scholarly journals 3071 Cell Survival in Corneal Endothelial Dystrophies

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Rajalekshmy Shyam ◽  
Diego Ogando ◽  
Moonjung Choi ◽  
Joseph Bonanno
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Autophagy Flux ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Mitotracker Green

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Purpose - The goal of this study is to understand how loss of the membrane protein SLC4A11 alters endothelial cell metabolism thereby producing Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy. Studies from our lab indicated that glutamine-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the outcomes of SLC4a11 loss. In the current study, we ask if autophagy and mitophagy pathways and the signaling pathways that regulate these processes are altered in SLC4a11 KO cells. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Methods – Immortalized mouse WT and SLC4a11 KO cell lines were incubated in DMEM with and without 0.5mM glutamine for 6 hours. In order to assess mitophagy, cells were stained using Lysotracker Red and Mitotracker Green. Colocalization co-efficients of red and green channels were obtained for at least 35 cells using Zeiss-Zen Pro software. Student’s t-test was used to determine statistical significance. For Western Blots, antibodies against LC3b, AMPK, pAMPK, and b-actin were used to examine autophagy flux and potential signaling pathways that regulate autophagy. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results – In the presence of glutamine, the colocalization co-efficient of Lysotracker Red and Mitotracker Green channels was significantly increased in KO cells (0.74 ±0.18) relative to WT (0.58±0.20) with a p-value ≤0.0024. In the absence of glutamine, the colocalization co-efficient was reversed, for KO cells 0.54 ±0.14 and for WT cells 0.77±0.0.16 with a p-value ≤0.0001, suggesting increased mitophagy by glutamine in KO cells. Western Blots indicated that glutamine increased autophagy flux, as indicated by increased levels of LC3b following bafilomycin A treatment in KO cells. Concomitantly, there was an increase in pAMPK/AMPK levels suggesting a potential mechanism for increased mitophagy. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Conclusion and Future studies –Our data indicates enhanced mitophagy as well as autophagy in SLC4a11 KO cells. Future studies will determine whether these processes regulate cell survival in mouse models of corneal endothelial dystrophies.

scholarly journals Isolation and structure elucidation of anti-malarial principles from Terminalia mantaly H. Perrier stem bark

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-292
Author(s):  
Babatunde Samuel ◽  
Yemi Adekola Adekunle
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
P Value ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Malaria Therapy ◽  
Student’S T

Emergence of malaria parasite resistance to drugs has raised global public health concerns for a compelling need to develop improved malaria therapy. This study is a bio-guided isolation of triterpenoid antimalarial compounds from Terminalia mantaly. Methanol extract of the plant was subjected to column chromatography, and eluted with a ternary solvent system gradient-wise. Two compounds, 1 and 2, were isolated and characterised by spectroscopic data (IR, 1H and 13C NMR, COSY, HMQC, HMBC) and by comparison with literature. Isolated compounds were investigated for antimalarial property by spectrophotometric determination of inhibition of β-Hematin formation, absorbance taken at 405 nm. Results were analysed using Graghpad Prism® (6.0) and presented as mean IC50±SEM. Statistical significance, determined using Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA, set at p-value of 0.05. Quantitative β-Hematin formation inhibitory activities gave IC50±SEM values of (compound 1; 4.434±0.47), (compound 2; 5.140±4.2) with (chloroquine; 0.335±0.1 mg/ml). Compound 1 was identified as 2,3,19,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid glucopyranoside (arjunglucoside I), and compound2 as its aglycone, 2,3,19,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (arjungenin). This study provided credence for folkloric use of Terminalia mantaly to treat malaria, and this observed activity was probably due to these isolated triterpenoids.Keywords: β-Hematin, triterpenoids, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Comparing Platelet Loss in 2 Common Apheresis Machines for Collecting Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cells (PBSC).

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 5261-5261
Author(s):  
Ping Law ◽  
Fathalha Yasir ◽  
Joanna K.Y. Mah ◽  
Teck Guan Soh ◽  
Susan T.T. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Autologous Transplantation ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
P Value ◽  
Peripheral Blood Stem Cells ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Blood Stem Cells ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Automated Procedures

Abstract Chemotherapy together with G-CSF is commonly used to mobilize patients prior to leukapheresis (LP) of PBSC for autologous transplantation. For many patients, peripheral blood platelet counts (PLT) were below 75,000/μl when LP was initiated. Minimizing PLT loss is an important consideration, especially for these patients. The aim of this retrospective analysis is to compare PLT loss during LP for autologous PBSC in two common apheresis machines (Baxter Amicus and Cobe Spectra). Between August 2004 and May 2005, 57 autologous PBSC products were collected from 28 adult patients (weight > 40 kg) with results (mean ± SD) summarized in Table 1. LP were collected using automated procedures and 3 times blood volume was processed. Collection efficiencies (EFF) were calculated as total cells (CD34+ or PLT) in product divided by the circulating count prior to LP times processed volume. Statistical significance was determined by unpaired Student’s t-test. There were no significant differences (p > 0.1) (NS) in patient age, weight, CD34+ cell count (data not shown) and PLT count prior to LP. There were also no differences in the proportion and the total CD34+ cells in the PBSC products collected by either machines. While both devices collected CD34+ cells with similar EFF (data not shown), the Amicus PBSC products have a trend (p = 0.08 and 0.07 when all LP or only those initiated with PLT count below 75,000/μl, respectively)towards a smaller volume (VOL) and contained significantly (p < 0.05) fewer PLT than those collected by Spectra. The PLT EFF was also significantly lower with Amicus, indicating a smaller PLT loss. The same findings were observed whether all LP or only those LP initiated with low PLT counts (< 75, 000/μl) were considered. Our results showed that lower PLT loss is achieved with Amicus during autologous PBSC collection. The machine would be more appropriate for collecting patients with low PLT counts. Table 1: PLT Loss during Autologous PBSC Collection in Amicus or Spectra N Pre LP PLT (x103/μ l) LP VOL (ml) LP Total PLT (x1010) PLT EFF (%) ALL LP Spectra 17 49.5 ± 20.2 178.0 ± 41.7 8.7 ± 3.5 17.6 ± 16.9 Amicus 40 57.0 ± 32.9 164.5 ± 16.5 6.8 ± 2.6 8.4 ± 4.1 p value NS ≤ 0.08 ≤0.05 ≤0.05 Low PLT Spectra 17 49.5 ± 20.2 178.0 ± 41.7 8.7 ± 3.5 17.6 ± 16.9 Amicus 35 46.8 ± 15.4 162.9 ± 16.8 6.5 ± 2.4 9.0 ± 3.9 p value NS 0.07 ≤ 0.05 ≤ 0.05

scholarly journals APPENDECTOMY

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
ZULFIQAR ALI ◽  
TANVEER AHMAD ◽  
IRSHAD AHMAD ◽  
Muhammad Suhail Amir ◽  
AG Rehan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Laparoscopic Appendicectomy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Open Appendicectomy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes and morbidities of laparoscopic appendicectomy (LA) and open appendicectomy (OA) in patients with acute appendicitis. Design: Interventional study. Setting: The study was conducted at Madina Teaching Hospital, University Medical & Dental College, Faisalabad. Period: From June 2007 to August 2009. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of two hundred patients suffering from acute appendicitis. One hundred patients underwent LA and one hundred patients underwent OA. Comparison was based on operating time, complications, requirements for postoperative analgesia, time until resumption to regular diet, hospital stay, and return to full activity in days. Comparisons were made between continuous variables using Student’s t test of the means and were made between proportions using Fischer’s exact or chi-square testing where appropriate. Statistical significance was taken to be a p value of .05 or less. Results: Of the hundred patients, five patients (5%) had the procedure converted to open surgery. The rate of infection was significantly lower in patients undergoing LA. The median length of stay was significantly shorter after LA (2 days after LA, 5 days after OA, P < 0.05) than after OA. The operating time was shorter {OA: 25 min (median), LA: 30 min (median), P > .05} in patients undergoing open appendicectomy compared to laparoscopic appendicectomy. Conclusion: LA is associated with increased clinical comfort in terms of fewer wound infections, faster recovery, earlier return to work and improved cosmesis.

scholarly journals Effect of carboplatin on malondialdehyde as a marker of lipoderoxidation in the submandibular gland of rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
E Bachmeier ◽  
◽  
ME Migueles Goitea ◽  
JA Linares ◽  
EG Ferreyra Mariani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Student’S T

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of carboplatin (Cp) on submandibular gland homogenate of Wistar rats through the determination of malondialdehyde levels, as the main end product of lipoperoxidation, in an experimental model.Sixteen three-month-old male Wistar rats were used, housed in individual cages, with controlled temperature and lighting and free diet. A completely randomized design was used and two experimental groups were established: 1) Control (C), administering an intraperitoneal dose of saline solution for one day, n: 8, 2) Animals treated with carboplatin (Cp) applying a dose i.p. of 100 mg / Kg of body weight for one day, n: 8. The animals were fasted for 24 hours and subsequently anesthetized. Then both submandibular glands were removed. Malondialdehyde levels were analyzed in submandibular gland homogenatein both experimental groups. Variations between the groups analyzed were evaluated using the Student's t test for paired samples, setting a p-value <0.05 for statistical significance. Project approved by CICUAL. Faculty of Medical Sciences (UNC).The group of Rats Co showed a concentration of 7.32± 0.48μmol / mg of gland. The Cp group had a concentration of 12.57 ± 0.71 μmol / mg of gland, expressing a significant decrease compared to the control group p <0.0006. Cp at the dose tested would cause a decrease in lipoperoxidation in the submandibular gland of rats. Possibly the glandular antioxidant battery would neutralize the oxidative stress of acinar cells. These results suggest a future evaluation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and uric acid (UA) levels

scholarly journals Integrins and Cell Metabolism: An Intimate Relationship Impacting Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehman Ata ◽  
Costin N. Antonescu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

Integrins are important regulators of cell survival, proliferation, adhesion and migration. Once activated, integrins establish a regulated link between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton. Integrins have well-established functions in cancer, such as in controlling cell survival by engagement of many specific intracellular signaling pathways and in facilitating metastasis. Integrins and associated proteins are regulated by control of transcription, membrane traffic, and degradation, as well as by a number of post-translational modifications including glycosylation, allowing integrin function to be modulated to conform to various cellular needs and environmental conditions. In this review, we examine the control of integrin function by cell metabolism, and the impact of this regulation in cancer. Within this context, nutrient sufficiency or deprivation is sensed by a number of metabolic signaling pathways such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1, which collectively control integrin function by a number of mechanisms. Moreover, metabolic flux through specific pathways also controls integrins, such as by control of integrin glycosylation, thus impacting integrin-dependent cell adhesion and migration. Integrins also control various metabolic signals and pathways, establishing the reciprocity of this regulation. As cancer cells exhibit substantial changes in metabolism, such as a shift to aerobic glycolysis, enhanced glucose utilization and a heightened dependence on specific amino acids, the reciprocal regulation of integrins and metabolism may provide important clues for more effective treatment of various cancers.

scholarly journals Integrins and Cell Metabolism: An Intimate Relationship Impacting Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehman Ata ◽  
Costin N. Antonescu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

Integrins are important regulators of cell survival, proliferation, adhesion and migration. Once activated, integrins establish a regulated link between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton. Integrins have well-established functions in cancer, such as in controlling cell survival by engagement of many specific intracellular signaling pathways and in facilitating metastasis. Integrins and associated proteins are regulated by control of transcription, membrane traffic, and degradation, as well as by a number of post-translational modifications including glycosylation, allowing integrin function to be modulated to conform to various cellular needs and environmental conditions. In this review, we examine the control of integrin function by cell metabolism, and the impact of this regulation in cancer. Within this context, nutrient sufficiency or deprivation is sensed by a number of metabolic signaling pathways such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1, which collectively control integrin function by a number of mechanisms. Moreover, metabolic flux through specific pathways also controls integrins, such as by control of integrin glycosylation, thus impacting integrin-dependent cell adhesion and migration. Integrins also control various metabolic signals and pathways, establishing the reciprocity of this regulation. As cancer cells exhibit substantial changes in metabolism, such as a shift to aerobic glycolysis, enhanced glucose utilization and a heightened dependence on specific amino acids, the reciprocal regulation of integrins and metabolism may provide important clues for more effective treatment of various cancers.

SERUM PROLACTINE LEVEL IN PATIENTS OF PSORIASIS VULGARIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DISEASE SEVERITY: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Kumar Saini ◽  
Devendra Yadav ◽  
Rozy Badyal ◽  
Suresh Jain ◽  
Arti Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Prolactin Level ◽  
R Value ◽  
Control Study

Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the skin mediated by T-lymphocytes resulting in production of cytokines which cause hyperproliferation of keratinocytes.  Several factors and hormones like Prolactin have an action similar to these cytokines in promoting the multiplication of keratinocytes and other cells like lymphocytes and epithelial cells may have a role on the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis. Aim:-The aim of study is to compare the serum Prolactin levels in patients of psoriasis with a control group. Setting and study design: This is a case-control study conducted in the department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy GMC, Kota over a period of 1year from July 2017 to June 2018 Material and method: The study included 100 cases of psoriasis (60 males and 40 females) and 100 controls similar for age and sex. Serum Prolactin levels were measured by ECLIA and results were obtained. Statistical analysis: Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each variable. Statistical significance of the results was analyzed using correlation analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient) and independent samples t-test. Statistical significance was assumed at p value<0.05. Result: Serum Prolactin level was significantly higher in cases of psoriasis compared to controls (p-value <0.001). PASI score and serum Prolactin levels were found to have a positive correlation (r value = 0.337; p-value: 0.001). No significant  correlation was found between serum levels of Prolactin and duration of disease r value= -0.034, P value =0.733). Serum Prolactin level was higher in male patients compared to females patients. Conclusion:- High serum Prolactin may be a biological marker of disease severity in psoriasis and may have a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Further studies with large sample size are required to confirm this hypothesis.

Scientific Substantiation of the Innovative Model of Catering for Cadet Corps Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Novikova ◽  
SP Romanenko ◽  
MA Lobkis
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Innovative Model ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Student’S T

Introduction: In the Russian Federation, much attention is traditionally paid to military education and training. A special place in its structure is occupied by the system of cadet classes and corps. A distinctive feature of the learning mode in such institutions is a combined effect of standard and specific factors of indoor school environment and intensive physical activity owing to sports, applied military and drill training. No evidence-based methods of establishing nutrient requirements of children in modern conditions of cadet corps have been developed so far, which predetermines the potential of transforming nutrition from a health-saving factor into a health risk factor. Our objective was to provide a scientific substantiation of the model of healthy nutrition for students of cadet-type educational establishments. Methods: The statistical significance of the correlation was evaluated using the Student’s t-test. Correlation and regression analyses were used to assess cause-and-effect relationships. The Pearson correlation coefficient (rxy) was used as an indicator of the strength of the relationship between quantitative indicators x and y, both having a normal distribution. Correlation coefficient (rxy) values were interpreted in accordance with the Chaddock scale. For the purpose of statistical modeling, the method of multiple linear regressions was used. Conclusions: We substantiated the innovative model of organizing healthy nutrition for students of cadet-type schools based on the correlation and regression analyses with determination of statistical significance of the studied characteristics. Its efficiency indicators include an increase in average functional capabilities of students by more than 10 % and a reduction in the probability of developmental disorders by more than 25 %.

Awareness of radiation doses and risks among radiology residents, fellows, specialists, consultants and technologists in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashayer Hassan Shuaib ◽  
Rahaf Hisham Niazi ◽  
Ahmed Haitham Abduljabbar ◽  
Mohammed Abdulraheem Wazzan
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right ◽  
Interventional Radiology Procedures ◽  
Radiology Staff

BACKGROUND Radiology now plays a major role to diagnose, monitoring, and management of several diseases; numerous diagnostic and interventional radiology procedures involve exposure to ionizing radiation. Radiology now plays a major role to diagnose, monitoring, and management of several diseases; numerous diagnostic and interventional radiology procedures involve exposure to ionizing radiation. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to discover and compare the awareness level of radiation doses, protection issues, and risks among radiology staff in Jeddah hospitals. METHODS A cross-sectional survey containing 25 questions on personal information and various aspects of radiation exposure doses and risks was designed using an online survey tool and the link was emailed to all radiology staff in eight tertiary hospitals in Jeddah. The authors were excluded from the study. A P-value of < .05 was used to identify statistical significance. All analyses were performed using SPSS, version 21. RESULTS Out of 156 participants the majority 151 (96.8%) had poor knowledge score, where the mean scores were 2.4±1.3 for doses knowledge, 2.1±1.1for cancer risks knowledge, 2.3±0.6 for general information, and 6.7±1.9 for the total score. Only 34.6% of the participants were aware of the dosage of a single-view chest x-ray, and 9.0% chose the right answer for the approximate effective dose received by a patient in a two-view. 42.9% were able to know the correct dose of CT abdomen single phase. There is a significant underestimation of cancer risk of CT studies especially for CT abdomen where only 23.7% knew the right risk. A p-value of <0.05 was used to identify statistical significance. No significant difference of knowledge score was detected regarding gender (P =.2) or work position (P=.66). CONCLUSIONS Our survey results show considerable inadequate knowledge in all groups without exception. We recommended a conscientious effort to deliver more solid education and obtain more knowledge in these matters and providing periodic training courses to teach how to minimize the dose of radiation and to avoid risk related. CLINICALTRIAL not applicable

scholarly journals Can diffusion and T2 star-weighted magnetic resonance imaging aid in the diagnosis of ectopic endometrium?

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Raafat ◽  
Soha H. Talaat ◽  
Salma M. Abdelghaffar ◽  
Engy A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Ectopic Endometrium

Abstract Background Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disorder characterized by the implantation of the endometrial tissue ectopically outside the endometrial cavity. It affects about 10% of females at the childbearing period and is estimated to be present up to 20–50% in women complaining of infertility. While laparoscopy is considered the mainstay for diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recognized as a useful tool for definitive diagnosis, pre-surgical planning, and determining whether the patient will require multi-specialty involvement. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of MRI with the addition of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2 star (T2*) to conventional MRI, for the accurate assessment of ectopic endometrium. Results Endometriotic lesions that showed diffusion restriction on DWI were 80.7%, and 96.1% of the endometriotic lesions had signal voids on the T2*W sequence, whereas only 65.4% of the lesions had typical signal intensities on T1WI and T2WI. Diagnostic performance of the MRI examination was improved by the use of the diffusion sequence and better improved by the T2* sequence, compared to the conventional MR protocol sensitivity (SE) = 96.12% and specificity (SP) = 85.7% in T2*-weighted images, SE = 80.7% and SP = 71.4% in DWI, and SE = 65.4% and SP = 71.4% in conventional MRI. P value for conventional MRI was 0.1, which is of no statistical significance (p < 0.05). P value for DWI was 0.016, which is statistically significant (p < 0.05). P value for T2*WI was 0.001, which is more statistically significant (p < 0.05) and could be adequately correlated with laparoscopy. Conclusion DWI and T2* significantly increase MRI diagnostic accuracy by allowing the detection of the hemorrhagic character of the endometriotic lesions. Studies with a large sample size are needed to confirm that they can replace invasive laparoscopy for the diagnosis of endometriosis.

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