Construction and Grouping of a Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces Provincial-Level Mobile Rescue Hospital System

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-506
Author(s):  
Baoguo Yu ◽  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Song Bai ◽  
Xuexian Shan ◽  
Qi Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
Service Support ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Response Flexibility ◽  
Rescue System ◽  
Frequent Variety ◽  
Police Forces

AbstractIn recent years, with the increasingly frequent variety of large-scale disasters that have happened in China, the Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces (PAP) has undertaken increasingly frequent and diversified tasks, which has led to greater requirements for the construction of emergency medical rescue equipment. Therefore, as determined by the characteristics of the PAP’s tasks and based on the construction of special boxes and frame tent equipment, a new PAP mobile rescue hospital system was successfully developed, and all PAP provincial-level medical rescue teams have been equipped with this system. In the present article, we describe this mobile rescue hospital system, which is mainly composed of professional emergency vehicles, frame-type tents, and advanced medical equipment. The system has the following characteristics: significant integration, a fast response, flexibility, and practicability. The mobile rescue system is generally used as the army’s own health service support system and to provide certain emergency medical rescue services to disaster-stricken people. The successful construction and further application of this system have significance in terms of accelerating the response of rescue teams and the emergency treatment ability of the PAP’s provincial-level emergency medical rescue teams. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:455–459)

scholarly journals Two-Stage Covering Location Model for Air–Ground Medical Rescue System

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Zhifeng Qiu ◽  
Hanlin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Facility Location Problem ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Location Model ◽  
Set Covering ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Rescue System ◽  
Rescue Time ◽  
Ground Ambulances

This study tackled the multimodal facility location problem in emergency medical rescue. First, an intermodal setting was suggested, i.e., considering cooperation between ground ambulances and helicopters in emergency medical rescues. Specifically, four scheduling modes were structured: air only, ground only, air-ground combined mode if landing and take-off site for helicopters near the wounded is available, and air-ground transshipment if the landing and take-off site for helicopters near the wounded is not available. Second, a two-stage covering location model was proposed. In the first stage, a set-covering model was developed to achieve maximum coverage and minimal total construction cost of emergency rescue facilities. The optimal mixed allocation proportion of helicopters and ground ambulances was then obtained to guarantee cohesion between the hierarchical models and covering characteristics and the economic efficiency of location results. In the second stage, for given emergency locations, an emergency scheduling mode matrix was constructed for meeting response time and total rescue time constraints. The proposed model obtains optimal results in terms of coverage, construction cost, and rescue time. A case study of Beijing, China validated the feasibility and efficiency of the two-stage covering location model for multimodal emergency medical rescue network. The proposed air-ground rescue system and two-stage covering location model can be extended and also used for large-scale disaster rescue management.

The Effect of the Familiarity of a Survey Sender on Response Outcomes in a Large-Scale Survey of Emergency Medical Services Agencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-267
Author(s):  
Morgan M. Millar ◽  
Hilary A. Hewes ◽  
Andrea L. Genovesi ◽  
Michael Ely ◽  
Braden Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Survey Response ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Established Relationship ◽  
To Receive

Survey response is higher when the request comes from a familiar entity compared to an unknown sender. Little is known about how sender influences response to surveys of organizations. We assessed whether familiarity of the sender influences response outcomes in a survey of emergency medical services agencies. Emergency medical services agencies in one U.S. state were randomly assigned to receive survey emails from either a familiar or unfamiliar sender. Both deployment approaches were subsequently used nationwide, with each state selecting one of the two contact methods. Experimental results showed that requests from the familiar sender achieved higher survey response (54.3%) compared to requests from the unfamiliar sender (36.9%; OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.23, 3.33). Similar results were observed in the subsequent nationwide survey; in states where the familiar sender deployed the survey, 62.0% of agencies responded, compared to 51.0% when the survey was sent by the unfamiliar sender (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.47, 1.67). The response difference resulted in nearly 60 additional hours of staff time needed to perform telephone follow-up to nonrespondents. When surveying healthcare organizations, surveyors should recognize that it is more challenging to obtain responses without a pre-established relationship with the organizations.

scholarly journals (P2-6) Evaluation of Air Rescue Missions Using a Helicopter — Analysis from a German Helicopter Base

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s137-s137
Author(s):  
M.D. Frank ◽  
U. Aschenbrenner ◽  
G. Nitschke ◽  
J. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Air Rescue ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Central Computer ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Thoracic Drainage ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Naca Score ◽  
Rescue System ◽  
Surrounding Areas

IntroductionIn Germany, emergency medical care is provided by ambulances. Emergency physicians also are used in the German rescue system to ensure primary care. Additionally, rescue helicopters are insertable. The rescue helicopter in Dresden covers the city of Dresden and its surrounding areas, with 517,000 inhabitants and distances up to 70 km. The goal of this study was to evaluate emergency cases in helicopter rescue missions according to primary diagnoses and severity of the mission on the basis of NACA Score.MethodsData from all emergencies using the German Air Rescue (DRF-Luftrettung) Helicopter Base Dresden were recorded on a standardized protocol and transferred to a central computer database (MEDAT®). Data from all emergency cases between January 2006 and July 2010 were analyzed.ResultsThere was a total of 6,310 emergencies during the study period, with a significant increase over time. The helicopter was on-scene within 10.9 minutes. In total, 54% of the patients were male. The rate of female patients > 80 years of age was 64.5%. A total of 63.4% of patients suffered life-threatening injuries or dysfunctions and a NACA score ≥ 4. A total of 7.6% of patients were classified in NACA 6 or 7. The most common cause for rescue missions was an acute coronary syndrome (20.4%). Other frequent diagnoses included brain injury (13.3%), unconsciousness (12.5%), stroke (12.9%), general cerebral convulsion (7.9%), polytrauma (6.4%), and cardiac arrest (5.0%). The rate of prehospital endotracheal intubation was 15.1%. In 1.1% of patients, a thoracic drainage was established.ConclusionsIn recent years the number of helicopter rescue missions increased, along with injury severity. The total number of patients with NACA 6 and 7 was extremely high, and demonstrates the need for an efficient emergency medical rescue system that includes helicopters.

Disaster Preparedness

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 118-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Quarantelli
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Emergency Medical Service ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Disaster Plan ◽  
Emergency Medical

The 1973 Emergency Medical Services System Act in the United States mandates that one of the 15 functions to be performed by every EMS system is coordinated disaster planning. Implicit in the legislation is the assumption that everyday emergency medical service (EMS) systems will be the basis for the provisions of EMS in extraordinary mass emergencies, or in the language of the act, during “mass casualties, natural disasters or national emergencies.” Policy interpretations of the Act specified that the EMS system must have links to local, regional and state disaster plans and must participate in biannual disaster plan exercises. Thus, the newly established EMS systems have been faced with both planning for, as well as providing services in large-scale disasters.

Performance and Benefit Analysis of Mining Accumulator Locomotive AC Speed System Based on DTC

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 1846-1850
Author(s):  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Wen Chao Chen ◽  
Qi Zhou Huang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Asynchronous Motor ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Ac Drive ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Overload Capacity ◽  
Scale Integration

The traditional mine accumulator locomotive usually takes the DC motor for its power source. And the series-wound resistance method is usually used in its speed control. With the development of power electronics technology, the AC drive system based on power electronic converters can be realized. Especially after the realization of large-scale integration and compmer controling, the performance of AC variale speed has been improved a lot. In operation, the mine accumulator locomotive not only works in frequent starting, breaking, accelerating and decelerating conditions, but also has to adapt to the bad pavement. The AC asynchronous motor has simple stmcture, sturdy and durable, and it could save power by notusing resistance when it was used in speed control. With this characteristics, the AC speed control system has the feature of fast response and high overload capacity. The AC speed system is the key factor for efficient operation of mining accumulator locomotive. Compared with the traditional DC speed system, the principle of DTC is introduced in this paper. And the advantage of operating performance and economic benefit of mining accumulator locomotive with AC speed system based on DTC is analyzed from practical application.

A Survey of National Physicians Working in an Active Conflict Zone: The Challenges of Emergency Medical Care in Iraq

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross I. Donaldson ◽  
Patrick Shanovich ◽  
Pranav Shetty ◽  
Emma Clark ◽  
Sharaf Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Emergency Medical Care ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Conflict Zone

AbstractIntroductionThere has been limited research on the perspectives and needs of national caregivers when confronted with large-scale societal violence. In Iraq, although the security situation has improved from its nadir in 2006-2007, intermittent bombings, and other hostilities continue. National workers remain the primary health resource for the affected populace.ProblemTo assess the status and challenges of national physicians working in the Emergency Departments of an active conflict area.MethodsThis study was a survey of civilian Iraqi doctors working in Emergency Departments (EDs) across Iraq, via a convenience sample of physicians taking the International Medical Corps (IMC) Doctor Course in Emergency Medicine, given in Baghdad from December 2008 through August 2009.ResultsThe 148 physician respondents came from 11 provinces and over 50 hospitals in Iraq. They described cardiovascular disease, road traffic injuries, and blast and bullet injuries as the main causes of death and reasons for ED utilization. Eighty percent reported having been assaulted by a patient or their family member at least once within the last year; 38% reported they were threatened with a gun. Doctors reported seeing a median of 7.5 patients per hour, with only 19% indicating that their EDs had adequate physician staffing. Only 19% of respondents were aware of an established triage system for their hospital, and only a minority had taken courses covering ACLS- (16%) or ATLS-related (24%) material. Respondents reported a wide diversity of prior training, with only 3% having some type of specialized emergency medicine degree.ConclusionsThe results of this study describe some of the challenges faced by national health workers providing emergency care to a violence-stricken populace. Study findings demonstrate high levels of violent behavior directed toward doctors in Iraqi Emergency Departments, as well as staffing shortages and a lack of formal training in emergency medical care.Donaldson RI, Shanovich P, Shetty P, Clark E, Aziz S, Morton M, Hasoon T, Evans G. A survey of national physicians working in an active conflict zone: the challenges of emergency medical care in Iraq. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012;27(2):1-9.

Flexible Non-Intrusive Heat Flux Instrumentation for the AFRL Research Turbine

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Anthony ◽  
John P. Clark ◽  
Stephen W. Kennedy ◽  
John M. Finnegan ◽  
Dean Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamic ◽  
Analysis System

This paper describes a large scale heat flux instrumentation effort for the AFRL HIT Research Turbine. The work provides a unique amount of high frequency instrumentation to acquire fast response unsteady heat flux in a fully rotational, cooled turbine rig along with unsteady pressure data to investigate thermal loading and unsteady aerodynamic airfoil interactions. Over 1200 dynamic sensors are installed on the 1 & 1/2 stage turbine rig. Airfoils include 658 double-sided thin film gauges for heat flux, 289 fast-response Kulite pressure sensors for unsteady aerodynamic measurements, and over 40 thermocouples. An overview of the instrumentation is given with in-depth focus on the non-commercial thin film heat transfer sensors designed and produced in the Heat Flux Instrumentation Laboratory at WPAFB. The paper further describes the necessary upgrade of data acquisition systems and signal conditioning electronics to handle the increased channel requirements of the HIT Research Turbine. More modern, reliable, and efficient data processing and analysis code provides better handling of large data sets and allows easy integration with the turbine design and analysis system under development at AFRL. Example data from cooled transient blowdown tests in the TRF are included along with measurement uncertainty.

scholarly journals The Development of Fast Response Aerodynamic Probes for Flow Measurements in Turbomachinery

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Ainsworth ◽  
John L. Allen ◽  
J. Julian M. Batt
Keyword(s):  
Mach Number ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hot Wire ◽  
Flow Measurements

The advent of a new generation of transient rotating turbine simulation facilities, where engine values of Reynolds and Mach number are matched simultaneously together with the relevant rotational parameters for dimensional similitude (Dunn et al [1988], Epstein et al [1984]. Ainsworth et al [1988]), has provided the stimulus for developing improved instrumentation for investigating the aerodynamic flows in these stages. Much useful work has been conducted in the past using hot-wire and laser anemometers. However, hot-wire anemometers are prone to breakage in the high pressure flows required for correct Reynolds numbers, Furthermore some laser techniques require a longer runtime than these transient facilites permit, and generally yield velocity information only, giving no data on loss production. Advances in semiconductor aerodynamic probes are beginning to fulfil this perceived need. This paper describes advances made in the design, construction, and testing of two and three dimensional fast response aerodynamic probes, where semiconductor pressure sensors are mounted directly on the surface of the probes, using techniques which have previously been successfully used on the surface of rotor blades (Ainsworth, Dietz and Nunn [1991]). These are to be used to measure Mach number and flow direction in compressible unsteady flow regimes. In the first section, a brief review is made of the sensor and associated technology which has been developed to permit a flexible design of fast response aerodynamic probe. Following this, an extensive programme of testing large scale aerodynamic models of candidate geometries for suitable semiconductor scale probes is described, and the results of these discussed. The conclusions of these experiments, conducted for turbine representative mean and unsteady flows, yielded new information for optimising the design of the small scale semiconductor probes, in terms of probe geometry, sensor placement, and aerodynamic performance. Details are given of a range of wedge and pyramid semiconductor probes constructed, and the procedures used in calibrating and making measurements with them. Differences in performance are discussed, allowing the experimenter to choose an appropriate probe for the particular measurement required. Finally, the application of prototype semiconductor probes in a transient rotor experiment at HP turbine representative conditions is described, and the data so obtained is compared with (PD solutions of the unsteady viscous flow-field.

scholarly journals Temperature and age–gender effects on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Chien Tat Low ◽  
Poh Chin Lai ◽  
Paul Sai Shun Yeung ◽  
Axel Yuet Chung Siu ◽  
Kelvin Tak Yiu Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Temperature is a key factor influencing the occurrence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, yet there is no equivalent study in Hong Kong. This study reports results involving a large-scale territory-wide investigation on the impacts of ambient temperature and age–gender differences on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcome in Hong Kong. Methods: This study included 25,467 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases treated by the Hong Kong Fire Services Department between December 2011 and November 2016 inclusive. Simple correlation and regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases and temperature, age and gender. Calendar charts were used to visualise temporal patterns of pre-hospital emergency medical services related to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases. Results: A strong negative curvilinear relationship was found between out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and daily temperature (r2 > 0.9) with prominent effects on elderly people aged ≥85 years. For each unit decrease in mean temperature in °C, there was a maximum of 5.6% increase in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases among all age groups and 7.3% increase in the ≥85 years elderly age group. Men were slightly more at risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest compared with women. The demand for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest–related emergency medical services was highest between 06:00 and 11:00 in the wintertime. Conclusion: This study provides the first local evidence linking weather and demographic effects with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Hong Kong. It offers empirical evidence to policymakers in support of strengthening existing emergency medical services to deal with the expected increase in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the wintertime and in regions with a large number of elderly population.

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