Digital Subtraction Angiography for CT Angiogram Negative Haemorrhages

BackgroundIn patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and a negative finding on CT angiography (CTA), further imaging with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is commonly performed to identify the source of bleeding. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether negative findings on CTA can reliably exclude aneurysms in patients with acute SAH.MethodsThis retrospective study identified all DSAs performed between August 2010 and July 2014 within our institution. CT angiography was performed with a 64-section multidetector row CT scanner. Only DSAs from patients with confirmed SAH and a negative CTA result were included in the final analyses. A fellowship-trained neuroradiologist reviewed the imaging results.ResultsOf the 857 DSAs, 50 (5.83%) were performed in 35 patients with CTA-negative SAH. Of the 35 patients, three (8.57%) had positive findings on the DSA. In one patient, suspicious dissection of the extra- and intra-cranial segment of the right vertebral artery could not be confirmed even in retrospect. In the second patient, the suspicious finding of tiny protuberance from the left paraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA) on DSA did not change on follow-up and did not change patient’s management. The third patient had a posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm, which was not seen on the initial CTA owing to the incomplete coverage of the head on the CTA.ConclusionIn patients with SAH, negative findings on a technically sound CTA are reliable in ruling out aneurysms in any pattern of SAH or no blood on CT. Our observations need to be confirmed with larger prospective studies.