scholarly journals 4365 Family-Based Study of Sleep in Autism Spectrum Disorder without Intellectual Disability

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 72-72
Author(s):  
Stacey Elkhatib Smidt ◽  
Arpita Ghorai ◽  
Brielle Gehringer ◽  
Holly Dow ◽  
Zoe Smernoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Impairment ◽  
Relative Amplitude ◽  
Daytime Activity

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by difficulties in communication and social interaction as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. Sleep problems are a common concern in children with ASD that can persist into adulthood. This study aims to further explore sleep in ASD without intellectual disability (ASD w/o ID). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We recruited individuals of both sexes with ASD w/o ID (probands) and relatives as part of the Autism Spectrum Program of Excellence (ASPE) at the University of Pennsylvania. Actimetry data were collected via a wrist-worn tri-axial accelerometer for 21 days. Data from 212 participants were considered. We analyzed sleep data using the algorithms GGIR, ChronoSapiens, and PennZzz. The sleep traits of proband and sibling pairs were compared using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. We used the Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition (SRS-2) to assess social impairment and restricted/repetitive traits. We compared SRS-2 scores to sleep traits using partial Spearman or Pearson correlations adjusting for age (171 participants). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Probands demonstrated later sleep onset (p = 0.03), decreased M10 average (10-hour period of highest activity/day; p = 0.006), decreased relative amplitude (measure of rest-activity rhythm; p <0.001), and decreased total daytime activity (p = 0.005) compared to siblings. Regarding social function and restricted/repetitive traits, adult males showed an inverse correlation between SRS-2 total score and sleep efficiency (r = −0.2, p = 0.04) and a positive correlation between SRS-2 total score and intradaily variability (r = 0.3, p = 0.02). Adult females showed an inverse correlation between SRS-2 total score and M10 average (r = −0.3, p = 0.02) and between SRS-2 total score and relative amplitude (self-report r = −0.4, p = 0.001; informant r = −0.3, p = 0.005). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This study focuses on the analysis of sleep traits in ASD including the relationship between social function and sleep. Thus far, the most robust findings are decreased daytime activity and relative amplitude in individuals with ASD w/o ID compared to siblings. We have also shown that ASD social impairment may be related to sleep dysfunction.

scholarly journals 0974 Family-Based Study Of Sleep In Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Disability

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A370-A370
Author(s):  
S D Elkhatib Smidt ◽  
A Ghorai ◽  
B Gehringer ◽  
H C Dow ◽  
Z Smernoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Impairment ◽  
Relative Amplitude ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Daytime Activity ◽  
The University

Abstract Introduction Sleep problems are a common concern in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that can persist into adulthood. This study aims to further explore sleep in ASD without intellectual disability (ASD w/o ID). Methods We recruited individuals with ASD w/o ID (probands) and relatives as part of the Autism Spectrum Program of Excellence (ASPE) at the University of Pennsylvania. Actimetry data were collected via a wrist-worn tri-axial accelerometer for 21 days. Data from 212 participants were considered. We analyzed sleep data using the algorithms GGIR, ChronoSapiens, and PennZzz. The sleep traits of proband and sibling pairs were compared using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. We used the Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition (SRS-2) to assess social impairment and restricted/repetitive traits. We compared SRS-2 scores to sleep traits using partial Spearman or Pearson correlations adjusting for age (171 participants). Results Probands demonstrated later sleep onset (p = 0.03), decreased M10 average (10-hour period of highest activity/day; p = 0.006), decreased relative amplitude (measure of rest-activity rhythm; p&lt;0.001), and decreased total daytime activity (p = 0.005) compared to siblings. Regarding social function and restricted/repetitive traits, adult males showed an inverse correlation between SRS-2 total score and sleep efficiency (r = -0.2, p= 0.04) and a positive correlation between SRS-2 total score and intradaily variability (r = 0.3, p = 0.02). Adult females showed an inverse correlation between SRS-2 total score and M10 average (r = -0.3, p = 0.02) and between SRS-2 total score and relative amplitude (self-report r = -0.4, p = 0.001; informant r = -0.3, p = 0.005). Conclusion This study focuses on the analysis of sleep traits in ASD including the relationship between social function and sleep. Thus far, the most robust findings are decreased daytime activity and relative amplitude in individuals with ASD w/o ID compared to siblings. We have also shown that ASD social impairment may be related to sleep dysfunction. Support NIH T32HL07713, anonymous donor, and the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics of the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

Neurobiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Costales ◽  
Silvia De Rubeis ◽  
Jennifer Foss-Feig ◽  
Patrick R. Hof ◽  
Joseph D. Buxbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Emerging Themes ◽  
Integrate Data

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by impairments in social communication, along with the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. Approximately half of affected children also suffer from intellectual disability (ID), which is defined by cognitive and adaptive functioning at least two standard deviations below the mean (e.g., standard scores <70). It is now well established that genetic factors are major contributors to both ASD and ID. The following chapter will outline emerging themes and integrate data from human and animal studies using genetic, imaging, and histopathological methods. Emerging findings from studies of the immune system and the microbiome will also be briefly reviewed.

scholarly journals Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Deaf Adults with Intellectual Disability: Feasibility and Psychometric Properties of an Adapted Version of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Holzinger ◽  
C. Weber ◽  
S. Bölte ◽  
J. Fellinger ◽  
J. Hofer
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Symptoms ◽  
Signed Language ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Autism Diagnostic Observation

AbstractThis study describes the adaptation of the autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS-2) to assess autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in adults with intellectual disability (ID) and hearing loss who communicate primarily visually. This adapted ADOS-2 was applied to residents of specialized therapeutic living communities (n = 56). The internal consistency of the adapted ADOS-2 was excellent for the Social Affect of modules 2 and 3 and acceptable for Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors subscale of module 2, but poor for module 3. Interrater reliability was comparable to standard ADOS-2 modules 1–3. Results suggest that autism symptoms of deaf adults with ID can be reliably identified by an adapted ADOS-2, provided adequate expertise in deafness, ID, ASD and proficiency in signed language by the administrator.

Emotion Dysregulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2018 ◽  
pp. 282-298
Author(s):  
Emily Neuhaus
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by deficits in social communication and interaction, and restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. Although current diagnostic conceptualizations of ASD do not include emotional difficulties as core deficits, the disorder is associated with emotion dysregulation across the lifespan, with considerable implications for long-term psychological, social, and educational outcomes. The overarching goal of this chapter is to integrate existing knowledge of emotion dysregulation in ASD and identify areas for further investigation. The chapter reviews the prevalence and expressions of emotion dysregulation in ASD, discusses emerging theoretical models that frame emotion dysregulation as an inherent (rather than associated) feature of ASD, presents neurobiological findings and mechanisms related to emotion dysregulation in ASD, and identifies continuing controversies and resulting research priorities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document