scholarly journals Norwegian Emergency Medicine Systems’ Training and Equipment for Penetrating Injuries: A National Survey-Based Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sigurd W. Blix ◽  
Jørgen Melau ◽  
Nina Thorvaldsen ◽  
Inger Lund-Kordahl
Keyword(s):  
Medical Training ◽  
Tension Pneumothorax ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Penetrating Injuries ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Nation Wide Survey ◽  
Needle Decompression

Abstract Objective: Recent terror attacks led the Norwegian government to develop a procedure for emergency and law enforcement services cooperation during Active Violent Incidents (AVI, abbreviated PLIVO in Norwegian). To address further national initiatives to improve preparedness for mass casualty events and penetrating injuries among emergency medical services (EMS) in Norway, training and equipment status were mapped. Methods: All EMS regions in Norway were invited to participate in an electronic nation-wide survey about practical medical training in PLIVO scenario training and specific training in hemorrhage control and penetrating injuries. Results: Ninety percent (842/938) had attended at least 1 PLIVO training scenario. Of these, 76% (642/938) reported only evacuation training during the exercise, while only 20% (168/938) had practiced hemorrhage control. Eighty-one percent (760/938) respondents reported that they were equipped with tourniquets and 91% (853/938) were equipped with gauze to pack wounds. However, only 52% (487/938) and 48% (450/938) reported practical training in tourniquet application and wound packing, respectively, while 30% (280/938) reported that they had no training or only theoretical education in tourniquet application. Supervised practical training on penetrating thoracic injuries was reported by <20%, and <50% reported practical training in needle decompression of a tension pneumothorax. Conclusions: Enhanced focus on training in hemorrhage control and penetrating injuries is needed. This supports the recent decision from the Norwegian government to strengthen the training for EMS in AVI (PLIVO) exercises, by focusing on medical procedures in addition to evacuation training. Although the estimated response rate is 17%, we believe the large number of respondents still make the results valuable.

Role of Nurses in a University Hospital During Mass Casualty Events

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-484
Author(s):  
Michal H. Liebergall ◽  
Nava Braverman ◽  
Shmuel C. Shapira ◽  
Orly Picker Rotem ◽  
Irene Soudry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Level I

Mass casualty events due to terror attacks have escalated throughout Israel since September 2000, with a high proportion of these events occurring in the Jerusalem area. Immediately after news of a large-scale terror attack is received, family/public information centers are set up in all local hospitals to meet the needs of members of the public who call or arrive at hospitals anxious to obtain information about relatives who may have been at the site of the attack. The most urgent task facing these centers is the quick and accurate identification of victims whose identity is in question. To date, some 3000 casualties have been treated at Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center (Hadassah), a level I trauma center. This number accounts for nearly half of Israel’s total number of casualties from terror attacks during this period. Extensive experience has led the hospital to develop a unique organizational model for its family/public information center; in this model, members of the nursing staff identify casualties. The experience and knowledge gained in dealing with terror events also can be applied to other types of mass casualty events, such as major road or work accidents.

scholarly journals Protect Our Kids: a novel program bringing hemorrhage control to schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tobias ◽  
Aaron Cunningham ◽  
Kelsi Krakauer ◽  
Deepthi Nacharaju ◽  
Lori Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Sandy Hook Elementary School ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Following the shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School, the Hartford Consensus produced the Stop the Bleed program to train bystanders in hemorrhage control. In our region, the police bureau delivers critical incident training to public schools, offering instruction in responding to violent or dangerous situations. Until now, widespread training in hemorrhage control has been lacking. Our group developed, implemented and evaluated a novel program integrating hemorrhage control into critical incident training for school staff in order to blunt the impact of mass casualty events on children. Methods The staff of 25 elementary and middle schools attended a 90-minute course incorporating Stop the Bleed into the critical incident training curriculum, delivered on-site by police officers, nurses and doctors over a three-day period. The joint program was named Protect Our Kids. At the conclusion of the course, hemorrhage control kits and educational materials were provided and a four-question survey to assess the quality of training using a ten-point Likert scale was completed by participants and trainers. Results One thousand eighteen educators underwent training. A majority were teachers (78.2%), followed by para-educators (5.8%), counselors (4.4%) and principals (2%). Widely covered by local and state media, the Protect Our Kids program was rated as excellent and effective by a majority of trainees and all trainers rated the program as excellent. Conclusions Through collaboration between trauma centers, police and school systems, a large-scale training program for hemorrhage control and critical incident response can be effectively delivered to schools.

scholarly journals Protect Our Kids: A Novel Program Bringing Hemorrhage Control to Schools

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tobias ◽  
Aaron Cunningham ◽  
Kelsi Krakauer ◽  
Deepthi Nacharaju ◽  
Lori Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Sandy Hook Elementary School ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Following the shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School, the Hartford Consensus produced the Stop the Bleed program to train bystanders in hemorrhage control. In our region, the police bureau delivers critical incident training to public schools, offering instruction in responding to violent or dangerous situations. Until now, widespread training in hemorrhage control has been lacking. Our group developed, implemented and evaluated a novel program integrating hemorrhage control into critical incident training for school staff in order to blunt the impact of mass casualty events on children.Methods: The staff of 25 elementary and middle schools attended a 90-minute course incorporating Stop the Bleed into the critical incident training curriculum, delivered on-site by police officers, nurses and doctors over a three-day period. The joint program was named Protect Our Kids. At the conclusion of the course, hemorrhage control kits and educational materials were provided and a four-question survey to assess the quality of training using a ten-point Likert scale was completed by participants and trainers. Results: 1018 educators underwent training. A majority were teachers (78.2%), followed by para-educators (5.8%), counselors (4.4%) and principals (2%). Widely covered by local and state media, the Protect Our Kids program was rated as excellent and effective by a majority of trainees and all trainers rated the program as excellent. Conclusions: Through collaboration between trauma centers, police and school systems, a large-scale training program for hemorrhage control and critical incident response can be effectively delivered to schools.

Early Diagnosis and Intervention in Mass Casualty Events

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Kutz ◽  
Rachel Dekel ◽  
Shaul Schreiber ◽  
Victor Resnick ◽  
Ornah T. Dolberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Mass Casualty Events

COVID-19: lessons learnt and priorities in trauma and orthopaedic surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Madanipour ◽  
F Iranpour ◽  
T Goetz ◽  
S Khan
Keyword(s):  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Trauma Networks ◽  
Major Incidents ◽  
Bed Capacity ◽  
Orthopaedic Community

The COVID-19 pandemic is the most serious health crisis of our time. Global public measures have been enacted to try to prevent healthcare systems from being overwhelmed. The trauma and orthopaedic (T&O) community has overcome challenges in order to continue to deliver acute trauma care to patients and plan for challenges ahead. This review explores the lessons learnt, the priorities and the controversies that the T&O community has faced during the crisis. Historically, the experience of major incidents in T&O has focused on mass casualty events. The current pandemic requires a different approach to resource management in order to create a long-term, system-sustaining model of care alongside a move towards resource balancing and facilitation. Significant limitations in theatre access, anaesthetists and bed capacity have necessitated adaptation. Strategic changes to trauma networks and risk mitigation allowed for ongoing surgical treatment of trauma. Outpatient care was reformed with the uptake of technology. The return to elective surgery requires careful planning, restructuring of elective pathways and risk management. Despite the hope that mass vaccination will lift the pressure on bed capacity and on bleak economic forecasts, the orthopaedic community must readjust its focus to meet the challenge of huge backlogs in elective caseloads before looking to the future with a robust strategy of integrated resilient pathways. The pandemic will provide the impetus for research that defines essential interventions and facilitates the implementation of strategies to overcome current barriers and to prepare for future crises.

Preventing Pediatric Mass Casualty Events

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Mass Casualty Events

Altered Standards of Care During an Influenza Pandemic: Identifying Ethical, Legal, and Practical Principles to Guide Decision Making

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. S132-S140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Levin ◽  
Rebecca Orfaly Cadigan ◽  
Paul D. Biddinger ◽  
Suzanne Condon ◽  
Howard K. Koh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
State Level ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Public Health Preparedness ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Public Health Officials

ABSTRACTAlthough widespread support favors prospective planning for altered standards of care during mass casualty events, the literature includes few, if any, accounts of groups that have formally addressed the overarching policy considerations at the state level. We describe the planning process undertaken by public health officials in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, along with community and academic partners, to explore the issues surrounding altered standards of care in the event of pandemic influenza. Throughout 2006, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health and the Harvard School of Public Health Center for Public Health Preparedness jointly convened a working group comprising ethicists, lawyers, clinicians, and local and state public health officials to consider issues such as allocation of antiviral medications, prioritization of critical care, and state seizure of private assets. Community stakeholders were also engaged in the process through facilitated discussion of case scenarios focused on these and other issues. The objective of this initiative was to establish a framework and some fundamental principles that would subsequently guide the process of establishing specific altered standards of care protocols. The group collectively identified 4 goals and 7 principles to guide the equitable allocation of limited resources and establishment of altered standards of care protocols. Reviewing and analyzing this process to date may serve as a resource for other states. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3(Suppl 2):S132–S140)

scholarly journals When Direct Pressure Is Not Enough: An Educational Technique for Teaching Wound Packing in Athletic Training Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-286
Author(s):  
Ashley B. Thrasher ◽  
Edward J. Strapp
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Training ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Laboratory Activity ◽  
Civilian Casualty ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Direct Pressure ◽  
Educational Technique

Context Uncontrolled hemorrhage is a major cause of preventable death. Wound care and managing external hemorrhage are important skills for athletic trainers. Objective Describe a laboratory activity used to allow students to practice managing uncontrolled external hemorrhage and wound packing. Background The prevalence of active shooter and other mass casualty events has grown, and a trend to move military-based emergency skills into civilian casualty care has emerged. Athletic trainers are uniquely positioned to respond to catastrophic events at the time of injury. Controlling hemorrhage and rapidly applying a tourniquet or administering wound packing have a great effect in preventing death due to severe hemorrhage. Description An educational technique using a pork shoulder was implemented to provide students with experience in wound packing. Clinical Advantage(s) Students describe this activity as a beneficial way to gain experience on an important skill not often seen in the clinical education setting. Conclusion(s) Faculty may consider implementing wound packing using a pork shoulder as a laboratory activity when teaching wound care and external hemorrhage management.

First Responder Psychological Recovery Following a Mass Casualty Event

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Sara Garrido ◽  
John Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Trauma Recovery ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Columbine High School ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
The Impact

Mass Casualty Events (MCE) have an extraordinary impact on an entire community. The impact on victims' families, survivors, and community members is often the subject of significant attention; however, rarely does the impact on first responders (law enforcement officers, firefighters, dispatchers, crime scene investigators/photographers, etc.) garner the same coverage. Additionally, agencies can quickly become overwhelmed by the magnitude of the response causing them to overlook the psychological impact of these incidents on their personnel. Serving as specialists in police and public safety psychology, crisis intervention, and trauma recovery, the authors reflect on lessons learned from their response to multiple MCEs, including the 1999 Columbine High School shooting and the 2012 Aurora Century 16 Theater shooting, and offer recommendations to agencies regarding crisis response and trauma recovery.

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