scholarly journals National Preferred Interpersonal Distance Curbs the Spread of COVID-19: A Cross-Country Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yunus Gokmen ◽  
Ufuk Turen ◽  
Haluk Erdem ◽  
İsmail Tokmak
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cultural Characteristic ◽  
Interpersonal Distance ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Spread Dynamics ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country

ABSTRACT Objectives: National interpersonal distance preference is considered a cultural characteristic. Interpersonal distance is critical for the spread dynamics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19’s spread trend shows various characteristics in different countries. We believe that 1 of the factors influencing this variation could be national interpersonal distance preference. Methods: We used regression analysis based on data of national interpersonal distance preferences (social, personal, and intimate) presented by Sorokowska et al. and COVID-19 rate of spread data for 40 different countries that were calculated using Our World in Data’s data. Results: National interpersonal distance preferences, with its 3 dimensions, significantly influence the rate of spread of COVID-19 in countries. Conclusion: Understanding the relation between national interpersonal distance preference and spread of COVID-19 might be very useful information in decision-making processes of individuals, societies, and governments to develop culturally well-suited counter-pandemic policies, strategies, and procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic or any epidemic or pandemic threats in the future, instead of standard fit-to-all strategies.

An Analysis of Congestion During Running Events from the Perspective of Runners: Prevalence, Impact on Safety and Satisfaction, and Preferred Controls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Peckover ◽  
Aldo Raineri ◽  
Aaron T Scanlan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
The Future ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to examine the views of runners regarding their experiences with congestion during running events, including its prevalence, its impact on their safety and satisfaction, and their preferred controls to mitigate congestion. Runners (n = 222) with varied experience participating in running events (1-5+ years, 5-km races to Ultramarathons, and a mixture of road, trail, and cross-country events) completed an electronic survey. The survey was developed to assess the characteristics of respondents, whether they have experienced congestion during running events, the impact of congestion they have experienced during running events on their safety and satisfaction, and their preferred controls for congestion during running events. Survey data indicated runners had experienced some form of congestion prior to the race in the start corrals (93% of respondents), as the race started (97% of respondents), and during the race while running (88% of respondents). In turn, 73% of respondents indicated their experiences with congestion somewhat to extremely (i.e., rating of at least 3 on a 5-point Likert scale) negatively impacted their satisfaction with an event, while 43% of respondents indicated congestion somewhat to extremely negatively impacted their safety during an event. Regarding the impact of congestion on runner safety, 38% of respondents indicated they had slipped, while 27% of respondents indicated they had fallen during running events due to congestion. Further, congestion was attributed to injuries sustained (9%) and not finishing a race due to sustaining an injury (5%) during running events in some respondents. Respondents identified seeding runners based on previous run times (91%), use of wave starts (91%), and designing courses with limited pinch points, U-turns, and narrow paths (89%) as their most preferred controls to mitigate congestion during running events. Respondents resoundingly indicated self-seeding is not an effective method of managing congestion during running events. This study provides novel evidence that congestion is an issue for runners during running events, subsequently diminishing their satisfaction with events and posing safety concerns. In this way, race directors should involve runners in their decision-making processes when implementing appropriate controls to combat congestion for minimising injury risk to runners and ensuring a viable participant base remains attracted to their events in the future.

scholarly journals International Tourism and Outbreak of Coronavirus (COVID-19): A Cross-Country Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 004728752093159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Farzanegan ◽  
Hassan F. Gholipour ◽  
Mehdi Feizi ◽  
Robin Nunkoo ◽  
Amir Eslami Andargoli
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Socioeconomic Determinants ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
High Flows ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between international tourism and COVID-19 cases and associated deaths in more than 90 nations. We use a cross-country regression analysis and find a positive correlation between international tourism and the cumulated level of COVID-19 confirmed cases and death by April 30, 2020. Our regression analyses show that countries exposed to high flows of international tourism are more prone to cases and deaths caused by the COVID-19 outbreak. This association is robust even after controlling for other socioeconomic determinants of COVID-19 outbreak and regional dummies. Based on our estimations, a 1% higher level of inbound and outbound tourism is associated with 1.2% and 1.4% higher levels of confirmed COVID-19 cases and death, respectively, controlling for other factors. When we normalize the number of cases and death by size of population, the statistical significance remains robust, especially for the COVID-19 deaths, while the effect size reduces.

scholarly journals The formalized framework for decision-making in child protection care orders: A cross-country analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill D Berrick ◽  
Sue Peckover ◽  
Tarja Pösö ◽  
Marit Skivenes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country

scholarly journals A Study on factors influencing Consumers Behavior while availing Hospitality services

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Dr.Meenakshi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Consumer Awareness ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The People ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Area Unit

Consumer behavior (CB) involves acts, attitudes, ideas or experiences that fulfill the patron's wishes and expectations (Solomon, 1996). This involves all activities that are directly involved in the acquisition, use and disposal of products and services, including the preceding and related decision-making processes. ' (Engel, Blackwell, & Miniard, 1995). When hospitality services are found and used, certain factors influence the decision-making process. The paper is predicated on a close review of studies coping with the hospitality business, for this purpose numerous analysis papers, websites and books area unit consulted for a close literature review and also the vital gaps area unit determined within the studies on the idea of that the researcher is developed the analysis downside, made hypothesis and chalked out an appropriate analysis, sampling style and hypothesis. Delhi is taken as sampling of analysis and every one the people higher than fifteen years aged were taken because the population of analysis. Sample size was calculated statistically and was more divided in 2 elements as a result of study is administrated on the idea of gender. The sampling was done proportionately from all the zones of Delhi. Data was taken from primary in addition as secondary sources. Paper analyzes consumer awareness of the hospitality industry's Marketing mix policies. Study can so assist the welcome business to draw and customize their policies. The present analysis is administrated from the view of the buyer.

Characterizing Global Activity Schedule Adjustment Behavior by Using a Sequence Alignment Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 1926 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Hyeon Joh ◽  
John W. Polak ◽  
Tomás Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sequence Alignment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Alignment Method ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Activity Schedule ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Schedule Modification ◽  
Global Activity

Considerable interest has developed recently in the decision-making processes underlying activity schedule adjustment. This paper suggests a method, based on sequence alignment techniques, to measure schedule adjustment behavior and applies the method to develop a model of the factors influencing schedule adjustment, with the use of data from a recent Internet-administered survey. The results indicate that the amount of schedule modification that occurs is largely determined by characteristics of the planned schedule instead of background socioeconomic or activity-related variables. The implications of this finding for future research in this area are considered.

Factors Influencing the Incidence of Bribery Payouts by Firms: A Cross-Country Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjing Chen ◽  
Mahmut Yaşar ◽  
Roderick M. Rejesus
Keyword(s):  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country

scholarly journals How uncertainty influences decision-making effectiveness in conceptual ship design processes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Jose Jorge Garcia Agis ◽  
Per Olaf Brett ◽  
Stein Ove Erikstad
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Decision Making Processes

BACKGROUND: Understanding how and why the development of conceptual ship designs sometimes become ineffective is essential for ship design firms. Our proposition is that in many projects, uncertainty influences negatively the effectiveness of the decision-making process. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to quantify the perception of uncertainty in conceptual ship design processes. METHODS: In this article, we propose a research model to study such a phenomenon. The research model is tested using multivariate regression analysis, building on a survey conducted among 23 shipping companies. RESULTS: Our model suggests that 14% ( R 2 ) of the variability in the effectiveness of decision-making processes in ship design can be explained by changes in the perception of uncertainty. We can extract three interesting insights from this research work for the ship design practitioners as to how to improve the effectiveness of their design processes: (i) put more effort into the contextual factors affecting the ship design process, (ii) improve the communication with vessel owners and other stakeholders, and (iii) improve the agility of the design process. CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to research on uncertainty in ship design processes by: (a) proposing an investigative model, (b) developing and testing a survey instrument and (c) running a multivariate regression analysis to study the effect of perceived uncertainty on the effectiveness of decision-making processes in conceptual ship design.

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