scholarly journals Evaluation of Risk Perception of COVID-19 Disease: A Community-Based Participatory Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezat Samadipour ◽  
Fatemeh Ghardashi ◽  
Nahid Aghaei
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Close Supervision ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT Objective: How people behave in a crisis depends on their understanding and evaluation of risk and vulnerability. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the Iranians’ risk perception of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods: An online survey was applied, which resulted in the collection of information on demographics, the 5 dimensions of risk perception (cognitive, political, social, cultural, and emotional), and trust in the government among the Iranian users of social networks. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical tests of SPSS (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY) software, and confirmatory factor analysis of Amos software. Results: A total of 364 persons from 20 provinces completed the questionnaire during February 25 to March 2, 2020. More than 80% of the participants believed that negligence and lack of close supervision of the authorities have led to the spread of COVID-19. The mean (SD) risk perception was 58.77 (± 10.11), indicating the medium level of risk perception of people. The second-order confirmatory factor analysis also indicated that cultural dimension had the highest positive correlation (0.96), emotional dimension had the highest negative correlation (-0.65), and social dimension had the least correlation with the risk perception model (0.08). Conclusion: Iranians’ risk perception of the COVID-19 outbreak is not optimal, and it seems necessary to improve it.

scholarly journals Are Negative Attitudes Toward Dreams Just the Inverse of Positive Attitudes Toward Dreams? An Empirical Investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Nina Burau ◽  
Rebecca Kunkel ◽  
Julia Lanzl
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Dream Recall ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

As dreaming is a universal phenomenon, it seems natural that everyone has a more or less explicitly defined attitude toward dreams. Recent studies indicate that positive and negative attitude toward dream scales—even given there is considerable overlap—might not be related to the same variables. The findings of the present online survey ( N = 2,056) using 22 attitude items indicated that positive and negative attitudes can be differentiated through confirmatory factor analysis and that variables like age, education, and frequent dream recall are differentially associated with positive and negative attitudes toward dreams. It would be very interesting to expand this study to investigate whether other variables, personality dimensions, general skepticism and so on, are associated with positive and negative attitudes toward dreams in different ways.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of NEO-FFI-20 in a Portuguese Sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S255-S255
Author(s):  
J.F. Dourado ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
C. Marques ◽  
J. Azevedo ◽  
V. Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
On The Road

IntroductionThe Five-Factor Model organizes human personality traits under a comprehensive framework of five dimensions–neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness. The dimensions are empirical generalizations of enduring differences in behavioural, emotional and cognitive patterns between individuals. The Portuguese version of the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI-20) is increasingly used as it is the shortest version to evaluate the “Big 5”.ObjectiveTo investigate the reliability and the validity of the Portuguese version of NEO-FFI-20-item (Bertoquini & Pais Ribeiro) in a Portuguese sample, using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA).Methods747 participants [417 (55.8%) women; mean age = 42.13 ± 12.349 years] answered an online survey which included the NEO-FFI-20 and socio-demographic questions. The total sample was randomly divided in two sub-samples (sample A, n = 373; sample B, n = 374). Sample A was used to EFA and sample B was used to CFA.ResultsThe Portuguese version of NEO-FFI-20, excluding items 14 and 16, had an acceptable fit to the data (χ2/df = 2.28; TLI = .88; CFI = .90; RMSEA = .06; P = .059). The internal consistency analysis resulted in: Neuroticism, α = .68; Extraversion, α = .62; Openness to Experience, α = .74; Agreeableness, α = .70; and Conscientiousness, α = .74.ConclusionsThe NEO-FFI-20 can be used to reliably and validly evaluate the BIG FIVE in an ongoing research project on traffic psychology to better understand and respond to risky behaviours on the road.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Occupational risk perception: A scale development study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Berna Aksoy ◽  
Eylem Pasli Gurdogan
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Background and objective: The determination of occupational risk perception is the basic tool for making attitude and behaviour changes, for improving health and safety sense.  In the present paper, we aim to develop a reliable and valid occupational risk perception measurement.Methods: Cross-sectional survey design was used in the 2015-2016 academic year with a sample of involved students studying in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades (N = 439). 423 nursing students was recruited in the study. We evaluated the reliability and validity, consistency by using explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha values and The Pearson correlation coefficients of the new scale.Results: After the explanatory factor analysis the scale was composed of 17 items and 3 subscales which named psychological and ergonomic risks subscale and person and institution-related risks subscale and the physical environment subscale. The Cronbach’s alpha of the scale was 0.826. The scale’s confirmatory factor analysis showed good conformance.Conclusions: The scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for measuring occupational risk perceptions among nursing students. This scale is used to determine the occupational risk perceptions in the field of healthcare.

scholarly journals Development of the Bicycle Constraints Scale: Validity and reliability studyBisiklet Engelleri Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velittin Balcı ◽  
Oğuz Özbek ◽  
Funda Koçak ◽  
Senem Çeyiz
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Reliability Study ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Measuring Tool ◽  
Individual Dimension

The purpose of this study is to develop the "Bicycle Handicap Scale (BHS)" and to test the validity of the scale to demonstrate the obstacles bicyclists encounter. 292 bicycle riders cycling in Eskisehir and Ankara for various purposes for transportation or recr[1]eational purposes in their daily life were participated voluntarily. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed in order to ensure the validity of the BEÖ structure. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, a 5-dimensional structure was obtained on the scale. In the confirmatory factor analysis, five factorial structure was tested and it was determined that the obtained model was in accordance with the compliance criteria. According to this, BEÖ consists of 30 items consisting of 8 items in individual dimension, 5 items in law and regulation, 6 items in socio-cultural dimension, 7 items in physical and economic dimension and 4 items in infrastructure dimension. The internal consistency coefficient of the BEÖ was .92 for the scale, and between .89 and .73 for the subscales of the scale. As a result; It has been found that BEÖ is a useful measuring tool, developed to measure the attitudes of cyclists towards the obstacles encountered while riding a bicycle as a result of the validity and reliability studies conducted.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, bisiklet kullanıcılarının karşılaştıkları engelleri ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla “Bisiklet Engelleri Ölçeği’ni (BEÖ)” geliştirmek ve ölçeğin geçerlik güvenirlik çalışmasını yapmaktır. Araştırma tarama modelindedir. Araştırmaya Eskişehir ve Ankara’da bisikleti olan ve günlük yaşamında ulaşım amaçlı veya rekreatif amaçlı olarak çeşitli amaçlarla bisiklet kullanan 292 bisiklet kullanıcısı gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. BEÖ’nün yapı geçerliğini sağlamak amacıyla açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ölçekte 5 boyutlu yapı elde edilmiştir. Yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde ise beş faktörlü yapı sınanmış ve elde edilen modelin uyum ölçütlerine uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna göre BEÖ, bireysel boyutunda 8 madde, yasa ve mevzuat boyutunda 5 madde, sosyo-kültürel boyutunda 6 madde, fiziksel ve ekonomik boyutunda 7 madde ve alt yapı boyutunda 4 madde olmak üzere 30 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin geneli için BEÖ’nün iç tutarlık katsayısı, .92, alt boyutları içinse .89 ile .73 arasında bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak; yapılan geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması sonucunda bisiklet kullanıcılarının bisiklete binerken karşılaştıkları engellere yönelik tutumlarını ölçmek amacıyla geliştiren BEÖ’nün kullanılabilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Toward a General Theory of Risk Perception

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (14) ◽  
pp. 984-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher William Schacherer
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Valid Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Perception Process

Several risk perception studies employing univariate techniques have found very strong predictors of risk perceptions, but these results are of limited use in describing the cognitive process that results in perception of risk. Also, although a few multivariate investigations have been conducted, the validity of the obtained results are similarly limited due to concern over deriving easily interpretable solutions. The present study, therefore, attempts to derive a more valid model of the risk perception process through confirmatory factor analysis based on previously reported findings.

scholarly journals Development and psychometrics properties of a questionnaire to measure the general perception of COVID-19 risk in Iran: A structural equation modeling approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezat Samadipour ◽  
Fatemeh Ghardashi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Psychometrics Properties ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Abstract Background Risk perception in this COVID19 situation is important and its measurement tool can be useful in terms of the making of social health policy. This study aimed to develop and psychometrics properties of a new scale, for assessing general perception of Covid-19 risk (GPCOVID-19R) in Iran.Methods A methodological study with a structural equation model approach was used to develop and psychometrics the GPCOVID-19 R questionnaire. First, qualitative method, an operational definition of risk perception of COVID-19 was presented by 10 experts. The item generation and scale development were performed through literature review, a qualitative approach, and interviews with an expert panel. Then, the psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated by means of cross-sectional studies. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and scale correlation were performed using Amos software version 23.Results 304 users of social groups in Tehran province participated in completing the online questionnaire. The results of psychometric properties of the questionnaire indicate the desired validity and reliability. The exploratory factor analysis revealed five factors, containing 20 items. The confirmatory factor analysis showed a model with appropriate fitness for the data.Conclusion The results of the study suggest that GPCOVID-19R is a reliable and valid tool for measuring Iranians' general perception of Covid-19 risk.

scholarly journals Independence of corporate governance and its relation to financial performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Cesar Freire ◽  
Felix Carrera ◽  
Paola Auquilla ◽  
Gabriela Hurtado
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Government

Most studies in the area of corporate governance measure certain characteristics and the effects on financial performance; however, other authors only focus on profitability and do not analyze financial performance in all its dimensions; this is relevant because in some situations the government corporate governance can influence performance measured by liquidity, solvency or activity. The aim of the study is to relate the independence of corporate governance and the financial performance of non-listed companies using econometric techniques. This process was carried out by collecting primary information for the independent variable and secondary data for the dependent variable; the independence of corporate governance was measured by applying a confirmatory factor analysis to data collected through a survey, while the financial performance was measured through average Z factors created for liquidity, solvency, profitability and activity indicators. As a result, it was found that the independence of corporate governance influenced financial performance, but this relationship was statistically significant only with solvency and activity variables. As a result, it can be seen that there is a direct relationship between corporate governance independence and financial performance, in such a way that if the perception of board independence increases, financial performance can increase positively. Acknowledgments An acknowledgment to department SINDE from University Catholique Santiago of Guayaquil, who helped with the necessary resources to conduct this research.

scholarly journals The GAP Model of e-Government Service in Thailand e-Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Sudarat Pongamponkaiwan ◽  
Adisorn Leelasantitham
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Actual Service ◽  
The Government

The objectives of this research were to develop service quality factors for Thailand’s e-Tourism provided by the government. This was done using Thai tourists as the samples who have used Thailand’s e-Tourism service to find out service quality using a total of 385 samples and determining the confidence level at 95 percent. The tool used for data collection was a service quality questionnaire for Thailand’s e-Tourism provided by the government. The confidence level for the whole research effort was 0.856 and the confidence level for each question was in the range 0.824-0.926. The statistics used in the data analysis included confidence test, frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of dispersion, skewness, kurtosis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results of the study showed that the exploratory factor analysis of the expectations and actual service received gave five factors (KMO = 0.789). Those indicators were not different from the theoretical models obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis. The five factors included 1) Tangibles, 2) Reliability, 3) Responsiveness, 4) Assurance, and 5) Empathy. The factors’ indicators are not different from the theoretical models. The researchers have modified the component of the second confirmatory factor analysis (S-CFA) model to check the construct validity of the scale after modifying the component and found Chi Square = 220.734, df = 165,     P = 0.002, Chi Square/df = 1.338, GFI = 0.913, AGFI = 0.878, CFI = 0.980, (RMR) = 0.018, and RMSEA = 0.040. This indicates that expectation for service, and actual service received, which affect user satisfaction, can create users’ loyalty. This results in the analytical model for the service quality component for Thailand’s e-Tourism provided by the government matching the empirical data

scholarly journals Inclusion at universities: Psychometric properties of an inclusive management scale as perceived by students

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262011
Author(s):  
María José Solis-Grant ◽  
Camila Espinoza-Parçet ◽  
Cristóbal Sepúlveda-Carrasco ◽  
Cristhian Pérez-Villalobos ◽  
Iván Rodríguez-Núñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One

Introduction During the last century, the inclusion of all kinds of diversity became a social imperative in all social spaces but above all in some institutions such as the educational ones. Among these, inclusion has been least studied in the tertiary education organizations. This communication proposes and evaluates the psychometric properties of a new instrument, named Inclusive Management in Tertiary Institutions Scale (IMTIS), to assess inclusive management in universities. Method The researchers used a quantitative research model through survey. We based on the Index for Inclusion to design the IMTIS. We first submitted it to the assessment of experts. Then we applied the resulting version in an online survey including a sample of 1557 students from two universities and 121 different undergraduate careers. A panel of experts judged the content validity of the instrument. Participants answered the IMTIS after informed consent. We used confirmatory factor analysis to assess the construct validity of the instrument. We also evaluated the reliability of the measurements. Results From a kit of 33 originally proposed items, we obtained a version of 22 items with CVR between 0.60 and 1.00, and a IVC = 0.78. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the six-factor solution had a better adjustment than the one and three factors solutions (RMSEA = 0.059; CFI = 0.947; TLI = 0.937). The McDonald ω coefficients were between 0.864 and 0.922. Conclusion The results deliver evidence that supports the validity and reliability of the IMTIS measurements to carry out research and diagnosis of inclusive management in higher education institutions.

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