Ex-vivo ocular surface stem cell therapies: current techniques, applications, hurdles and future directions

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romesh I. Angunawela ◽  
Jodhbir S. Mehta ◽  
Julie T. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Engineered Tissue ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Engineered tissue derived from ocular surface stem cells (SCs) are a cutting edge biotechnology for repair and restoration of severely damaged eyes as a result of ocular surface dysfunction because of SC failure. Ex-vivo SC expansion techniques have advanced significantly since the first patients were treated in the late 1990s. The techniques and clinical reports reviewed here highlight the evolution and successes of these techniques, while also revealing gaps in our understanding of ocular surface and SC biology that drives further research and development in this field. Although hurdles still remain before stem-cell-based therapies are more widely available for patients with devastating ocular surface disease, recent discoveries in the field of mesenchymal SCs and the potential of induced pluripotent SCs heralds a promising future for clinicians and our patients.

scholarly journals Derivation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from the Baboon: A Nonhuman Primate Model for Preclinical Testing of Stem Cell Therapies

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Navara ◽  
Jacey Hornecker ◽  
Douglas Grow ◽  
Shital Chaudhari ◽  
Peter J. Hornsby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Nonhuman Primate Model ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Preclinical Testing ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Bioengineering Approaches to Accelerate Clinical Translation of Stem Cell Therapies Treating Osteochondral Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Yixuan Luo ◽  
Yin Yu ◽  
Fei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Osteochondral Defect ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Osteochondral Repair ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

The osteochondral tissue is an interface between articular cartilage and bone. The diverse composition, mechanical properties, and cell phenotype in these two tissues pose a big challenge for the reconstruction of the defected interface. Due to the availability and inherent regenerative therapeutic properties, stem cells provide tremendous promise to repair osteochondral defect. This review is aimed at highlighting recent progress in utilizing bioengineering approaches to improve stem cell therapies for osteochondral diseases, which include microgel encapsulation, adhesive bioinks, and bioprinting to control the administration and distribution. We will also explore utilizing synthetic biology tools to control the differentiation fate and deliver therapeutic biomolecules to modulate the immune response. Finally, future directions and opportunities in the development of more potent and predictable stem cell therapies for osteochondral repair are discussed.

Stem cell therapies for ocular surface disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Sai Kolli ◽  
Majlinda Lako ◽  
Francisco Figueiredo ◽  
Julie T. Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies

Assessment of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Contractility Using Micropost Arrays

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marita L. Rodriguez ◽  
Charles E. Murry ◽  
Nathan J. Sniadecki
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Contractility ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Contractile Forces

Cardiovascular stem cell therapies have shown increasing promise as a potential therapeutic means for reversing the effects of a myocardial infarction [1]. Out of the currently available sources of human stem cells, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are very promising in that: the number of cell lines that can be induced to the pluripotent state is extremely vast, they serve as a potential source for patient-specific cardiomyocytes, and their use is non-controversial. However, before they can be used feasibly in a clinical setting, the functional engraftment of these cells into the host tissue must be improved [2]. It is hypothesized that the structural and functional maturity of the stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes prior to implantation, may significantly affect the ability of these cells to engraft with resident heart tissue [3]. One of the most important functional characteristics of a cardiomyocyte is its ability to produce contractile forces. However, assessing the contractile properties of single iPS-CMs is a difficult task. iPS-CMs generally have relatively unorganized cytoskeletons, with stress fibers in multiple directions. This trait renders one or two-point force assays ineffectual in determining total cell forces. Furthermore, iPS-CMs don’t spread well on tissue culture surfaces, which make two-dimensional force measurements almost impossible.

scholarly journals Perspective in optimization of stem cell therapies for heart regeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Gapska ◽  
Maciej Kurpisz
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Free Cell ◽  
Vector System ◽  
Heart Regeneration ◽  
Cell Sheets ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Stem Cell Source ◽  
Teratoma Formation

There is a variety of mechanisms(s) factor(s) that may influence stem cell therapies for heart regeneration. Among the best candidates for stem cell source are: mesenchymal stem cells (also those isolated from adipose tissue), cardiac cell progenitors (CPC) and descendants of iPSC cells. iPSC/s can be potentially beneficial although their pluripotent induction has been still in question due to: low propagation efficacy, danger of genomic integration/instability, biological risk of current vector system teratoma formation etc. which have been discussed in this review. Optimization protocols are required in order to enhance stem cells resistance to pathological conditions that they may encounter in pathological organ and to increase their retention. Combination between gene transfer and stem cell therapy is now more often used in pre-clinical studies with the prospect of subsequent clinical trials. Complementary substances have been contemplated to support stem cell viability (mainly anti-inflammatory and anti- apoptotic agents), which have been tested in animal models with promising results. Integration of nanotechnology both for efficient stem cell imaging as well as with the aim to provide cell supporting scaffolds seem to be inevitable for further development of cellular therapies. The whole organ (heart) reconstruction as well as biodegradable scaffolds and scaffold-free cell sheets have been also outlined.

scholarly journals Targeting Programmed Cell Death to Improve Stem Cell Therapy: Implications for Treating Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Xin-xing Wan ◽  
Xi-min Hu ◽  
Wen-juan Zhao ◽  
Xiao-xia Ban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Wide Range

Stem cell therapies have shown promising therapeutic effects in restoring damaged tissue and promoting functional repair in a wide range of human diseases. Generations of insulin-producing cells and pancreatic progenitors from stem cells are potential therapeutic methods for treating diabetes and diabetes-related diseases. However, accumulated evidence has demonstrated that multiple types of programmed cell death (PCD) existed in stem cells post-transplantation and compromise their therapeutic efficiency, including apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms in PCD during stem cell transplantation and targeting cell death signaling pathways are vital to successful stem cell therapies. In this review, we highlight the research advances in PCD mechanisms that guide the development of multiple strategies to prevent the loss of stem cells and discuss promising implications for improving stem cell therapy in diabetes and diabetes-related diseases.

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