scholarly journals Functional markers of selenium status: UK Food Standards Agency workshop report

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 980-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Elsom ◽  
Peter Sanderson ◽  
John E. Hesketh ◽  
Malcolm J. Jackson ◽  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Selenium Status ◽  
Workshop Report ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Se Status

The workshop was organised to discuss the validity and limitations of existing functional markers of Se status in human subjects and to identify future research priorities in this area. Studies presented as part of this workshop investigated: the bioavailability of Se from different dietary sources; potential functional markers of Se status; individual variation in response to Se; the effect of marginal Se status on immune function. The workshop highlighted the need to define the relationship between functional markers of Se status and health outcomes.

Trade Union Membership and Job Satisfaction

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Bluen ◽  
Caroline van Zwam
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Worker Satisfaction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

The relationship between union membership and job satisfaction, and the moderating role of race and sex is considered in this study. Results show that both race and sex interact with union membership in predicting job satisfaction. A significant 2 × 2 × 2 (union membership × race × sex) interaction showed that white, non-unionized females were less satisfied with their work than black, non-unionized females. In addition, sex moderated the relationship between union membership and co-worker satisfaction: Whereas unionized males were more satisfied with their co-workers than unionized females, the opposite was true for the non-unionized subjects. Finally, union members and non-members differed regarding promotion opportunities: Union members were more satisfied with their promotion opportunities than non-union members. On the basis of the findings, implications and future research priorities are discussed.

Folate bioavailability: UK Food Standards Agency workshop report

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Sanderson ◽  
Helene McNulty ◽  
Pierpaolo Mastroiacovo ◽  
Ian F. W. McDowell ◽  
Alida Melse-Boonstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Workshop Report ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Folate Bioavailability ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Review Current

The UK Food Standards Agency convened a group of expert scientists to review current research investigating folate bioavailability. The workshop aimed to overview current research and establish priorities for future research. Discrepancies were observed in the evidence base for folate bioavailability, especially with regard to the relative bioavailability of natural folates compared with folic acid. A substantial body of evidence shows folic acid to have superior bioavailability relative to food folates; however, the exact relative bioavailability still needs to be determined, and in particular with regard to mixed diets. The bioavailability of folate in a mixed diet is probably not a weighted average of that in the various foods consumed; thus the workshop considered that assessment of folate bioavailability of whole diets should be a high priority for future research.

scholarly journals HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: The Relationship of HIV Infection with Physical and Social Comorbidities

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M. Tedaldi ◽  
Nancy L. Minniti ◽  
Tracy Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The prevalence of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) will undoubtedly increase with the improved longevity of HIV-infected persons. HIV infection, itself, as well as multiple physiologic and psychosocial factors can contribute to cognitive impairment and neurologic complications. These comorbidities confound the diagnosis, assessment, and interventions for neurocognitive disorders. In this review, we discuss the role of several key comorbid factors that may contribute significantly to the development and progression of HIV-related neurocognitive impairment, as well as the current status of diagnostic strategies aimed at identifying HIV-infected individuals with impaired cognition and future research priorities and challenges.

When Stigma Is Concealable: The Costs and Benefits for Health

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Costs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Supportive Environments ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes ◽  
Stigmatized Identity

Research on the effects of concealing a stigmatized identity on health outcomes is remarkably mixed, with results showing both health costs and benefits to concealing. This chapter reviews the literature and presents a framework for conceptualizing the moderators and mediators of the concealment–health relationship. It is proposed that people who reveal their stigmatized identity within supportive environments reap health benefits, whereas those living in more hostile environments benefit by greater concealment. However, if concealment leads to greater cognitive burden, then negative health outcomes can occur. If people do disclose their stigmatized identity, the confidants they choose, the level of social support received, and the negativity of the reactions will all influence the relationship between disclosure and health outcomes. Future research is needed to clarify which variables are most important for health and to examine differences between identity types and environments.

scholarly journals Housing and Health among Young First Nations Children Living Off Reserve: Results from the 2006 Aboriginal Children’s Survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Guevremont ◽  
Evelyne Bougie ◽  
Dafna Kohen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Parental Satisfaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age And Sex

First Nations children in Canada often experience poorer housing conditions than other Canadian children. This study used the 2006 Aboriginal Children’s Survey to examine the relationship between housing and physical and mental health for First Nations preschool-aged children living off-reserve. This study provides evidence that the physical, spatial, and psychological aspects of housing in which young off-reserve First Nations children live are associated with their physical and mental health, even after controlling for family socioeconomic factors, area of residence, and child’s age and sex (analyzed with regression models). In particular, homeownership, parental satisfaction with housing, and number of moves per year were all associated with multiple physical and mental health outcomes. Future research is needed to further investigate the mechanisms at play.

Childlessness and Health Among Older Adults: Variation Across Five Outcomes and 20 Countries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nekehia T Quashie ◽  
Bruno Arpino ◽  
Radoslaw Antczak ◽  
Christine A Mair
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aging Policy ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives No previous study to the best of our knowledge has examined the association between childlessness and health using a wide range of countries and health outcomes. This study improves previous literature by examining the relationship between “childlessness” (1 = childless for any reason, 0 = parent of biological, step, or adopted child) and health across 20 countries and five health outcomes. Methods Drawing on cross-sectional harmonized data from the family of Health and Retirement Surveys across the United States (HRS, Wave 11), Europe (SHARE, Waves 4 and 5), Mexico (MHAS, Wave 3), and China (CHARLS, Wave 2), we use logistic regression models to estimate the association between childlessness and poor health (poor self-rated health, 1 or more ADL limitations, 1 or more IADL limitations, 1 or more chronic conditions, and depression) in a sample of adults aged 50 and older across 20 countries (N = 109,648). Results Our results point to an absence of associations between childlessness and health, and suggest that childlessness may be associated with better (e.g., Mexico, Hungary) or worse health (e.g., Austria, Estonia, Netherlands, Poland) in certain contexts and for certain measures. Discussion We discuss these findings in light of the meaning of childlessness, as well as cross-national economic, social, and cultural contexts to provide suggestions for aging policy and future research.

scholarly journals Vitamin C: prospective functional markers for defining optimal nutritional status

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris F. F. Benzie
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Minimum Risk ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Most species of plants and animals synthesize ascorbic acid, but human subjects cannot, making vitamin C an essential component of our diet. Relationships between vitamin C intake and status, and between status and health are not yet clear. There is evidence, however, that higher intake of vitamin C is associated with lower risk of disease, supporting the concept that optimal intake is needed for optimal vitamin C status, and that both factors are required for optimal health. Vitamin C has low toxicity in healthy subjects, but a clear definition of optimal status and the dietary intake required to meet and maintain this status is needed before a change in the current recommended intake can be considered. Available evidence suggests that intake of 200 mg vitamin C/d saturates tissues and maintains fasting plasma levels above the proposed threshold (50 μmol/l) for minimum risk of CHD. However, the issue of whether or not these levels produce ‘optimal vitamin C status’ awaits the clear and accepted definition of the term. This definition in turn awaits the development of reliable functional markers capable of assessing the effects of varying levels of vitamin C nutriture. In the present paper the relationship between intake and body stores of vitamin C and the role of vitamin C in human health are reviewed briefly. The requirements of a reliable functional marker of human vitamin C status are defined, three classes of functional markers (molecular, biochemical and physiological) are described, and possible candidate markers are examined.

Emerging diet-related surrogate end points for colorectal cancer: UK Food Standards Agency diet and colonic health workshop report

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Sanderson ◽  
Ian T. Johnson ◽  
John C. Mathers ◽  
Hilary J. Powers ◽  
C. Stephen Downes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
End Points ◽  
Workshop Report ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Colonic Health ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Review Current

The UK Food Standards Agency convened a group of expert scientists to review current research investigating emerging diet-related surrogate end points for colorectal cancer (CRC). The workshop aimed to overview current research and establish priorities for future research. The workshop considered that the validation of current putative diet-related surrogate end points for CRC and the development of novel ones, particularly in the emerging fields of proteomics, genomics and epigenomics, should be a high priority for future research.

Mental Health and Women's Multiple Roles

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Drago Piechowski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The author reviews the empirical literature concerning the relationship of women's multiple roles to mental health. A conceptual framework is proposed postulating that negative mental health outcomes may result from high levels of stress and demands across roles and a low level of agency or control over those demands. Suggestions for future research within this model as well as implications for clinical practice are presented.

scholarly journals Priorities for Future Research about Screen Use and Adolescent Mental Health: A Participatory Prioritization Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norha Vera San Juan ◽  
Sian Oram ◽  
Vanessa Pinfold ◽  
Rachel Temple ◽  
Una Foye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Adolescent Mental Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Screen Use

Background: This study aimed to identify research priorities for future research on screen use and adolescent mental health, from the perspectives of young people, parents/carers, and teachers. Methods: The study design was informed by the James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership approach. A three-stage consensus-based process of consultation to identify research priorities using qualitative and quantitative methods. Research was guided by a steering group comprising researchers, third sector partners, clinicians, parents/carers and young people. A Young People′s Advisory Group contributed at each stage. Results: Initial steps generated 26 research questions of importance to children and young people; these were ranked by 357 participants (229 children and young people and 128 adults). Consensus was reached for the prioritisation of four topics for future research: (i) the impact of exposure to adult content on young people′s mental health and relationships; (ii) the relationship between screen use and the wellbeing of young people from vulnerable groups; (iii) the impact of screen use on brain development; and (iv) the relationship between screen use and sleep. Additionally, young participants prioritized questions about online bullying, advertisements targeting young people, and the relationship between social media and specific mental health conditions. Research topics of interest arising specifically during the pandemic included the effects on adolescent mental health of exposure to constant news updates and online racial bias, and how young people take part in activism online Conclusion: These findings will enable researchers and funders to conduct research that is needs-oriented and relevant to the target audience.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document