Family warmth, self-perception, social competence, and friendships in emerging adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Alegre ◽  
Mark J. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Social Competence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Full Model ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Family Warmth ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Main Relationship

AbstractThis study examines the factors influencing friendship quality during emergent adulthood. Data were collected on a sample of 393 college students (age range 18–22, M = 20.01). Nine multi-item measures were used as indicators in this study. Seven scales were drawn from the Battery of Adolescent Measures (Benson & Faas, 2014). The other two were the pragmatic (social) language and the aloof scales, which provided sensitised assessment of interpersonal deficits (Hurley, Losh, Parlier, Reznick, & Piven, 2007). The article hypothesises that family warmth predicts friendship quality during emergent adulthood. It also hypothesises that this relationship is mediated by emergent adults’ self-perceptions and by their social competence. Structural equation models supported the first hypothesis and also showed that self-perceptions and social competence partially mediate the main relationship. We also examined each mediator separately for evidence of partial mediation, but the full model remained a significantly better fit to the data compared to both single mediator models.

Disrupting Personal (In)Security? The Role of Ride-Hailing Service Features, Commute Strategies, and Gender in Mexico City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Scholl ◽  
Daniel Oviedo ◽  
Orlando Sabogal-Cardona
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Logit Models ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
And Gender

This paper sheds light on the personal security dimension of ride-hailing from a gender perspective. We explore how features of Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) services affect riders perceptions of security when commuting in ride-hailing services, and how general perceptions of fear of crime shape the way people value such features. Moreover, we analyze the strategies women and men are using to enhance their own security in ride-hailing and factors influencing these strategies. We conducted a survey of users of the TNC DiDi in Mexico City. The statistical methods used are structural equation models SEM and ordered logit models OLOGIT. Results show that women are more likely to value the information made available by ride-hailing applications (e.g., knowing your location or knowing driver information) and the presence of a panic button. The value given to information also increases if a person feels insecure in the streets, in a public transit station or in public transit. People who perceive higher insecurity in the streets have increased positive perceptions of the possibility of travelling without transfers. We also find that women are 64.4% less likely to share ride-hailing trips (pooling) and 2.14 times more likely to share details of their trips through their cellphones.

Competence and psychopathology: Cascade effects in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith B. Burt ◽  
Glenn I. Roisman
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Early Child ◽  
Early Child Care

AbstractExisting longitudinal research on the interplay between externalizing problems, internalizing problems, and academic and social competence has documented “cascading” effects from early aggressive/disruptive behavior through impairments in competence, leading to symptoms of depression and anxiety. The primary aim of the current study was to replicate such work using the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development while also extending the developmental window of investigation of cascades back into early childhood. Participating families (N= 1,160) completed questionnaire measures of externalizing, internalizing, and social competence (maternal report), as well as individual assessment of academic achievement, spanning five time points from age 54 months through age 15 years. A series of nested structural equation models tested predicted links across various domains of competence and psychopathology. Results were consistent with prior research, demonstrating cross-domain effects from early externalizing problems through effects on both academic and social competence into later internalizing problems. Effects held across gender and were largely unaffected by inclusion of socioeconomic status, early caregiving, and early cognitive ability as covariates in the model.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Chinese Tourist to Select Bangkok, Thailand as A Travel Destination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Sumas Wongsunopparat ◽  
Shen Jing
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Travel Destination ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Chinese Tourists ◽  
Potential Factors

This study aims to investigate factors influencing the Bangkok-focused tourist destination selection in China. In addition, Kuala Lumpur and Tokyo, Japan were selected for comparison by assessing four destination attributes including culture, transportation, architecture, and food. In this study, we used a sample of 400 Chinese tourists who have traveled to Bangkok. The main research issue is to reveal the first- and second-order potential factors generating significant influences on Chinese tourists’ choice of Bangkok as their destination. The aim of this study is to explore the structural relationships among the mentioned first-order and second-order latent variables, and their impact on the choice of tourist destinations in China. Due to the competitive nature of Chinese tourist destinations, we believe that there might be some potential factors that significantly affected their choice decision, therefore we applied the second-order Structural Equation Models (SEM) to capture these potentially unobservable factors. The result showed that our proposed model appeared to fit well: the RMSEA was 0.03 (<0.06) and values of GFI, AGFI, NFI, TLI, and CFI were greater than 0.9 (most of them were even larger than 0.95). More importantly, Food (F), Emotional Factor (EF) representing food and cultural indulgence, and Physical Factor (PF) representing Architecture and Transportation facility of the destination showed significant impacts on tourist destination choice as their p-values were less than 0.05. Hence, Thai food and anything that could maximize the emotional and functional values of Chinese tourists would make travel choices to become their travel destination. At the same time, it was aimed to provide some valuable suggestions for tourist cities currently under threat from COVID-19, to recover or better in the coming years, providing some evidence for future researchers to further explore this field.

Oorzaken en gevolgen van gameverslaving onder adolescenten

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen S. Lemmens ◽  
Patti M. Valkenburg ◽  
Jochen Peter
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Pathological Gaming ◽  
High Aggression

Causes and consequences of pathological gaming among adolescents Causes and consequences of pathological gaming among adolescents Pathological use of video games has been associated with indicators of psychosocial well-being, such as loneliness, low self-esteem, low social competence low life satisfaction, and high aggression. However, few studies have decisively demonstrated whether these indicators of psychosocial well-being are causes or consequences of pathological gaming. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a two-wave panel study among 851 Dutch adolescents (543 gamers). Causal relations were analyzed using autoregressive structural equation models. These analyses indicated that social competence, self-esteem, and loneliness were significant predictors of pathological gaming six months later. Our analyses further indicated that increased loneliness and aggressive behavior were also consequences of pathological gaming. These results suggest that displacement of real-world social interaction resulting from pathological use of video games is likely to deteriorate existing relationships. This, in turn, decreases their psychosocial well-being.

scholarly journals Predictors of Sibling Victimization and Associations With Self-Perception and Relationship Attachment in Adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-327
Author(s):  
Jeanette M. Walters ◽  
Julee P. Farley ◽  
Kirby Deater-Deckard ◽  
Jungmeen Kim-Spoon
Keyword(s):  
Social Competence ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Adolescent Outcomes ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Adolescent Attachment ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Protective Parenting ◽  
Relationship Attachment

Research shows that sibling victimization may be as detrimental to adolescent outcomes as peer victimization. However, many questions remain unanswered with regard to protective parenting factors and consequences of sibling victimization among adolescents. This study tested a mediation model in which sibling victimization, predicted by parental monitoring, is associated with parent and peer-adolescent attachment as mediated through adolescent self-perceptions of social competence and self-worth. A three path mediation from parental monitoring → sibling victimization → adolescent self-perceptions → peer-/parent-adolescent attachment was tested. Structural equation modeling results revealed that parental monitoring was negatively associated with sibling victimization for girls. For boys and girls, sibling victimization had negative direct and indirect effects on parent- and peer-adolescent attachment via adolescent self-perceptions of social competence and self-worth. Findings suggest that parental monitoring may be important in the prevention of sibling victimization and self-perceptions may be an important point of intervention for adolescents experiencing sibling victimization.

M capacity as a lifespan construct: A study of its decrease in ageing subjects

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Morra ◽  
Gabriella Vigliocco ◽  
Bianca Penello
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Latent Construct ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Age Range

The performance of 93 ageing subjects (age range, 59-96) was studied in tests that had been proved to measure M capacity in children (Morra, 1994), (i.e. the Backward Digit Span, the Counting Span, and the Mr Cucumber Test). For the sake of comparison, the Forward Digit Span was also administered. Preliminary analyses showed that Backward Digit Span, Counting Span, and Mr Cucumber have a similar rate of decline with age, and are significantly correlated with one another. The goodness of ” t of three different linear structural equation models suggests that, also in the elderly, the scores in these three tests reflect the same latent construct (i.e. M capacity), which in turn is negatively affected by age and positively affected by education. In addition, the variance within each subject of these three scores is usually small. It is concluded that these three tests can also be used as measures of M capacity in ageing subjects.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Mediates the Impact of the Post-pandemic Entrepreneurship Environment on College Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiping Zhang ◽  
Jianhao Huang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Impact

The mechanism of how the COVID-19 global pandemic has affected the entrepreneurial intentions of college students remains unknown. To investigate the impact of the entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions in the post-pandemic era, 913 college students were invited to complete a questionnaire. The data were analyzed with structural equation models. The conclusions revealed by the questionnaire are as followed: college students have retained some entrepreneurial intention in the post-pandemic era; the factors influencing the entrepreneurial intention include sex, family entrepreneurial history, major, and education background; and entrepreneurial self-efficacy can play a major role to mediate the impact caused by the post-pandemic entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial intentions. The research conclusions provide important insights to improve college students’ entrepreneurial intentions in the post-pandemic environment.

scholarly journals The Changing Relationship Between Partnership Status and Loneliness: Effects Related to Aging and Historical Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1423-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Böger ◽  
Oliver Huxhold
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Historical Changes ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Partnership Status ◽  
Partnership Satisfaction ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Objectives Partnership status is a central predictor of loneliness. The strength of this predictive relationship, however, may decrease in the course of aging and over historical time. Moreover, there may be aging-related and historical changes in the satisfaction with partnership and singlehood. Method Longitudinal data from the German Ageing Survey (DEAS) assessed in 2008 and 2014 (N = 6,188, age range: 40–85 years) was analyzed with multigroup structural equation models to disentangle aging-related and historical changes in the relationship of partnership status and loneliness and in the average level of satisfaction with partnership and singlehood. Results With advancing age, partnership status became less predictive of loneliness and the satisfaction with being single increased. Among later-born cohorts, the association between partnership status and loneliness was less strong than among earlier-born cohorts. Later-born single people were more satisfied with being single than their earlier-born counterparts. There was no indication for an aging-related or historical decrease in partnership satisfaction. Discussion The relevance of partnership status as a predictor of social well-being is neither universal nor stable but appears to change in the course of aging and across historical time.

scholarly journals From child maltreatment to adolescent cannabis abuse and dependence: A developmental cascade model

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred A. Rogosch ◽  
Assaf Oshri ◽  
Dante Cicchetti
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Cascade Model ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Cannabis Abuse ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Problems

AbstractA developmental cascade model tested associations among child maltreatment, internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, social competence, and cannabis abuse and dependence symptoms in a longitudinal cohort (N= 415). Nested structural equation models evaluated continuity and cross-domain influences among broad multi-informant constructs across four developmental periods: age 7 to 9, 10 to 12, 13 to 15, and 15 to 18. Results indicated significant paths from child maltreatment to early externalizing and internalizing problems and social competence, as well as to cannabis abuse and dependence (CAD) symptoms in adolescence. Youth CAD symptoms were primarily related directly to child maltreatment and externalizing problems. Childhood internalizing symptoms contributed to later childhood decreases in social competence, which predicted increases in late adolescent externalizing problems. Using a developmental psychopathology framework, results are discussed in relation to cascade and transactional effects and the interplay between problem behaviors during childhood and development of CAD symptoms during early and late adolescence.

Measuring the Big Five in Self-Report and Other Ratings

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Barbaranelli ◽  
Gian Vittorio Caprara
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Fit Indexes ◽  
Response Modes

Summary: The aim of the study is to assess the construct validity of two different measures of the Big Five, matching two “response modes” (phrase-questionnaire and list of adjectives) and two sources of information or raters (self-report and other ratings). Two-hundred subjects, equally divided in males and females, were administered the self-report versions of the Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ) and the Big Five Observer (BFO), a list of bipolar pairs of adjectives ( Caprara, Barbaranelli, & Borgogni, 1993 , 1994 ). Every subject was rated by six acquaintances, then aggregated by means of the same instruments used for the self-report, but worded in a third-person format. The multitrait-multimethod matrix derived from these measures was then analyzed via Structural Equation Models according to the criteria proposed by Widaman (1985) , Marsh (1989) , and Bagozzi (1994) . In particular, four different models were compared. While the global fit indexes of the models were only moderate, convergent and discriminant validities were clearly supported, and method and error variance were moderate or low.

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