understand these varying levels of transparency across different elements of the regime and considers some of its implications.

scholarly journals Sezonowość cen środków ochrony roślin w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (2) ◽  
pp. 315-321
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Plant Protection Product ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Seasonal Decomposition ◽  
Means Of Production

Plant protection products stand out from other means of production for agriculture with little price dynamics. The article presents the occurrence and the size of seasonal fluctuations in plant protection product prices in selected EU countries. Due to the availability of data, the prices of plant protection products in Poland, France, Ireland and Greece were analyzed. Seasonal variation analysis was performed using the seasonal decomposition method. The study does not point to a clear seasonality in the prices of plant protection products on the markets analyzed. The seasonality of plant protection products prices was observed only on the Polish and French markets, while the variations in seasonal fluctuations were small. Seasonal price increases were observed for the Polish market from March to June, during the period of increased demand for plant protection products. In the second half of the year, prices generally declined. Seasonal price changes on the French market were similar.

scholarly journals Genotoxic Assessment of the Metabolite M-11 of Mepanipyrim, the Active Ingredient in the Plant Protection Product FRUPICA SC

2019 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
Hubert Dirven ◽  
Jan Ludvig Lyche ◽  
Marit Låg ◽  
Asbjørn Magne Nilsen ◽  
Katrine Borgå ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Plant Protection Product ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase

The VKM Panel for plant protection products considered Frupica SC in a meeting on 25.11.2010, and found the active ingredient problematic with regard to carcinogenic effects and possible genotoxicity. M11 is a metabolite of mepanipyrim which is the active ingredient the plant protection product Frupica SC. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority has asked the applicant for further assessment of the genotoxic potential of the metabolite M11. The applicant has submitted a rat liver in vivo Comet assay of the metabolite, and the panel has been requested to consider if the genotoxic properties of mepanipyrim and the metabolite M11 is adequately documented.  The metabolite M11 caused positive findings in in vitro studies for bacterial mutation and chromosomal aberrations. Three in vivo studies (Micronucleus, unscheduled DNA synthesis and Comet assay) did not show evidence of genotoxicity. Based on the documentation available, VKMs Panel on Plant Protection Products concludes that mepanipyrim and the metabolite M11 should not be considered genotoxic in vivo. The lack of demonstrated in vivo genotoxicity makes it likely that mepanipyrim induces liver tumors in rats and mice by a mechanism that involves a threshold below which tumors are not expected to develop. This conclusion is strengthened by the finding of a promoter-like behavior of mepanipyrim for induction of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase positive foci in rat liver.

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