scholarly journals Modest changes in dietary intake across the menstrual cycle: implications for food intake research

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 888-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bryant ◽  
K. P. Truesdale ◽  
L. Dye
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

Food intake varies across the menstrual cycle in mammals, energy intake usually being greater in the premenstrual phase compared with the postmenstrual phase. Premenstrual increments in energy intake and a preferential selection of carbohydrate have been suggested to be greater in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), who may be more sensitive to cyclical hormonal or neurotransmitter fluctuations. This has direct implications for research within populations of women, especially where the primary outcome is diet or a change in energy balance. We aimed to determine whether: the premenstrual intake of energy and macronutrients differed from the postmenstrual intake; the change in intake across the menstrual cycle differed in women with PMS compared with controls; and the change in intake was related to the severity of premenstrual symptoms. We collected 3 d dietary intake data during the postmenstrual and premenstrual phases of the menstrual cycle in thirty-one women with PMS and twenty-seven control women. The consumption of energy and macronutrient intake were similar between the phases of the cycle in women with PMS. Conversely, intakes were usually greater premenstrually in control women, although not all differences were statistically significant. Exceptions were with non-milk extrinsic sugars and alcohol, which were both consumed in greater amounts in the premenstrual phase in women with PMS. Significant correlations were observed between the severity of symptoms and the change in the consumption of these nutrients. These data suggest that a consideration of the menstrual cycle phase and PMS in diet may not be warranted, especially in cross-sectional analysis, although it may need to be taken into account when examining change in intake during dietary interventions.

scholarly journals Effect of ultraprocessed food intake on cardiometabolic risk is mediated by diet quality: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000225
Author(s):  
Jennifer Griffin ◽  
Anwar Albaloul ◽  
Alexandra Kopytek ◽  
Paul Elliott ◽  
Gary Frost
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Cohort

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of the consumption of ultraprocessed food on diet quality, and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in an occupational cohort.DesignCross-sectional.SettingOccupational cohort.Participants53 163 British police force employees enrolled (2004–2012) into the Airwave Health Monitoring Study. A total of 28 forces across the UK agreed to participate. 9009 participants with available 7-day diet record data and complete co-variate data are reported in this study.Main outcome measuresA CMR and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score were treated as continuous variables and used to generate measures of cardiometabolic health and diet quality. Secondary outcome measures include percentage of energy from fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, protein and non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) and fibre grams per 1000 kcal of energy intake.ResultsIn this cohort, 58.3%±11.6 of total energy intake was derived from ultraprocessed (NOVA 4) foods. Ultraprocessed food intake was negatively correlated with diet quality (r=−0.32, p<0.001), fibre (r=−0.20, p<0.001) and protein (r = −0.40, p<0.001) and positively correlated with fat (r=0.18, p<0.001), saturated fat (r=0.14, p<0.001) and nmes (r=0.10, p<0.001) intake . Multivariable analysis suggests a positive association between ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) consumption and CMR. However, this main effect was no longer observed after adjustment for diet quality (p=0.209). Findings from mediation analysis indicate that the effect of ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) intake on CMR is mediated by diet quality (p<0.001).ConclusionsUltraprocessed food consumption is associated with a deterioration in diet quality and positively associated with CMR, although this association is mediated by and dependent on the quality of the diet. The negative impact of ultraprocessed food consumption on diet quality needs to be addressed and controlled studies are needed to fully comprehend whether the relationship between ultraprocessed food consumption and health is independent to its relationship with poor diet quality.

scholarly journals High-risk environments for eating foods surplus to requirements: a multilevel analysis of adolescents’ non-core food intake in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoi Toumpakari ◽  
Kate Tilling ◽  
Anne M Haase ◽  
Laura Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Risk Environments ◽  
Core Energy

AbstractObjectiveInterventions to reduce adolescents’ non-core food intake (i.e. foods high in fat and sugar) could target specific people or specific environments, but the relative importance of environmental contexts v. individual characteristics is unknown.DesignCross-sectional.SettingData from 4d food diaries in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) 2008–2012 were analysed. NDNS food items were classified as ‘non-core’ based on fat and sugar cut-off points per 100g of food. Linear multilevel models investigated associations between ‘where’ (home, school, etc.) and ‘with whom’ (parents, friends, etc.) eating contexts and non-core food energy (kcal) per eating occasion (EO), adjusting for variables at the EO (e.g. time of day) and adolescent level (e.g. gender).ParticipantsAdolescents (n 884) aged 11–18 years.ResultsOnly 11 % of variation in non-core energy intake was attributed to differences between adolescents. In adjusted models, non-core food intake was 151 % higher (ratio; 95 % CI) in EO at ‘Eateries’ (2·51; 2·14, 2·95) and 88 % higher at ‘School’ (1·88; 1·65, 2·13) compared with ‘Home’. EO with ‘Friends’ (1·16; CI 1·03, 1·31) and ‘Family & friends’ (1·21; 1·07, 1·37) contained 16–21 % more non-core food compared with eating ‘Alone’. At the individual level, total energy intake and BMI, but not social class, gender or age, were weakly associated with more non-core energy intake.ConclusionsRegardless of individual characteristics, adolescents’ non-core food consumption was higher outside the home, especially at eateries. Targeting specific eating contexts, not individuals, may contribute to more effective public health interventions.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Potassium urinary excretion and dietary intake: a cross-sectional analysis in 8–10 year-old children

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Catarina Oliveira ◽  
Patrícia Padrão ◽  
André Moreira ◽  
Mariana Pinto ◽  
Mafalda Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals METABOLIC SYNDROME PREVALENCE IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH DIET QUALITY IN THE CHILEAN ELDERLY POPULATION: A CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS FROM THE NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 2009-2010

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
C. Dussaillant ◽  
G. Echeverría ◽  
L. Villarroel ◽  
C.B. Yu ◽  
A. Rigotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, food intake, and diet quality in elderly (≥65 years old) Chilean population. Design: Cross sectional analysis based on the last national health survey performed in the years 2009 and 2010 (ChNHS 2009-2010). Setting: Non-institutionalized individuals of 65 years or older were selected and visited at home. Participants: A subsample of 505 elderly adults from the ChNHS 2009-2010 who answered a food questionnaire and had appropriate information to diagnose metabolic syndrome following the ATPIII-NCEP guidelines. Measurements: Fasting blood samples were obtained in order to measure blood lipids and fasting blood glucose. Blood pressure, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) were also measured. A 5-item food frequency questionnaire was applied to all the participants of NHS 2009-2010. Results: The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Chilean adult population was 37.7%, increasing in frequency with advancing age. Among the elderly (≥65 years old), metabolic syndrome was found in 57.2% of the sample. Elevated blood pressure and increased waist circumference were the most prevalent metabolic syndrome components among this group (88% and 80%, respectively). Low intake of fruits, vegetables, whole cereals, fish, and dairy was seen among the elderly, and no association was found between food intake nor diet quality and metabolic syndrome prevalence. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent among the Chilean elderly population and its prevalence is not associated with food intake or diet quality in this age group.

scholarly journals Endogenous Oxytocin Levels in Relation to Food Intake, Menstrual Phase, and Age in Females

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1348-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Aulinas ◽  
Reitumetse L Pulumo ◽  
Elisa Asanza ◽  
Christopher J Mancuso ◽  
Meghan Slattery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Menstrual Cycle Phase ◽  
Mixed Meal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Healthy Females

Abstract Context Oxytocin regulates a range of physiological processes including eating behavior and oxytocin administration reduces caloric intake in males. There are few data on oxytocin and eating behavior in healthy females or on the response of endogenous oxytocin to food intake and its relationship to appetite in humans. Objectives To determine the postprandial pattern of oxytocin levels, the relationship between oxytocin and appetite, and the impact of menstrual cycle phase and age on oxytocin levels in females. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Clinical research center. Participants Fifty-five healthy females (age 10 to 45 years). Interventions A standardized mixed meal was administered. Main Outcome Measurements Blood sampling for oxytocin occurred at fasting and at 30, 60, and 120 minutes postmeal. Appetite was assessed using Visual Analogue Scales pre- and postmeal. Results Mean fasting oxytocin levels were 1011.2 ± 52.3 pg/mL (SEM) and decreased at 30 and 60 minutes postmeal (P = 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Mean oxytocin levels decreased19.6% ± 3.0% from baseline to nadir. Oxytocin area under the curve was lower in the early to midfollicular menstrual cycle phase (P = 0.0003) and higher in younger females (P = 0.002). The percent change in oxytocin (baseline to nadir) was associated with postprandial hunger (rs = -0.291, P = 0.03) and fullness (rs = 0.345, P = 0.009). These relations remained significant after controlling for calories consumed, menstrual cycle status, and age (P = 0.023 and P = 0.0001, respectively). Conclusions Peripheral oxytocin levels in females decrease after a mixed meal and are associated with appetite independent of menstrual phase, age, and caloric intake, suggesting that endogenous oxytocin levels may play a role in perceived hunger and satiety.

scholarly journals Parent–child cooking meal together may relate to parental concerns about the diets of their toddlers and preschoolers: a cross-sectional analysis in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Midori Ishikawa ◽  
Kumi Eto ◽  
Miki Miyoshi ◽  
Tetsuji Yokoyama ◽  
Mayu Haraikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Picky Eating ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cooking Practices ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Parent Child

Abstract Background Parents often have concerns about the food habits of their young children. Cooking is a frequent behavior related to dietary activities at home. We hypothesized that “a parent cooking meals together with young children might alleviate dietary concerns.” The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between parental cooking practices (e.g., cooking meals together with the child) and diet-related concerns. Methods Data were extracted from the “National nutrition survey on preschool children” conducted among nation-wide households with toddlers and preschoolers in 2015 by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Parents were classified into two groups comprising those who cooked meals together with their children and those who did not. The following variables were compared: taking too much time to eat (slow eaters), “picky” eating (eating only certain foods), inconsistent food intake (eating too much or too little), playing with food/utensils while eating, preferring sweetened beverages and snacks over meals, eating too fast to chew well, not swallowing food, disinterested in eating, and spitting out food. The associations between parent–child cooking meals together and the concerns pertaining to the child’s dietary habits and food intake were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results The concerns of “picky eating” and “playing with food/utensils while eating” were lower, while “eating too much” was higher in the parent-cooking together group. The intake frequency of fish, soybeans/soy products, vegetables, and milk among children were higher in the “cooking together” group than among those in the “not cooking together” group. Children in the “cooking together” group consumed a significantly greater variety of foods than those in the “not cooking together” group. Conclusions Cooking a meal together with a child may be related to the parent’s lower concerns about the dietary habits of the child, including “picky eating” and “playing with food/utensils while eating,” but may also be related to the higher concerns of “eating too much.”

THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MENSTRUAL CYCLE CHARACTERISTICS AND PERCEIVED BODY IMAGE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY OF POLISH FEMALE ADOLESCENTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kaczmarek ◽  
Sylwia Trambacz-Oleszak
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Ideal Body Image ◽  
Self Discrepancy

SummaryThe increasing prevalence of negative body perceptions among adolescent girls and the tendency towards wishing to be thinner have become a cultural norm in Western culture. Adolescent girls are particularly vulnerable to developing a negative body image due to physical and sexual changes occurring during puberty. This study aimed to evaluate the association between different measures of body image perceptions and different phases of the menstrual cycle after controlling for weight status and other potential confounders in Polish adolescent girls aged 12–18 years. Three-hundred and thirty participants of a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2009, normally cycling and with no eating disorders, completed a background questionnaire and the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale, and their anthropometric measurements were collected. The dependent outcome variables were measures of body image (actual body image, ideal body image and ideal-self discrepancy) and dichotomous body image perception (satisfied versus dissatisfied) adjusted for other predictor factors: socio-demographic variables, menstrual history and cycle phases, and weight status. One-way ANOVA indicated that weight status, age at menarche and menstrual cycle phase were associated with actual body image and rate of ideal-self discrepancy. Ideal body image was associated with weight status and menstrual cycle phase. General logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate associations of body dissatisfaction and all potential predictor variables. The final selected model of the multiple logistic regression analysis using the backward elimination procedure revealed that adjusted for other factors, negative body image was significantly associated with different phases of the menstrual cycle (ptrend=0.033) and increasing body weight status (ptrend=0.0007). The likelihood of body dissatisfaction was greatest during the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle (OR=2.38; 95% CI 1.06, 5.32) and among girls in obesity class I (OR=8.04; 95% CI 2.37, 27.26). The study confirmed the association between body image dissatisfaction in adolescent girls and different phases of the menstrual cycle after controlling for weight status. The issue of negative body self-image is not only of cognitive, but also of practical value as understanding better the factors contributing to the formation of a negative body image may be instrumental in developing preventive health programmes targeted at young people.

Effects of menstrual cycle and menopause on internal carotid artery shear-mediated dilation in women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Iwamoto ◽  
Rintaro Sakamoto ◽  
Wakako Tsuchida ◽  
Kotomi Yamazaki ◽  
Tatsuki Kamoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Index

This study aimed to elucidate the effects of change in estrogen during the menstrual cycle and menopause on shear-mediated dilation of the internal carotid artery (ICA), a potential index of cerebrovascular endothelial function. Shear-mediated dilation of the ICA and serum estradiol were measured in 11 premenopausal (Pre-M, 21±1yrs), 13 perimenopausal (Peri-M, 49±2yrs), and 10 postmenopausal (Post-M, 65±7yrs) women. Measurements were made twice within the Pre-M group at their early follicular (EF, lower estradiol) and late follicular (LF, higher estradiol) phases. Shear-mediated dilation was induced by 3min of hypercapnia (target PETCO2 +10mmHg from individual baseline) and was calculated as the percent rise in peak diameter relative to baseline diameter. ICA diameter and blood velocity were simultaneously measured by Doppler ultrasound. In Pre-M, shear-mediated dilation was higher during the LF phase than during the EF phase (P<0.01). Comparing all groups, shear-mediated dilation was reduced across the menopausal transition (P<0.01), and Pre-M during the LF phase showed the highest value (8.9±1.4%) compared with other groups (Pre-M in EF, 6.4±1.1%; Peri-M, 5.5±1.3%; Post-M, 5.2±1.9%, P<0.05 for all). Shear-mediated dilation was positively correlated with serum estradiol even after adjustment of age (P<0.01, r=0.55, age-adjusted; P=0.02, r=0.35). Collectively, these data indicate that controlling the menstrual cycle phase is necessary for the cross-sectional assessments of shear-mediated dilation of the ICA in premenopausal women. Moreover, current findings suggest that a decline in cerebrovascular endothelial function may be partly related to the reduced circulating estrogen levels in peri- and postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake and Clinical Response of Hospitalized Patients with Acute Diarrhea

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfuza Islam ◽  
S.K. Roy ◽  
Muktara Begum ◽  
M. Jobayer Chisti
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Stool Weight ◽  
Clinical Records

Background Diarrhea and malnutrition remain major health problems among children of developing countries. During diarrhea, the patient's dietary intake and absorption of nutrients are reduced while nutritional requirements are increased. Objective To determine the relationship between food intake and clinical response during the hospital stay of patients with acute diarrhea. Methods A hospital-based longitudinal study was conducted in 118 patients with acute diarrhea aged 6 to 59 months who required treatment for at least 3 days in the in-patient ward in Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B). Daily food intake was measured and anthropometric measurements were taken to assess nutritional status. Daily stool weight and clinical records were collected. The data were analyzed with SPSS/PC+, version 10, and EPI STAT, version 3.2.2. Results The duration of diarrhea was 50% greater in patients with lower energy intake (less than 50% of the recommended dietary allowance [RDA]) than in those with higher energy intake (6 vs. 4 days, p = <.001). Patients with lower energy intake had 22% greater stool output than those with higher energy intake (122.65 vs. 100.37 mL/kg body weight/day, p = .04). Among patients with lower energy intake, the weight-for-age and weight-for-height z-scores (WAZ and WHZ) at discharge from the hospital were higher than those at admission (−3.53±1.25 vs. −3.67±1.31 and 1.95±1.23 vs. −2.14±1.22, respectively; p = .001 for both comparisons), but these scores did not differ at admission and discharge among patients with higher energy intake. The Kaplan–Meier survival function showed that 80% of well-nourished children (WAZ ≥ −2), as compared with 58% of malnourished children (WAZ < −2), recovered by the 4th day of treatment ( p < .01). The length of the recovery period was related negatively with total energy intake ( p = <.001) and mid-upper-arm circumference ( p = .004) and positively with stool weight. Conclusions Food intake was reduced in the hospitalized children because of severe illness. Patients with lower energy intake as a percentaqe of RDA had delayed clinical recovery and higher stool output.

scholarly journals Relationship between sleep duration and dietary intake in 4- to 14-year-old Danish children

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Hoppe ◽  
Berit W. Rothausen ◽  
Anja Biltoft-Jensen ◽  
Jeppe Matthiessen ◽  
Margit V. Groth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits

AbstractA negative association between sleep duration and BMI has been observed in children. However, knowledge about the association between sleep duration and diet is limited. The objective was to examine the association between sleep duration and intake of foods and nutrients in children. In the present cross-sectional study, dietary intake and sleep duration were recorded by the parents for seven consecutive days in a food and sleep record in a representative sample of 802 4- to 14-year-old children. No sex differences were found regarding age and sleep duration. Sleep duration was negatively correlated to age (ρ = –0·68; P < 0·001) and BMI (ρ = –0·41; P < 0·001). In multiple linear regression analyses, sleep duration was not associated with energy intake (b = –0·015; P = 0·20), but there was a trend towards a positive association with intake of dietary fibre (b = 0·006; P = 0·05) and vegetables (b = 0·011; P = 0·05), and a negative association with intake of poultry (b = –0·002; P = 0·02), and a trend towards a negative association with intake of liquid ‘discretionary calories’ (b = –0·01; P = 0·05). Furthermore, in a comparison of dietary intake between age-dependent tertiles of sleep duration, only intake of liquid ‘discretionary calories’ was significantly lower in long sleepers than in short and medium sleepers (P = 0·03). In conclusion, sleep duration was not associated with energy intake and the proposal that children with short sleep duration have less healthy eating habits than children with longer sleep duration was only weakly supported by the present findings.

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