Evaluating the Effect of Inert Recruiting on Blood Donations Immediately After the Consecutive Earthquakes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shih-Chien Lu ◽  
Sau-Wei Kuo ◽  
Chih-Hung Ku ◽  
Li-Te Chin
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
The Public ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Perspective Planning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Abstract Objective: Disasters can have impact on the demand and supply of blood, with such a difficult perspective, planning of an appropriate response to counterbalance the need for blood is of paramount importance. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate how the impact of blood imbalances may be absorbed by inert recruitment of donors during 2 life-threatening earthquakes that shook Taiwan on the same date in 2016 and 2018. Method: A retrospective database search from blood bank registries was developed. Results: Despite the public efforts to restrain the flow, a 3- to 4-fold increase in volunteers responded to the earthquakes. This surge alleviated after a day and did not contribute to sub-par collections. Those who donated more than usual immediately after the event were identified as first-time, younger, and female populations. The hospitals providing inpatient care to the injured transfused a slightly decreased amount of packed red cells, whereas the use of whole blood, platelets, and plasma remained stable. The inert recruiting was effective in reducing the duration of donor overabundance. Conclusion: Compared with other examples, the inert recruiting approach was effective in reducing the duration of donor overabundance to 1 day and may be useful for disaster preparedness of transfusion supplies.

scholarly journals Contraception and Sexsual Activity as Factor Influenced Leucorrhea

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Sari Priyanti
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTCervical cancer was non communicable desease that worries the public and causes an increase mortality in women. One of the first sign causes of cervical cancer is occourrence of Leucorrhoe. The incidence of Leucorrhoe in women Indonesia by 90% of which >75% of women experience once of leucorrhoe and experience ≥ 2 times by 25%. Leucorrhoe should not be considered an ordinary thing because can be caused to itchy on genetalia, pain during sexsual, infection  can be caused odema on genetalia, hot like burned on vagina even the impact if not treated promptly will caused infertility and cancer. Aims of study was to analyze factors of influenced on Leucorrhoe incident. Design of study was cross sectional study. Population was women of childbearing age who use contraceptives in the karang jeruk village, Jatirejo sub district, Mojokerto district in March of 2017. Sample in this study was 33 people. Data analyze with logistic regresion. Result of study showed contraceptive and sexsual activity has significant influenced with leucorrhoe (PR = 10.000; 95% CI= 1,732-57,722 dan PR=8,750; 95% CI=1,466-52,232). Suggestion: should be married and have first sexual intercourse for the first time at the age of  ≥ 20 years, limit the number of children not more than 2 as the greater the number of children the greater the risk of Leucorrhoe, and not using hormonal contraception for a along time that more than 2 years. Keywords: contraceptive,sexsual activity, leucorrhoe

PCAOB International Inspections and Audit Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 143-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagan Krishnan ◽  
Jayanthi Krishnan ◽  
Hakjoon Song
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Accounting Firms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Company ◽  
Accounting Numbers ◽  
Abnormal Accruals ◽  
Relevance Measure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT We investigate the impact of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board's (PCAOB) first-time inspections of foreign accounting firms by examining abnormal accruals around the inspection year, and the value relevance of accounting numbers around the inspection report date, for their U.S. cross-listed clients. We document lower abnormal accruals in the post-inspection period, and greater value relevance of accounting numbers in the post-report period for clients of the inspected auditors, compared with non-cross-listed clients or clients of non-inspected auditors within the inspected countries. Comparisons of the PCAOB's joint inspections with PCAOB stand-alone inspections indicate that while both experience lower post-inspection abnormal accruals, the former benefit more than the latter. The value relevance measure, in contrast, shows greater increases for the PCAOB stand-alone inspections than for joint inspections. Comparing the inspection effects for auditors with and without deficiency reports, we find no systematic differences for accruals or for value relevance.

scholarly journals Collective benefits in traffic during mega events via the use of information technologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (129) ◽  
pp. 20161041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Xu ◽  
Marta C. González
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Integrate Data ◽  
Expected Increase

Information technologies today can inform each of us about the route with the shortest time, but they do not contain incentives to manage travellers such that we all get collective benefits in travel times. To that end we need travel demand estimates and target strategies to reduce the traffic volume from the congested roads during peak hours in a feasible way. During large events, the traffic inconveniences in large cities are unusually high, yet temporary, and the entire population may be more willing to adopt collective recommendations for collective benefits in traffic. In this paper, we integrate, for the first time, big data resources to estimate the impact of events on traffic and propose target strategies for collective good at the urban scale. In the context of the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, we first predict the expected increase in traffic. To that end, we integrate data from mobile phones, Airbnb, Waze and transit information, with game schedules and expected attendance in each venue. Next, we evaluate different route choice scenarios for drivers during the peak hours. Finally, we gather information on the trips that contribute the most to the global congestion which could be redirected from vehicles to transit. Interestingly, we show that (i) following new route alternatives during the event with individual shortest times can save more collective travel time than keeping the routine routes used before the event, uncovering the positive value of information technologies during events; (ii) with only a small proportion of people selected from specific areas switching from driving to public transport, the collective travel time can be reduced to a great extent. Results are presented online for evaluation by the public and policymakers ( www.flows-rio2016.com (last accessed 3 September 2017)).

Racism and police investigations: individual redress, public interests and collective change after the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000

Legal Studies ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Field ◽  
Pauline Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Race Relations ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Police Investigations ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
Human Rights Act ◽  
Human Rights Act 1998 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Limited Scope

This paper considers the impact of the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000. It focuses on the kind of situation presented by the Stephen Lawrence murder investigation where racist stereotypes and assumptions infect both police inquiries into serious violent crime and the treatment of victims or their families. It first demonstrates the limited scope of individual redress available prior to the Act in such situations (examining police complaints mechanisms, private prosecutions, misfeasance in public office, judicial review and negligence). It links limitations in the scope of individual redress to a traditional priority accorded to public interests. The Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000 gives individuals a general right to sue the police for racial discrimination in investigations. It is argued that a similar right probably now exists – at least in the context of life-threatening violence – under the Human Rights Act 1998. These developments seem to signal a shift in the balance between individual rights and the limiting claims of public interests. But the singularity of the 2000 Act is that, in introducing the mechanisms and logic of anti-discrimination law into the criminal process, it creates the potential for a more interactive relationship between individual complaint and the public interest in the collective promotion of change.

A Study of the Relationship between a Going Concern Opinion and Its Financial Distress Metrics

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Desai ◽  
Joung W. Kim ◽  
Rajendra P. Srivastava ◽  
Renu V. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Financial Viability ◽  
Going Concern ◽  
Going Concern Opinion ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT The primary objective of this paper is to employ search engine technology to investigate the relationship between first-time going concern opinions (GCOs) and the financial viability of the GCO recipients using delisting as a criterion rather than bankruptcy. The paper also investigates the impact of client distress factors on auditors' propensity to issue GCOs. The search engine enables us to examine the entire population of 10-K filings from 1995 to 2015 and also to obtain delisting data, which are not readily available in commercial databases. Contrary to prior research, we find that the survival rate of first-time GCOs is much lower when we use delisting as a measure of financial viability. Around 26 percent of the companies that receive their first GCOs are delisted within a period of one year of the audit opinion date, and 50 percent of the companies that receive their first GCOs are delisted within a period of three years. The bankruptcy rate of first-time GCO companies within one year is around 9 percent. Such evidence may prove useful to the PCAOB's effort to expeditiously assess the intended benefit of GCOs. In addition, we find that the propensity of auditors to issue GCOs varies for each distress factor.

MO417NEPHROLOGIST INTERVENTION TO AVOID KIDNEY REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Chávez ◽  
Pablo Maggiani-Aguilera ◽  
Andres De la Torre-Quiroga ◽  
Alejandro Martínez-Gallardo Gonzalez ◽  
Ramón Medina-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Early Interventions ◽  
Kidney Replacement Therapy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Antibiotic Dose

Abstract Background and Aims Based on the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) it is plausible that certain early interventions by the nephrologist could influence its trajectory. In this study, we investigated the impact of 5 early nephrology interventions on starting kidney replacement therapy (KRT), AKI progression and death. Method In a prospective cohort at Hospital Civil of Guadalajara, we followed-up for 10 days AKI patients in whom a nephrology consultation was requested. We analyzed 5 early interventions of the nephrology team (fluid adjustment, nephrotoxic withdrawal, antibiotic dose adjustment, nutritional adjustment and removal of hyperchloremic solutions) after propensity score and multivariate analysis for the risk of starting KRT (primary objective), AKI progression to stage 3 and death (secondary objectives). Results From 2017 to 2020 we analyzed 288 AKI patients. The mean age was 55.3 years, 60.7% were male, AKI KDIGO stage 3 was present in 50.5% of them, sepsis was the main etiology 50.3%, and 72 (25%) patients started KRT. The overall survival was 84.4%. Fluid adjustment was the only intervention associated with a decreased risk for starting KRT (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.48-0.70, p = <0.001) and AKI progression to stage 3 (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.49-0.71, p = <0.001). Receiving vasopressors and KRT were associated with mortality, but neither of these interventions reduced these risks. Conclusion In this prospective cohort study of AKI patients, we found for the first time that early nephrologist intervention and fluid prescription adjustment was associated with a reduction in the risk of starting KRT and progression to AKI stage 3.

Evaluating the efficacy of the AAP “Pediatrics in Disaster” course: The Chinese experience

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Cooper, MD ◽  
Hongyan Guan, MD ◽  
Kathleen M. Ventre, MD ◽  
Yaohua Dai, MD ◽  
Zonghan Zhu, MD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Cognitive Knowledge ◽  
Disaster Preparedness And Response ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Relief Efforts

Objective: “Pediatrics in Disasters” (PEDS) is a course designed by the American Academy of Pediatrics to provide disaster preparedness and response training to pediatricians worldwide. China has managed to sustain the course and adapt its content for local needs. China has also experienced several natural disasters since the course’s inception, providing an opportunity to evaluate the impact of courses that took place in Beijing and Sichuan, in 2008-2010.Methods: We used pretesting/post-testing, participant surveys, and in-depth interviews to evaluate whether the course imparted cognitive knowledge, was perceived as useful, and fostered participation in relief efforts and disaster preparedness planning.Results: In Beijing and Sichuan, post-test scores were 16 percent higher than pretest scores. On immediate postcourse surveys, 86 percent of Beijing and Sichuan respondents rated the course as very good or excellent. On 6-month surveys, participants identified emotional impact of disasters, planning/triage, and nutrition as the three most useful course modules. Twelve of 75 (16 percent) of Beijing respondents reported direct involvement in disaster response activities following the course; eight of 12 were first-time responders. Participant interviews revealed a need for more training in providing nutritional and psychological support to disaster victims and to train a more diverse group of individuals in disaster response.Conclusions: PEDS imparts cognitive knowledge and is highly valued by course participants. Emotional impact of disasters, planning/triage, and nutrition modules were perceived as the most relevant modules. Future versions of the course should include additional emphasis on emotional care for disaster victims and should be extended to a broader audience.

scholarly journals Human Metapneumovirus: A Largely Unrecognized Threat to Human Health

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J. Russell ◽  
Rhiannon R. Penkert ◽  
Sonnie Kim ◽  
Julia L. Hurwitz
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Development ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Respiratory Tract Disease ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Disease ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infects most children by five years of age. The virus can cause both upper and lower respiratory tract disease and can be life threatening. High-risk populations include young children who are exposed to virus for the first time and the elderly. Currently, there is no standard treatment nor licensed vaccine for HMPV, although several attractive vaccine candidates have been developed for pre-clinical studies. A raised awareness of the impact of HMPV on public health is needed to drive research, complete vaccine development, and thereby prevent significant virus-associated morbidities and mortalities worldwide.

scholarly journals The impact of market timing on capital structure: Evidence from Vietnamese listed companies

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (Q3) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Tra Thanh Ngo ◽  
Tuyen Van Tran ◽  
Diep Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Market Timing ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Leverage Ratio ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

This study uses the theory of market timing in considering capital structure of the sample of 430 companies which are listed on Vietnam's stock market and implemented IPO in the period of 2006 - 2012. Following the research method of Alti (2006), the article used the variable HOT to represent the factor of market timing in order to understand the relationship between this variable and leverage variable in the short-term (in the year of IPO) and in the long-term (year of IPO + 1, IPO + 2, ..., IPO + 6). The results showed no statistically significant evidence about the negative relationship between the HOT and leverage ratios. It implies that in the first time that companies issue their share capital to the public, the ―active‖ or ―gloomy‖ situation of market is not related to the leverage ratio at the moment of observation. In addition, the results also showed that variables relating to characteristics of company such as growth potential, profitability and scale have a statistically significant relation to capital structure and tangible has no impact on leverage ratio.

scholarly journals The Scope of the Powers of the Minister of Finance in Terms of Section 48(1)(b) of the Customs and Excise Act 91 of 1964: An Appraisal of Recent Developments in Case Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Clive Vinti
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Veto Power ◽  
High Court ◽  
The Public ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

This paper evaluates the scope of the powers of the Minister of Finance upon a request from the Minister of Trade and Industry to amend Schedule 1 to the Customs and Excise Act 91 of 1964 (hereafter, CEA) in respect of imported goods as provided by section 48(1)(b) of the CEA. This assessment entails a case analysis of the High Court decisions in South Africa Sugar Association v the Minister of Trade and Industry 2017 4 All SA 555 (GP) and Pioneer Foods (Pty) Ltd v Minister of Finance 2017 ZAWCHC 110 (29 September 2017). These two cases offer for the first time, clarification on the nature of the power conferred on the Minister of Finance by section 48(1)(b) of the CEA. The High Court in these two cases rejected the argument that the role of the Minister of Finance in respect of the power conferred upon him/her by section 48(1)(b) is that of a "registrar" who merely 'rubberstamps' the decision of the Minister of Trade and Industry. Consequently, the High Court in both matters held that a veto power is conferred on the Minister of Finance which permits him/her to either accept or decline the request of the Minister of Trade and Industry to amend Schedule 1 of the CEA.To the contrary, this paper argues that if the Minister of Finance declines the request of the Minister of Trade and Industry, s/he is not 'giving effect' to the request of the Minister of Trade and Industry as required by section 48(1)(b) of the CEA and is thus acting ultra vires because s/he is assuming powers which never conferred on him/her by the legislature. This paper also argues that the High Court in both matters, misconstrued the relationship between section 48(1)(b) and the "public interest" provisions in section 48 and thus unjustifiably stripped the Minister of Trade and Industry of his/her power to implement an amendment to Schedule 1. In the final analysis, this paper explores the impact of the Customs Duty Act 30 of 2014 on the Minister of Finance's powers in this regard.    

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