scholarly journals Community Support as a Moderator of Postdisaster Mental Health Symptoms in Urban and Nonurban Communities

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny S. West ◽  
Matthew Price ◽  
Kirstin Stauffacher Gros ◽  
Kenneth J. Ruggiero
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Interpersonal Effects ◽  
Disaster Exposure

AbstractObjectiveWe examined the association between disaster exposure, community support, and mental health outcomes in urban and nonurban participants of Galveston and Chambers counties after Hurricane Ike. The moderating effect of community support was evaluated as a protective factor relative to postdisaster mental health.MethodsA representative population-based sample of 157 urban and 714 nonurban adults were interviewed 12 to 17 months after the hurricane about their mental health functioning, disaster exposure, and perceptions of community support.ResultsA series of multiple regressions demonstrated that disaster exposure was associated with mental health outcomes for both groups. The strength of the association varied across population samples.Community support moderated the association between interpersonal effects of the disaster and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression outcomes in nonurban participants and the association between property damage and PTSD in urban participants.ConclusionsCommunity support played a larger role in reducing PTSD and depression symptoms associated with the interpersonal effects of a disaster in the nonurban sample only. Communities may play a more beneficial role in the recovery process in nonurban areas that have elevated levels of injury or death attributed to a disaster. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;0:1–9)

Longitudinal Effects of Gendered Harassment Perpetration and Victimization on Mental Health Outcomes in Adolescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5997-6016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Rinehart ◽  
Dorothy L. Espelage ◽  
Kristen L. Bub
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Homophobic Name Calling ◽  
Gendered Harassment

Gendered harassment, including sexual harassment and homophobic name-calling, is prevalent in adolescents and is linked to negative outcomes including depression, anxiety, suicidality, substance abuse, and personal distress. However, much of the extant literature is cross-sectional and rarely are perpetrators of these behaviors included in studies of outcomes. Therefore, the current study examined the effects of longitudinal changes in gendered harassment perpetration and victimization on changes in mental health outcomes among a large sample of early adolescents. Given that these behaviors commonly occur in the context of a patriarchal society (males hold power), we also investigated the impact of gender on gendered harassment. Participants included 3,549 students from four Midwestern middle schools (50.4% female, 49% African American, 34% White) at two time points (13 and 17 years old). Results indicated that increases from age 13 to 17 years in sexual harassment perpetration and victimization and homophobic name-calling perpetration and victimization predicted increases in depression symptoms and substance use. Gender did not moderate these pathways. These findings highlight that negative outcomes are associated with changes in gendered harassment among adolescents and emphasize the importance of prevention efforts. Implications for school interventions are discussed.

scholarly journals Mental health outcomes after major trauma in Ontario: a population-based analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 190 (45) ◽  
pp. E1319-E1327
Author(s):  
Christopher C.D. Evans ◽  
Yvonne DeWit ◽  
Dallas Seitz ◽  
Stephanie Mason ◽  
Avery Nathens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

Adolescent Concussion and Mental Health Outcomes: A Population-based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max N. Yang ◽  
Kristen Clements-Nolle ◽  
Brian Parrish ◽  
Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Adverse mental health outcomes in a population-based cohort of survivors of childhood cancer

Cancer ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (9) ◽  
pp. 2045-2057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Nathan ◽  
Alex Nachman ◽  
Rinku Sutradhar ◽  
Paul Kurdyak ◽  
Jason D. Pole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer

scholarly journals Expanding the Utility of Race-Based Accountability: An Application of RBA to Longitudinal Data Analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Ruiz ◽  
Gabriel A. Acevedo ◽  
Raquel R. Marquez ◽  
Marcos Marquez
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Adult Mental Health

Despite the strong empirical evidence linking childhood abuse to negative mental health outcomes later in life, a number of questions remain regarding race variations in this association. Moreover, less is known about the salience of protective factors that can offset or ameliorate the negative effects of abuse on adult mental health, and whether these factors work differently by race. Using three waves of panel data from a nationally representative survey of American adults, the present study examined the long-term effects of childhood abuse on adult mental health over a span of 20 years. In addition, we assessed social support as a protective factor, and examined its differential effects on mental health outcomes for Whites and non-Whites. Results indicate that despite frequent childhood abuse, social support is associated with less depression for Whites—its positive effects being most pronounced for those with the most severe abuse experiences. However, social support is associated with worst depression for non-Whites—its negative effects being most pronounced for those with severe abuse experiences. These findings demonstrate that the factors commonly considered as protective and beneficial for adult victims of abuse work differently across racial groups and in fact, may be detrimental for non-Whites.

scholarly journals Mental health among immigrants in Germany – the impact of self-attribution and attribution by others as an immigrant

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Nesterko ◽  
Michael Friedrich ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Andreas Hinz ◽  
Heide Glaesmer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In Germany, the term ‘migration background’ has been established to differentiate between immigrants and natives. In the present study post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression were analysed in immigrant populations in Germany by considering self-attribution as well as attribution by others on one’s own ‘migration background’. Methods In a population-based survey (N = 2317), socio-demographic characteristics, migration background (official statistics definition vs. self-attribution as well as the anticipated attribution by others), PTSD (PCL-5), and symptoms of anxiety and depression (PHQ-4) were assessed. Logistic regression models were applied to predict mental health outcomes by considering socio-demographic and immigration-related factors. Results A total of 10.7% of respondents (N = 248) had a ‘migration background’. Immigrants of the 2nd generation compared to 1st generation immigrants are less likely to see themselves as immigrants. Attribution as an immigrant (self and/or by others) was found as significant predictor for PTSD and depression, but not anxiety. Conclusions It seems useful to focus on immigration-related factors considering subjective perspectives and not only comparing immigrants and natives using a federal statistics definition. Our findings suggest that research on the association between immigration-related factors such as attribution as an immigrant and mental health outcomes might be a promising approach to better identify subgroups at higher risk of mental distress.

scholarly journals Sibling Bullying: A Prospective Longitudinal Study of Associations with Positive and Negative Mental Health during Adolescence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umar Toseeb ◽  
Dieter Wolke
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

AbstractSibling bullying is associated with poor mental health outcomes, but the relevance of specific bullying roles remains unclear. Data from a population-based study (n = 17,157, 48% female) focusing on early (11 years), middle (14 years), and late (17 years) adolescence were analyzed. Associations between sibling bullying roles in early adolescence and positive and negative mental health outcomes in late adolescence were investigated. Generally, bullying, irrespective of role, was associated with poorer mental health outcomes in late adolescence. As the frequency of bullying victimization increased between early and middle adolescence so did the severity of mental health outcomes in late adolescence. The developmental trajectories of externalizing problems were influenced by bullying in early adolescence. Sibling bullying, irrespective of role, is associated with poor mental health outcomes.

scholarly journals Ordinary magic in extraordinary circumstances: Predictors of positive mental health outcomes for early adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Ashworth ◽  
David W. Putwain ◽  
Shane McLoughlin ◽  
Pooja Saini ◽  
Jennifer Chopra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Good Mental Health ◽  
General Wellbeing

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions have had a negative impact on the mental health and wellbeing of many people worldwide, but there is evidence to suggest this has been a particularly challenging for adolescents. However, there is a paucity of research examining the factors that have promoted good mental health during this time. The aim of the current study was to identify the protective factors among early adolescents in the UK that promoted better mental health outcomes (internalising and externalising difficulties, and wellbeing) during the first national COVID-19 lockdown. Between September and December 2020, 290 11–14 year olds across the North West of England were recruited to complete an online survey, consisting of several measures pertaining to their experiences of lockdown, and their mental health and wellbeing. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyse the data. Results indicated that higher participant-rated lockdown experience (the extent to which it was fun, easy, and good) and higher levels of optimism were protective factors for all three outcomes of interest. Greater adherence to Government guidance was also a protective factor for internalising difficulties and general wellbeing. Stronger family connection was a protective factor for externalising difficulties only, while stronger peer connection was a protective factor for general wellbeing only. In summary, the ‘ordinary magic’ of supportive relationships and positive experiences appear to be some of the key factors needed to ensure adolescents maintain good mental health and wellbeing, and to help them overcome the difficulties posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Mental health among immigrants in Germany – the impact of self-attribution and attribution by others as an immigrant

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Nesterko ◽  
Michael Friedrich ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Andreas Hinz ◽  
Heide Glaesmer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In Germany, the term ‘migration background' has been established to differentiate between immigrants and natives. In the present study post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and depression were analysed in immigrant populations in Germany by considering self-attribution as well as attribution by others on one’s own ‘migration background’. Methods In a population-based survey (N = 2317), socio-demographic characteristics, migration background (official statistics definition vs. self-attribution as well as the anticipated attribution by others), PTSD (PCL-5), symptoms of anxiety and depression (PHQ-4) were assessed. Logistic regression models were applied to predict mental health outcomes by considering socio-demographic and immigration-related factors. Results A total of 10.7% of the respondents (N = 248) had a ‘migration background’. Immigrants of the 2nd generation compared to 1st generation immigrants are less likely to see themselves as immigrants. Attribution as an immigrant (self and/or by others) was found as significant predictor for PTSD and depression, but not anxiety. Conclusions It seems useful to focus on immigration-related factors considering subjective perspectives and not only comparing immigrants and natives using a federal statistics definition. Our findings suggest that research on the association between immigration-related factors such as attribution as an immigrant and mental health outcomes might be a promising approach to better identify subgroups at higher risk of mental distress.

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