scholarly journals Adaptation of the National Plan for the Prevention and Fight Against Pandemic Influenza to the 2020 COVID-19 Epidemic in France

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ghanchi
Keyword(s):  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Disease Propagation ◽  
Extreme Measure ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Containment Policy ◽  
Behavioral Attitudes ◽  
Further Development

ABSTRACT On Tuesday, March 17, 2020, at noon, France became the third European country to impose a nationwide containment policy in the fight against epidemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) viral infection. Announcing that the country was at “war,” President Macron called upon all to play a role in mitigating against further development of contagion. This extreme measure never seen before during peace time was the result of adapting not only the French Pandemic Influenza Plan (PIP) being applied to the national context but also real-time clinical, epidemiological, and scientific information about the evolution of COVID-19 infection in the country. The situation was further complicated by local municipal elections and political agendas by populist opinions. Despite mass communication about the importance of individual behavioral attitudes to counter disease propagation, few heeded government advice. Consequently, the situation rapidly deteriorated with increasing number of cases that started to overwhelm health services. As a result, decisive and immediate action was taken by the State for the national public health interest. This report from the field details the timely events that contributed to this extreme policy decision taken by France. A policy decision that other Western democracies have since applied as the pandemic disseminated across the globe.

scholarly journals Open Bioeconomy—A Bibliometric Study on the Accessibility of Articles in the Field of Bioeconomy

Publications ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Marianne Duquenne ◽  
Hélène Prost ◽  
Joachim Schöpfel ◽  
Franck Dumeignil
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Bibliometric Study ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Tail Distribution ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Important Variant ◽  
Further Development

Open access (OA) to scientific information is one of the major challenges and objectives of actual public research policy. The purpose of this paper is to assess the degree of openness of scientific articles on bioeconomy, as one of the emergent research fields at the crossroads of several disciplines and with high societal and industrial impact. Based on a Web of Science (WoS) corpus of 2489 articles published between 2015 and 2019, we calculated bibliometric indicators, explored the openness of each article and assessed the share of journals, countries and research areas of these articles. The results show a sharp increase and diversification of articles in the field of bioeconomy, with a beginning long tail distribution. 45.6% of the articles are freely available and the share of OA articles is steadily increasing, from 31% in 2015 to 52% in 2019. Gold is the most important variant of OA. Open access is low in the applied research areas of chemical, agricultural and environmental engineering but higher in the domains of energy and fuels, forestry and green and sustainable science and technology. The UK and the Netherlands have the highest rates of OA articles, followed by Spain and Germany. The funding rate of OA articles is higher than of non-OA articles. This is the first bibliometric study on open access to articles on bioeconomy. The results can be useful for the further development of OA editorial and funding criteria in the field of bioeconomy.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE LEADING TYPE OF IMPROVEMENTS OF SERVICEMANTS IN MODERN MILITARY CONFLICTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
I. P. Khomenko ◽  
K. V. Gumeniuk ◽  
S. O. Korol ◽  
E. V. Tsema ◽  
R. М. Mikhaylusov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Combat Trauma ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Civilian Population ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Number Of Components ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Military ◽  
Further Development

Summary. The results of studying the main damaging factors of servicemen, it is necessary to consider a large number of components of a military conflict. The problem is that in some conflicts there is little data on the loss ratio. Ancient wars were not as familiar as modern ones. Data on ancient wars are sometimes exaggerated, or vice versa, in order to prevent a catastrophe in the military and political sense, they are underestimated. The study of the structure of combat trauma remains a very topical topic. In light of the development of medical and military science, it becomes possible to consider the problem as a multimodal scheme. The aim of a view of the battle in the field of service every hour of the holding of a conflict. Materials and methods for further development. In the peaceful hour of the middle of the civilian population, there are a lot of wounds in the fire, so they have to go for the crime of criminalization of the suspension, as well as in the case of non-merciless vapours on the edge, with the unprotected, unbearable weather in the winter. The results of that discussion. The analysis of scientific information during the ATO / OUF showed that in the structure of sanitary losses of a surgical profile, injuries from ear problems to become 56.7 % — 62.6 %. to the most obvious, isolated character. Conclusions. Clinical-epidemiological and clinical-anatomical pre-diagnoses reported that injuries due to splinter ears of children become 80.4 %, with cultivars — 13.1 %, with minor-explosive — 2.2 % and with explosive injuries.

scholarly journals SCIENTISTS-EDUCATORS OF UKRAINE ON THE PAGES OF BIOBIBLIOGRAPHIC INDEXES

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
T. PAVLENKO
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Biographical Research ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Image Creation ◽  
Further Development

The article considers the priority area of the leading educational libraries scientific and bibliographic activities - methods of compiling, filling and publishing the serial personal (bio-bibliographic) indexes of leading scientists of Ukraine, works of the high educational establishment professors and teachers. The role of biobibliographic indexes is highlighted as to the process of searching for documents about the main publications of famous educators - a reliable source of historical and biographical research that facilitates the search for scientific information, gives a complete picture of current and past research status, outlines their future topics, as well as the possibility to satisfy the informational needs of users on a specific topic. The analysis of serial personal indexes of different form, structure and content is carried out. Emphasis is placed on the role of the State Scientific and Pedagogical Library of Ukraine named after V.O. Sukhomlinsky in the preparation and publication of biobibliographic indexes, which reflect the creative heritage of the outstanding scientists and the implementation of their creative ideas in pedagogical activity. Particular attention is paid to the personal bibliographic indexes structure, ways of arranging the material and their content, which ensures the scientist holistic image creation, his scientific, state and public activities main results coverage, determination of  their contribution to Ukrainian and world science development. Biobibliographic indexes highlight the accomplishments and scientific achievements of the Ukrainian education prominent representatives, information about which can be used in further research on the pedagogical science history, including of the Ukraine NAPS scientists-teachers, contribute to the further development of a new philosophy of education and upbringing. The scientific heritage of Ukrainian scientists, recorded in bio bibliographic indexes, makes it possible to study and objectively evaluate their achievements. Professionally prepared personal indexes are an integral part of the source base of Ukrainian science and have significant value for modern researchers and play a significant role in research.

scholarly journals Building the Prestige of Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis: From a Little Known to an Internationally Recognized Journal

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-413
Author(s):  
Hubert Krotkiewski ◽  
Andrzej Górski ◽  
Michał Zimecki
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Experimental Therapy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Science Citation Index Expanded

Abstract Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis (AITE) was founded in 1953 by Ludwik Hirszfeld, a world famous Polish physician and scientist in the field of microbiology and immunology. Initially, AITE was published in Polish, but within a few years, it changed to English to increase the range and number of international readers. In its over 65 year history, AITE has had several Editors and a number of Publishers. In the period 1977–1991, AITE was listed in the system of scientific information Current Contents/Life Sciences, but for several years, its impact on the international readership of the Journal was negligible. The political and economic crisis in Poland in late 1980s led to serious delays in printing of successive AITE issues, so the Journal was removed from the Current Contents. Year 1991 was a turning point for the Journal, guided since then by prof. Dubowska-Inglot, who changed its image and format, and allowed acceptance of review articles. In 1999, prof. Górski became the Editor-in-Chief, giving a new impulse for further development of the Journal. In a consequence, AITE was accepted to Science Citation Index Expanded (in 2001) and to Institute for Scientific Information Master Journal List (in 2002). Eventually, AITE has evolved to become a truly international, multidisciplinary journal, publishing original articles, and reviews relating to basic and clinical immunology, experimental therapy, immunogenetics, transplantology, microbiology, immunochemistry, as well as bioethics. Currently, AITE is cited in a number of major scientific information databases. Since 2011, the Journal is published by Springer Publishing House, it has achieved international recognition with its latest impact factor (for 2017) of 3.018. AITE, whose Editors are professors of Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, strengthens the status and position of the Institute as one of the leading scientific institutions in Poland.

scholarly journals Peer Lecturing as Project-Based Learning: Blending Socio-Affective Influences with Self-Regulated Learning

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Dominique-Esther Seroussi ◽  
Rakefet Sharon
Keyword(s):  
Student Teachers ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
First Year ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Affective Influences ◽  
Further Development

As a contribution to the efforts to understand the influence of peer presence on self-regulated learning, this paper studies students’ reaction to a project-based activity, the final product of which was a scientific communication to peers. In this activity, peer lecturing, the students formulate a question on a topic linked to the course, search scientific information in order to answer the question, and teach the result of their investigations to their class in the form of a whole-class communication. The paper draws on the qualitative analysis of 23 interviews of first-year student teachers involved in peer lecturing in the framework of an introductory zoology course. In this study, the expressed gains in self-regulated learning described by the students are compared to the gains reported in the literature in other project-based methods and in peer teaching. Original gains in motivation (social goals), cognitive processes and self-regulation, are highlighted, while stressing differences between student types. Further development of the method is suggested.

scholarly journals Evidence synthesis and decision modelling to support complex decisions: stockpiling neuraminidase inhibitors for pandemic influenza usage

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2293
Author(s):  
Samuel I. Watson ◽  
Yen-Fu Chen ◽  
Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam ◽  
Puja R. Myles ◽  
Sudhir Venkatesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Neuraminidase Inhibitor ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Net Benefit

Objectives: The stockpiling of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) antivirals as a defence against pandemic influenza is a significant public health policy decision that must be made despite a lack of conclusive evidence from randomised controlled trials regarding the effectiveness of NAIs on important clinical end points such as mortality. The objective of this study was to determine whether NAIs should be stockpiled for treatment of pandemic influenza on the basis of current evidence. Methods: A decision model for stockpiling was designed. Data on previous pandemic influenza epidemiology was combined with data on the effectiveness of NAIs in reducing mortality obtained from a recent individual participant meta-analysis using observational data. Evidence synthesis techniques and a bias modelling method for observational data were used to incorporate the evidence into the model. The stockpiling decision was modelled for adults (≥16 years old) and the United Kingdom was used as an example. The main outcome was the expected net benefits of stockpiling in monetary terms. Health benefits were estimated from deaths averted through stockpiling. Results: After adjusting for biases in the estimated effectiveness of NAIs, the expected net benefit of stockpiling in the baseline analysis was £444 million, assuming a willingness to pay of £20,000/QALY ($31,000/QALY). The decision would therefore be to stockpile NAIs. There was a greater probability that the stockpile would not be utilised than utilised. However, the rare but catastrophic losses from a severe pandemic justified the decision to stockpile. Conclusions: Taking into account the available epidemiological data and evidence of effectiveness of NAIs in reducing mortality, including potential biases, a decision maker should stockpile anti-influenza medication in keeping with the postulated decision rule.

scholarly journals RISKS OF “TOUCH CONTROL” (TOUCHSCREEN) IN COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
pp. 230-240
Author(s):  
Евгения Владиславовна Коротаева ◽  
Юлия Евгеньевна Водяха
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Stated Problem

Современная ситуация отличается все ускоряющейся глобализацией, цифровизацией, массовой коммуникацией и т. д., но проблемы, связанные с познавательной деятельностью, всегда будут в приоритете, поскольку они не только обеспечивают преемственность в передаче знаний, но побуждают к дальнейшему развитию. Однако сама дефиниция понятия «познавательная деятельность» не была представлена в научной литературе. Поэтому авторы в качестве новизны предлагают собственную трактовку: познавательная деятельность представляет собой целенаправленное изучение индивидом окружающей реальности, в котором он приобретает (уточняет, расширяет и пр.) знания, корректирует представления о субъектах и объектах этой реальности, осваивает и развивает умения (навыки), обеспечивающие постижение окружающей действительности и изменение ее. Исходя из логики представленного понятия, авторы изучают риски организации познавательной деятельности у детей дошкольного возраста в процессе использования цифровых гаджетов. Основу материала составляет анализ отечественных и зарубежных публикаций по заявленной проблеме. Ряд исследователей обнаруживает положительное влияние цифровых устройств на процесс развития, в то время как другие видят риски использования гаджетов. Материалы зарубежных исследований, относящиеся к 2016 г., отличаются интересом к данной проблематике, сдержанным оптимизмом и установкой на дальнейшие исследования. Однако к 2018 г. тональность выводов исследователей в отношении использования цифровых приспособлений детьми дошкольного возраста претерпевает изменения от нейтрально заинтересованного к осторожно тревожному (J. H. Graafland, B. Rocha, C. Nunes и др.). Доказывается, что длительное (при этом пассивное в познавательном плане) пребывание дошкольников в цифровой среде чревато снижением способности формировать и оперировать знаниями, что является основой познавательной активности. Однако «цифровой мир» продолжает развиваться, поэтому необходимы дальнейшие исследования с тем, чтобы подготовить подрастающее поколение к познавательной деятельности в окружающей реальности не только «здесь и сейчас», но и в далеком будущем. The current situation is characterized by increasing globalization, digitalization, mass communication, etc. However, the problems associated with cognitive activity will always be a priority since they not only ensure continuity in knowledge transfer, but also encourage further development. Though, the very definition of the concept of “cognitive activity” has not been presented in the scientific literature yet. Therefore, the authors’ interpretation is offered as a novelty: cognitive activity is a purposeful study of the surrounding reality by an individual when he/she acquires (clarifies, expands, etc.) knowledge, corrects ideas about subjects and objects of this reality, learns and develops skills providing comprehension of the surrounding reality and its modifications. Based on the logic of the concept presented, the authors study the risks of organizing cognitive activity in preschool children in the process of using digital gadgets. The basis of the material is the analysis of domestic and foreign publications on the stated problem. A number of researchers consider the impact of digital devices on the development process as a positive one, while others see the risks of using gadgets. Materials of foreign studies related to 2016 are distinguished by their interest in this issue, restrained optimism and an attitude towards further research. However, by 2018, the tone of the researchers’ conclusions regarding the use of digital devices by preschool children had undergone a change from neutrally interested to cautiously anxious (Graafland J. H., Rocha B, Nunes C. et al.). It is proved that a long stay of schoolchildren in the digital environment (passive cognitive development) has implications because of the decrease in the ability to form and operate with knowledge, which is the basis of cognitive activity. Nevertheless, the “digital world” is evolving, so further research is needed in order to prepare the younger generation for cognitive activity in the surrounding reality, not only “here and now,” but also in the distant future.

scholarly journals Evidence synthesis and decision modelling to support complex decisions: stockpiling neuraminidase inhibitors for pandemic influenza usage

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2293
Author(s):  
Samuel I. Watson ◽  
Yen-Fu Chen ◽  
Jonathan S. Nguyen-Van-Tam ◽  
Puja R. Myles ◽  
Sudhir Venkatesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Neuraminidase Inhibitor ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Net Benefit

Objectives: The stockpiling of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) antivirals as a defence against pandemic influenza is a significant public health policy decision that must be made despite a lack of conclusive evidence from randomised controlled trials regarding the effectiveness of NAIs on important clinical end points such as mortality. The objective of this study was to determine whether NAIs should be stockpiled for treatment of pandemic influenza on the basis of current evidence. Methods: A decision model for stockpiling was designed. Data on previous pandemic influenza epidemiology was combined with data on the effectiveness of NAIs in reducing mortality obtained from a recent individual participant meta-analysis using observational data. Evidence synthesis techniques and a bias modelling method for observational data were used to incorporate the evidence into the model. The stockpiling decision was modelled for adults (≥16 years old) and the United Kingdom was used as an example. The main outcome was the expected net benefits of stockpiling in monetary terms. Health benefits were estimated from deaths averted through stockpiling. Results: After adjusting for biases in the estimated effectiveness of NAIs, the expected net benefit of stockpiling in the baseline analysis was £444 million, assuming a willingness to pay of £20,000/QALY ($31,000/QALY). The decision would therefore be to stockpile NAIs. There was a greater probability that the stockpile would not be utilised than utilised. However, the rare but catastrophic losses from a severe pandemic justified the decision to stockpile. Conclusions: Taking into account the available epidemiological data and evidence of effectiveness of NAIs in reducing mortality, including potential biases, a decision maker should stockpile anti-influenza medication in keeping with the postulated decision rule.

scholarly journals Operation of Legal Deposit System and the Ways of Its Improvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-615
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Sakharov
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Electronic Form ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Law ◽  
State Library ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Timely Delivery

Legal deposit (LD) system, which remains to be the main source of formation of the national library-information stock of documents of the Russian Federation, needs further development and improvement. The purpose of this article is to identify the main problems faced by the modern system of LD in the segment of Federal legal deposit copy of printed publications and to consider various solutions. One of the main problems is incomplete delivery (or non-delivery) by manufacturers of the documents of printed publications issued by them, especially in electronic form, although this is required by the current version of the Federal law “On Legal Deposit copy of documents”. Instead of 16 copies, set by the Law, many publishers deliver to the Russian Book Chamber (RBC, ITAR-TASS branch) a smaller number of them, up to one copy. Situation with the delivery of publications produced in small runs is particularly alarming, as well as there are certain difficulties with the delivery of periodicals, including newspapers.General provisions of the Law “On Legal Deposit copy of documents” also apply to the copies of printed publications in electronic form. Their inclusion in the LD has led to significant changes for both document producers and LD recipient organizations. In 2017, only 518 of 5775 Russian publishers sent to the RBC the LD copies of printed publications in electronic form. The total number of electronic copies sent amounted to 24.5 thousand (about 21% of all publications issued in the country in traditional printed form).There are different ways to solve the arisen problems. The libraries-recipient constantly put the question on the need to strengthen the responsibility of manufacturers of documents for the incomplete or undelivered LD. Currently, the Russian State Library (RSL) has developed and published the “Declaration of the RSL on the work with Legal Deposit copy of the printed publication in electronic form”, which explains the most important principles of work with LD of the RSL as the operator of the National Electronic Library. The article considers a number of proposals on improvement of the LD system, in particular, of the RBC, the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Fundamental Library of the Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences. The author concludes that it is necessary to take effective measures to ensure the complete and timely delivery of documents from their manufacturers and stepwise inclusion in the LD of new documents that exist only in the electronic form.

scholarly journals The analysis of the range of antipsoriatic medicines used in the local treatment of mild psoriasis in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
A. S. Nemchenko ◽  
Yu.S. Taranenko ◽  
Ie. V. Gladukh ◽  
V. I. Mishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Trade Names ◽  
Further Development

Today, according to various authors, the prevalence of psoriasis is 12-15% of the total number of skin diseases. The incidence of psoriasis in countries with high economic development is 1.5-2%. Therefore, the development of new drugs for the treatment of psoriasis is an urgent problem of domestic pharmacy. Aim. To analyze the range of antipsoriatic drugs used in the local treatment of mild psoriasis in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The assortment of drugs was analyzed in accordance with the State Registry of Medicines of Ukraine and the АТС classification system. In the course of the research, the content analysis and the analysis of scientific information using internet sources on the selected topic were performed; analytical and statistical methods of analysis were applied. Results. According to the retrospective analysis, there is a constant change in the ratio of domestic and foreign producers during the study period. It has been determined that 17.5 % are occupied by semisolid dosage forms; cream (10.0 %), paste (5.0 %) and gel (2.5 %) are the closest in the form to the drug proposed for introduction. The analysis of dermatological drugs compared to the analogs has allowed us to determine that there are 8 trade names at the domestic pharmaceutical market. Among them, 75.0 % have a synthetic component, while 25.0 % are combined preparations (herbal components and synthetic composition) Conclusions. The range of antipsoriatic drugs in the local treatment of mild psoriasis has been analyzed in the article. In recent years, the research on the treatment of this disease has been actively conducted due to the large number of patients. There is a need to develop new effective domestic anti-psoriatic drugs. It is advisable to carry out further development of new drugs of the combined composition for the treatment of mild psoriasis. Key words: antipsoriatic medicines; assortment analysis; forms of psoriasis; local treatment.

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