The current landscape of adipose-derived stem cells in clinical applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hui Lim ◽  
Wee Kiat Ong ◽  
Shigeki Sugii
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Multipotent Cells ◽  
Medical Disciplines

Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are considered a great alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Unlike bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), ASCs can be retrieved in high numbers from lipoaspirate, a by-product of liposuction procedures. Given that ASCs represent an easily accessible and abundant source of multipotent cells, ASCs have garnered attention and curiosity from both scientific and clinical communities for their potential in clinical applications. Furthermore, their unique immunobiology and secretome are attractive therapeutic properties. A decade since the discovery of a stem cell reservoir residing within adipose tissue, ASC-based clinical trials have grown over the years around the world along with assessments made on their safety and efficacy. With the progress of ASCs into clinical applications, the aim towards producing clinical-grade ASCs becomes increasingly important. Several countries have recognised the growing industry of cell therapies and have developed regulatory frameworks to assure their safety. With more research efforts made to understand their effects in both scientific and clinical settings, ASCs hold great promise as a future therapeutic strategy in treating a wide variety of diseases. Therefore, this review seeks to highlight the clinical applicability of ASCs as well as their progress in clinical trials across various medical disciplines.

scholarly journals SIRT3 Enhances Mesenchymal Stem Cell Longevity and Differentiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan A. Denu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Sirtuin 3 ◽  
Multipotent Cells ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Msc Differentiation

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that are currently being investigated in a wide variety of clinical trials for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties as well as their osteogenic and chondrogenic capabilities. However, there are considerable interdonor variability and heterogeneity of MSC populations, making it challenging to compare different products. Furthermore, proliferation, differentiation, and immunomodulation of MSCs decrease with aging and ex vivo expansion. The sirtuins have emerged as a class of protein deacylases involved in aging, oxidative stress, and metabolism. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is the major mitochondrial deacetylase involved in reducing oxidative stress while preserving oxidative metabolism, and its levels have been shown to decrease with age. This study investigated the role of SIRT3 in MSC differentiation and aging. As MSCs were expanded ex vivo, SIRT3 levels decreased. In addition, SIRT3 depletion reduced MSC differentiation into adipocytes and osteoblasts. Furthermore, overexpression of SIRT3 in later-passage MSCs reduced aging-related senescence, reduced oxidative stress, and enhanced their ability to differentiate. These data suggest that overexpressing SIRT3 might represent a strategy to increase the quality and quantity of MSCs utilized for clinical applications.

scholarly journals Expanded mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is safe in both local injection and vein transfusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 234-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlassov V Salval ◽  
Yone Moto
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Local Injection ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Routine Treatment ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
The World

More than 500 clinical trials are using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the world to treat some different diseases. The safety of expanded MSC transplantation is the most important thing to ensure that this therapy can become the routine treatment for human diseases. More than five MSCs based stem cell drug products are approved at various countries demonstrated that expanded MSCs are safe in both local injection and transfusion. Moreover, some recent reports for 5 and 10 years followed-up clinical trials using expanded MSCs confirmed that there is not different tumorigenesis between the patients with and without expanded MSC transplantation. This letter aims to provide some evidences about the safety of expanded MSCs in clinical applications. However, the MSC quality should be stritcly controlled during the in vitro MSC expansion.

scholarly journals Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Crohn's Rectovaginal Fistula

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. García-Olmo ◽  
D. Herreros ◽  
P. De-La-Quintana ◽  
H. Guadalajara ◽  
J. Trébol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Vaginal Fistula ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Therapeutic options for recto-vaginal fistula in the setting of Crohn's disease are limited and many data are available in the literature. The manuscript describes the history of a patient who has been the pioneer of our Clinical Trials in treating this disease in fistulizing Crohn's disease environment. We believe it is the first time that a patient with this disease has been treated by adipose-derived stem cells in allogeneic form. The conclusion of our study with Mary is that the use of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue is secure, either in autologous or allogeneic form. Furthermore, we have proved that if we use multi-dose and multiple applications on a patient, it does not produce any adverse effect, which confirms us the safety of using these cells in patients at least in the fistulizing Crohn's disease environment.

scholarly journals First Insights into the Effect of Low-Dose X-Ray Irradiation in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 6075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Schröder ◽  
Stephan Kriesen ◽  
Guido Hildebrandt ◽  
Katrin Manda
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Dose Radiation

(1) Background: Emerging interest of physicians to use adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for regenerative therapies and the fact that low-dose irradiation (LD-IR ≤ 0.1 Gy) has been reported to enhance the proliferation of several human normal and bone-marrow stem cells, but not that of tumor cells, lead to the idea of improving stem cell therapies via low-dose radiation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate unwanted side effects, as well as proliferation-stimulating mechanisms of LD-IR on ADSCs. (2) Methods: To avoid donor specific effects, ADSCs isolated from mamma reductions of 10 donors were pooled and used for the radiobiological analysis. The clonogenic survival assay was used to classify the long-term effects of low-dose radiation in ADSCs. Afterwards, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, as well as the effect of irradiation on proliferation of ADSCs were investigated. (3) Results: LD (≤ 0.1 Gy) of ionizing radiation promoted the proliferation and survival of ADSCs. Within this dose range neither geno- nor cytotoxic effects were detectable. In contrast, greater doses within the dose range of >0.1–2.0 Gy induced residual double-strand breaks and reduced the long-term survival, as well as the proliferation rate of ADSCs. (4) Conclusions: Our data suggest that ADSCs are resistant to LD-IR. Furthermore, LD-IR could be a possible mediator to improve approaches of stem cells in the field of regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Cell Replacement Therapy for Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases: Cell Sources, Clinical Trials and Challenges

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 865
Author(s):  
Rosa M. Coco-Martin ◽  
Salvador Pastor-Idoate ◽  
Jose Carlos Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Limbal Stem Cells ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Optic Nerve Diseases ◽  
Cell Sources

The aim of this review was to provide an update on the potential of cell therapies to restore or replace damaged and/or lost cells in retinal degenerative and optic nerve diseases, describing the available cell sources and the challenges involved in such treatments when these techniques are applied in real clinical practice. Sources include human fetal retinal stem cells, allogenic cadaveric human cells, adult hippocampal neural stem cells, human CNS stem cells, ciliary pigmented epithelial cells, limbal stem cells, retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) (including both human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Of these, RPCs, PSCs and MSCs have already entered early-stage clinical trials since they can all differentiate into RPE, photoreceptors or ganglion cells, and have demonstrated safety, while showing some indicators of efficacy. Stem/progenitor cell therapies for retinal diseases still have some drawbacks, such as the inhibition of proliferation and/or differentiation in vitro (with the exception of RPE) and the limited long-term survival and functioning of grafts in vivo. Some other issues remain to be solved concerning the clinical translation of cell-based therapy, including (1) the ability to enrich for specific retinal subtypes; (2) cell survival; (3) cell delivery, which may need to incorporate a scaffold to induce correct cell polarization, which increases the size of the retinotomy in surgery and, therefore, the chance of severe complications; (4) the need to induce a localized retinal detachment to perform the subretinal placement of the transplanted cell; (5) the evaluation of the risk of tumor formation caused by the undifferentiated stem cells and prolific progenitor cells. Despite these challenges, stem/progenitor cells represent the most promising strategy for retinal and optic nerve disease treatment in the near future, and therapeutics assisted by gene techniques, neuroprotective compounds and artificial devices can be applied to fulfil clinical needs.

scholarly journals Cell therapies for traumatic brain injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. E18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Harting ◽  
James E. Baumgartner ◽  
Laura L. Worth ◽  
Linda Ewing-Cobbs ◽  
Adrian P. Gee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Current Therapies

Preliminary discoveries of the efficacy of cell therapy are currently being translated to clinical trials. Whereas a significant amount of work has been focused on cell therapy applications for a wide array of diseases, including cardiac disease, bone disease, hepatic disease, and cancer, there continues to be extraordinary anticipation that stem cells will advance the current therapeutic regimen for acute neurological disease. Traumatic brain injury is a devastating event for which current therapies are limited. In this report the authors discuss the current status of using adult stem cells to treat traumatic brain injury, including the basic cell types and potential mechanisms of action, preclinical data, and the initiation of clinical trials.

Adipose-derived stem cells: A novel, shortened isolation protocol yielding multipotent cells from fat

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1605
Author(s):  
Anna Wilson ◽  
Elena Garcia-Gareta ◽  
Peter Butler ◽  
Alexander Seifalian
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Multipotent Cells

Human adipose-derived stem cells: Potential clinical applications in surgery

Surgery Today ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Utsunomiya ◽  
Mitsuo Shimada ◽  
Satoru Imura ◽  
Yuji Morine ◽  
Tetsuya Ikemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells

A Standardized Method of Isolating Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Clinical Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Raposio ◽  
Giorgia Caruana ◽  
Maira Petrella ◽  
Sabrina Bonomini ◽  
Michele P. Grieco
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Standardized Method
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