scholarly journals Public acceptability of nudges targeting parents and children to improve children's health outcomes: results from an online experiment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
OLIVIER DROUIN

Abstract There is great potential for nudges to make gains in child health through improvement of lifestyle behaviors. In this study, I use an online sample of adults to test the acceptability of two nudges (one to address teenage smoking and the other to address pediatric obesity) when targeting one of three populations: adults, parents or children. The study shows that a majority of adult respondents would accept the use of nudges aimed at parents and children. The findings show that nudging parents or children directly has the same acceptability as nudging adults. These results suggest that when the objective of a nudge is to improve children's health, it is acceptable to target parents or children themselves. These results open the door to testing the efficacy of nudges in pediatric public health.

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 2921
Author(s):  
Şafak Dağhan ◽  
Gülçin Yelten

Each year, 1.4 million children die from preventable diarrheal diseases in the world and %88 of these cases are associated with unsafe water, poor sanitation and hygiene. According to the World Health Organization’s report, approximately 10% of the global burden of disease is able to be prevented from provide water, sanitation and hygiene and management of water resources. The aim of this systematic review, to assess the results of researches evaluating the relationship between child health and water, sanitation, hygiene and public health interventions in this field and to examine the evidence. In order to reach articles relative to the topic, a scan was conducted of ten databases (Academic Search Complete (EBSCOHOST), BMJ Online Journals, LWW Total Access Collection (OVID), Oxford University Press Online Journals, Sage, Science Direct, Springerlink, Taylor&Francis Online Journals, Web of science, Wiley Interscience) providing access to publications on health sciences on the information net of Ege University library. The key words child health, water, sanitation and hygiene were used in the scan, as a result of which 284 research articles were found, and a total of 21 studies which fitted the criteria were included in the review. Although only 9.5% of the studies of children’s health and water health, sanitation and hygiene carried out in the last 20 years and included in the review were based in scientific proof, it was repeatedly shown at lower levels of proof that access to water and sanitation made an independent contribution to children’s health. These results show that effective interventions improving and developing health in relation to sanitation and hygiene have been tested, but that more experimental studies are needed. When developing public health policies on the provision of water, hygiene and sanitation, it is important to take account of the work force of public health nurses.Özet Dünyada her yıl 1.4 milyon çocuk önlenebilir ishalli hastalıklardan ölmektedir ve bu vakaların %88'i güvenli olmayan su, yetersiz sanitasyon ve hijyen ile ilişkilidir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün raporuna göre küresel hastalık yükünün yaklaşık % 10'u, su, sanitasyon, hijyenin sağlanması ve su kaynaklarının yönetimi ile önlenebilmektedir. Bu sistematik derleme, çocuk sağlığı ile su sağlığı, sanitasyon ve hijyen ilişkisini ve bu konudaki halk sağlığı girişimlerini değerlendiren araştırmaların sonuçlarını ve elde edilen kanıtları incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Konuyla ilgili makalelere ulaşmak için Ege Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi bilgi ağındaki sağlık bilimleri ile ilişkili yayınlara erişim sağlayan 10 veri tabanında (Academic Search Complete (EBSCOHOST), BMJ Online Journals, LWW Total Access Collection (OVID), Oxford University Press Online Journals, Sage, Science Direct, Springerlink, Taylor&Francis Online Journals, Web of science, Wiley Interscience) tarama yapılmıştır. Taramada "Child health", water, sanitation and hygiene anahtar kelimeleri kullanılmıştır. Tarama sonucunda toplam 284 araştırmaya ulaşılmış, kriterlere uygun toplam 21 araştırma derleme kapsamına alınmıştır. Derleme kapsamında ulaşılan son yirmi yılda yapılmış çocuk sağlığı ve su sağlığı, sanitasyon ve hijyen ilişkili araştırmaların yalnızca % 9,5'i kuvvetli bilimsel kanıt oluşturmakla birlikte, daha alt düzeydeki kanıtlar; su ve sanitasyona erişimin çocuk sağlığına bağımsız olarak katkıda bulunduğunu tekrarlı biçimde göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlar, sanitasyon ve hijyen ile ilgili sağlığı iyileştiren ve geliştiren etkili müdahalelerin test edildiği, daha fazla deneysel araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğunu göstermektedir. Su, sanitasyon ve hijyenin sağlanması konusunda toplumsal sağlık politikaları geliştirilirken, halk sağlığı hemşiresi iş gücünün de önemle dikkate alınması gerekmektedir.


2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-305
Author(s):  
IAIN BRASSINGTON

Abstract:The lack of sleep is a significant problem in the modern world. The structure of the economy means that 24 hour working is required from some of us, sometimes because we are expected to be able to respond to share-price fluctuations on the other side of the planet, sometimes because we are expected to serve kebabs to people leaving nightclubs, and sometimes because lives depend on it. The immediate effect is that we feel groggy; but there may be much more sinister long-term effects of persistent sleep deprivation and disruption, the evidence for which is significant, and worth taking seriously. If sleeplessness has a serious impact on health, it represents a notable public health problem. In this article, I sketch that problem, and look at how exploiting the pharmacopoeia (or a possible future pharmacopoeia) might allow us to tackle it. I also suggest that using drugs to mitigate or militate against sleeplessness is potentially morally and politically fraught, with implications for social justice. Hence, whatever reasons we have to use drugs to deal with the problems of sleeplessness, we ought to be careful.


JAMA ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 276 (24) ◽  
pp. 1938-1938
Author(s):  
R. Voelker

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