scholarly journals 3069 Characterizing the Neural Signature of Metabolic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Eithan Kotkowski ◽  
Larry R. Price ◽  
Crystal G. Franklin ◽  
Maximino Salazar ◽  
Ralph A. DeFronzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Neural Signature

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Our objective is to understand the influence of the features comprising metabolic syndrome (central obesity, raised fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, blood pressure, and decreased HDL cholesterol) on brain structure in men and women. With the understanding that MetS is a strong predictor of gray matter volume loss in specific brain regions, in this study we sought to quantify the influence of each of the metabolic syndrome biometric variables on the structures involved in the neural signature of metabolic syndrome. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We conducted multiple linear regression analyses on a cross-sectional sample of 800 individuals from the Genetics of Brian Structure (GOBS) image archive (352 men and 448 women). GOBS is an offshoot of the San Antonio Heart Study involving an extended pedigree of Mexican Americans from the greater San Antonio area. Its goal is to localize, identify, and characterize genes/quantitative trait loci associated with variations in brain structure and function (Winkler, 2010). The archive has continuously added participants from approximately 40 families since 2006. Neuroanatomic (T1-weighted MRI scans obtained on a Siemens 3T scanner and processed using FSL), neurocognitive, and biometric phenotypes have been obtained for each subject (including blood lipids). Linear regressions were run using SPSS and incorporated biometric and gray matter volume values obtained from 800 GOBS participants. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Linear regressions incorporating metabolic syndrome variables as dependent variables and gray matter volume from regions involved in the neural signature of metabolic syndrome as predictors show significant predictive patterns that are largely similar between men and women, with some differences. Another linear regression conducted with gray matter volume from the neural signature of metabolic syndrome as the dependent variable and metabolic syndrome variables as predictors show that waist circumference and triglycerides are the greatest predictors of gray matter volume loss in men, and fasting plasma glucose and waist circumference are the greatest predictors of gray matter volume loss in women. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Significant sex differences in the relationships between metabolic syndrome variables and gray matter volume changes between brain regions comprising the neural signature of metabolic syndrome were identified. waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides are the most reliable predictors of gray matter volume loss. The variance in gray matter volume of the neural signature of metabolic syndrome in men is more significantly explained by waist circumference and triglycerides (when accounting for age) and in women is more significantly explained by waist circumference and fasting plasma glucose (when accounting for age). A model of metabolic syndrome that emphasizes a risk of neurodegeneration should focus on waist circumference for both men and women and weigh the remaining variables accordingly by sex (triglycerides in men and fasting plasma glucose in women).

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome: Prevalence and Risk Factors among Adolescent Female Intermediate and Secondary Students in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2142
Author(s):  
Areej Alowfi ◽  
Sumayah Binladen ◽  
Sumaya Irqsous ◽  
Alya Khashoggi ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) has become one of the major challenges to public health worldwide due to its significant association with increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among children and adolescents. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of MS in Saudi adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in two female National Guard schools (Um Kalthoom Intermediate School and Zainab Bint Jahsh Secondary School) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between January 2018 and March 2018. Of the 808 female students, 172 (age range of 12–19 years) participated voluntarily, with consent from their guardian(s), fasted for at least 8 h prior to the study, and represent the final study sample. Male students were not included due to cultural constraints in conducting the study. Demographic data, physical measurement (blood pressure, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)), and biochemical measurement (fasting plasma glucose and triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein) were obtained. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria was utilized in the diagnosis of MS. Results: Of the 172 female adolescents, 24 (13.75%) are overweight, 20 (11.63%) are obese, and 3 (1.74%) are underweight. High-fasting plasma glucose (n = 85, 49.41%) and high waist circumference (n = 74, 43.02%) were the most common risk factors of MS among female adolescents. The overall prevalence of MS was 7% (n = 12/172). MS is more common among those who are obese or among those with a BMI that falls at the ≥95th percentile (n = 6/20, 30.0%) (p < 0.05) as compared to those who are overweight with a BMI that falls within the 85th to <95th percentiles (n = 2/24, 8.33%). Interestingly, 3.20% of the sample (n = 4/125) with normal BMI were diagnosed with MS. Conclusions: Our study indicates that MS is common among obese and overweight female adolescents but is also present among those who are not obese or with normal BMI. Moreover, the prevalence of overweight, obese, and those with MS in this reference population are lower compared to the cities of Makkah and Riyadh; however, it varies widely around the world due to different criteria and cut-off values in the diagnosis of MS.

scholarly journals National Health Examination Metabolic Syndrome Item and Health Behavior Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hyung-yeol Choi ◽  
Chang-hyun Jang ◽  
Soo-yeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Group

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the habits of physical activities in several intensities, drinking, and smoking of the general public who live in the S city and diabetes, high blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma triglyceride, and waist circumference of them.METHODS For research, residents of 2,438,370 in S city were selected by using the big data of health checkups sheets that were conducted by the National Health Insurance Corporation in 2017. Physical activities were classified into three groups by intensity. The part of drinking was divided into three groups of non-alcohol, low, and high-drinking people. There were four groups in smoking of non-smoking, the group that smoke lower than the half pack of cigarettes per day, the half to one pack, and more than one pack. Metabolic syndrome frequency analysis and logistic regression analysis were used for this research.RESULTS Compared to the low-intensity physical activity group, the high-intensity group had 0.992, 0.954, 0.871, 0.83, and 0.878 times of lower risk in fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), plasma triglycerides, and abnormal waist circumference. High drinking group had more risk of fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, HDL-C, plasma triglyceride, and abnormal waist circumference by 1.326, 1.894, 1.334, 2.125 and 1.263 times than non-drinking group. The group who smoked more than one pack a day had more risk of fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, HDL-C, plasma triglyceride, and abnormal waist circumference by 1.971, 1.225, 3.229, 2.871, and 1.522 times than the group of non-smoking.CONCLUSION The subjects who did not have risk factors for metabolic syndrome were 29.7%. The average of patients with metabolic syndrome was 25.2%, of which males were 30.3%, and females were 20.1% of them. Metabolic syndrome factors were proved statistically valid. In the physical activity group, the high-intensity physical activity group had a lower risk of metabolic syndrome factors than the low and medium-intensity physical activity groups. The high-drinking group had a higher risk of metabolic syndrome in triglycerides, and the smoking group who smoked more than one pack per day had a higher risk of metabolic syndrome in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrom in Three Urban Communities of Dhaka City

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shurovi Sayeed ◽  
Akhter Banu ◽  
Parvin Akter Khanam ◽  
Sharmina Alauddin ◽  
Sabrina Makbul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Mean

Bangladeshis are prone to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (sHTN and dHTN) and atherosclerotic heart diseases, observed more predominantly in the urban population. Though metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a related disorder, there are few studies in this regard. The prevalence of obesity, T2DM and MetS in three urban communities of Bangladesh were addressed in this study. Nine hundred non-slum urban households in three Dhaka City Wards were randomly selected. One member (age ≥ 25y) from each household was invited for investigation with an overnight fast. Socio-demographic information as well as height, weight, waist-girth, hip-girth and blood pressure were measured. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (chol), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoproteins-c (HDL) were estimated. A total of 705 (m / f = 239 / 466) subjects volunteered for the study. The mean value with 95% confidence interval (CI) of age was 42.4 (40.9 - 43.1) years for men and 37.8 (36.8 - 38.7) for women. The mean (CI) body mass index (BMI) was 21.0 (20.6 - 21.5) and 22.6 (22.2 - 22.9) and waist hip ratio (WHR) was 0.84 (0.83 - 0.84) and 0.82 (0.81 - 0.83), respectively for men and women. The mean (CI) FPG (fasting plasma glucose) was 5.5 (5.2 - 5.7) for men and 5.2 (5.0 - 5.4) for women. The prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 25.0) was 21%, T2DM (FPG ≥ 6.1 mmol/l) was 22.2%, triglyceridemia (TG ≥ 150mg/dl) was 45.1% and low HDL-c (HDL<40mg/ dl) was 43.8%. The crude prevalence of MetS varied based on different cluster combinations, being the lowest (0.3%) recommended by WHO cluster (FPG + BMI + SBP/DBP) and the highest (8.7%) by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) cluster (waist + FPG + HDL). The MetS was found higher in male than female by NCEP criteria and higher in female than male by IDF criteria. The study revealed an increased prevalence of obesity, T2DM and MetS in the urban communities. It also revealed that T2DM and MetS are moderately common and of growing healthcare burden in the rapidly growing urban population. Additionally, the study observed the wide ranging prevalence rates of MetS in the same study population indicating the need to establish a consistent and useful MetS-cluster depending on population characteristics. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2008; 2(2): 44-48 Key Words: Metabolic syndrome, urban, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia   doi: 10.3329/imcj.v2i2.2936

Abstract MP006: A Feasible and Effective Mobile Health Weight Loss Lifestyle Intervention for Filipinos With Type 2 Diabetes

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda S Bender ◽  
Bruce Cooper ◽  
Shoshana Arai
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risks

Introduction: Filipino Americans have the highest prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to Asian American subgroups placing them at high risk for cardiometabolic disease. Effective interventions are needed to reduce these health disparities. Mobile health (mHealth) weight loss lifestyle interventions have been effective in reducing cardiometabolic risks, but are untested among Filipinos, particularly with T2D. As prolific users of digital technology, Filipinos are ideal candidates for mHealth lifestyle interventions. Therefore, we conducted the PilAm Go4Health intervention study - a culturally adapted weight loss lifestyle intervention using mobile technology to reduce cardiometabolic risks among Filipinos with T2D. Objective: To demonstrate intervention feasibility and potential efficacy. Hypothesis: 1) participant retention rate will be greater than 80%; 2) Compared to the control, intervention group will have significantly greater reduction in: % weight loss, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1; and greater increase in step-counts. Methods: Two-arm (intervention +active control groups) RCT compared a 3-month intervention (Fitbit accelerometer +mHealth app/diary +Facebook group) and control (Fitbit accelerometer). N=45 overweight Filipino adults with T2D were recruited from Northern California communities. Between group differences from baseline to 3-months were analyzed using: 1) multilevel regression for within-person change in weight and step-counts using a nonparametric bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% CI for the multilevel models, and 2) T-tests, ANOVA for waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1c (significance =p<0.05, 2-sided). Cohen’s d was used for effect size analyses. Results: Randomized N=45 Filipinos (intervention =22 and control =23). Mean age was 58±10 years, 62% women, and retention rate=100%. There was significantly greater reduction in the intervention group compared to the control for: % weight (2.3% greater decrease, d=0.46); waist circumference (-2.68cm; d= 0.88); and fasting plasma glucose (-18.52mg/dl; d= -0.86). HbA1c group difference was not significant (-0.34%; p< 0.19). Step-counts significantly increased in the intervention group compared to control (3432 steps at endpoint; d=1.44). Conclusion: PilAm Go4Health intervention demonstrated excellent feasibility in recruitment and retention, and potential efficacy for reducing cardiometabolic risks in Filipinos with T2D. Results warrant further testing of this lifestyle intervention that may support translation to other at-risk diverse populations living with T2D.

scholarly journals Moderating Effect of Insulin Resistance on the Relationship between Gray Matter Volumes and Cognitive Function

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyeon Lee ◽  
Jihyeon Kim ◽  
Seong Shin ◽  
Soowon Park ◽  
Dong Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Matter Volume

Background: It is controversial whether exposure to insulin resistance accelerates cognitive deterioration. The present study aimed to investigate the association between insulin resistance and gray matter volume loss to predict the cognitive decline. Methods: We recruited 160 participants (78 with Alzheimer’s disease and 82 without Alzheimer’s disease). Insulin resistance, regional gray matter volume, and cognitive function were assessed. A hierarchical moderated multiple regression (MMR) model was used to determine any associations among insulin resistance, structural changes in the brain, and cognitive decline. Results: The volumes of 7 regions in the gray matter were negatively related to insulin resistance in Alzheimer’s disease (p =0.032). Hierarchical MMR analysis indicated that insulin resistance did not directly affect the cognitive decline but moderated the cognitive decline through the decrease in gray matter volume in the key brain regions, i.e., inferior orbitofrontal gyrus (left), middle cingulate gyrus (right), hippocampus (right), and precuneus (right) (p < 0.05 in each case). Conclusion: Insulin resistance appears to exacerbate the cognitive decline associated with several gray matter volume loss.

scholarly journals Gray matter volume covariance networks are associated with altered emotional processing in bipolar disorder: a source-based morphometry study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Miola ◽  
Nicolò Trevisan ◽  
Arcangelo Merola ◽  
Francesco Folena Comini ◽  
Daniele Olivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Type I ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Visuospatial Processing ◽  
Neural Signature ◽  
Structural Networks

AbstractWidespread regional gray matter volume (GMV) alterations have been reported in bipolar disorder (BD). Structural networks, which are thought to better reflect the complex multivariate organization of the brain, and their clinical and psychological function have not been investigated yet in BD. 24 patients with BD type-I (BD-I), and 30 with BD type-II (BD-II), and 45 controls underwent MRI scan. Voxel-based morphometry and source-based morphometry (SBM) were performed to extract structural covariation patterns of GMV. SBM components associated with morphometric differences were compared among diagnoses. Executive function and emotional processing correlated with morphometric characteristics. Compared to controls, BD-I showed reduced GMV in the temporo-insular-parieto-occipital cortex and in the culmen. An SBM component spanning the prefrontal-temporal-occipital network exhibited significantly lower GMV in BD-I compared to controls, but not between the other groups. The structural network covariance in BD-I was associated with the number of previous manic episodes and with worse executive performance. Compared to BD-II, BD-I showed a loss of GMV in the temporal-occipital regions, and this was correlated with impaired emotional processing. Altered prefrontal-temporal-occipital network structure could reflect a neural signature associated with visuospatial processing and problem-solving impairments as well as emotional processing and illness severity in BD-I.

Hypothalamic gray matter volume loss in hypnic headache

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagny Holle ◽  
Steffen Naegel ◽  
Sarah Krebs ◽  
Charly Gaul ◽  
Elke Gizewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Hypnic Headache ◽  
Matter Volume

Fasting plasma glucose control among nigerians with metabolic syndrome.

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O S Adediran ◽  
O A Fasanmade ◽  
O A Ogbera ◽  
A E Ohwovoriole
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Gender Differences in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Metabolically Healthy Normal Weight Adults with Central Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (05) ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
Katarína Šebeková ◽  
Melinda Csongová ◽  
Radana Gurecká ◽  
Zora Krivošíková ◽  
Jozef Šebek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

AbstractWe investigated whether metabolically healthy normal weight adults with central obesity display worse cardiometabolic profile compared with their centrally lean counterparts. This retrospective, cross-sectional study, comprised 1 135 subjects (64% females) aged 18-to-81 years, presenting ≤2 components of metabolic syndrome. They were classified as centrally lean (waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)<0.5 and waist circumference<80 cm in females and<94 cm in males) or presenting central obesity (WHtR ≥0.5, regardless of waist circumference). Data on blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, renal function, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), uric acid, adiponectin, leptin, and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products were compared between the groups, separately in males and females. 5.7% of males and 6.9% of females presented WHtR ≥0.5. Compared with centrally lean subjects, those with central obesity had higher BMI-adjusted fasting plasma glucose (p<0.001), and leptin levels (p<0.05); females also presented higher blood pressure (p<0.001), while males had higher hsCRP concentrations (p=0.021). These changes associated with significantly higher BMI-adjusted odds to present fasting plasma glucose >5.6 mmol/l in both genders, higher odds to present hsCRP >3 mg/l in males, and those to present elevated blood pressure in females. Our analysis suggests that in metabolically healthy normal weight subjects WHtR ≥0.5 might indicate “early increased health risk”.

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