Body Dissatisfaction, Weight-Related Behaviours, and Health Behaviours: A Comparison Between Australian and Malaysian in Female Emerging Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Pravina Santhira Shagar ◽  
Caroline L. Donovan ◽  
Jennifer Boddy ◽  
Caley Tapp ◽  
Patricia Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Thin Ideal ◽  
Sexual Behaviours ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Malaysian Women

Abstract The presence of body dissatisfaction (BD) in non-Western countries is an important area of empirical enquiry. The results reflect collectivistic and individualistic cultures of Malaysians and Australians, respectively, whereby social approval, social acceptance, and cultural values are of high importance to Malaysians compared with the more liberal attitudes of Australians with respect to health behaviours. This study sought to compare: (1) Australian and Malaysian women on BD, thin ideal internalisation, sociocultural influences, problematic weight-related behaviours, and health behaviours; and (2) the degree to which BD is associated with health behaviours (smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use, and sexual behaviours) across the two cultures. Participants were 428 Australian females and 402 Malaysian females aged 18–25 years old. Australians had higher BD, thin ideal internalisation, family and media influences, restrained eating, and poorer health behaviours, while Malaysians had higher peer influence. There was no difference for bulimic behaviours across the two countries. BD was found to have an association with use of drugs, smoking, and sexual behaviours among Malaysian women, but not for Australian participants. The permeation of Western standards of the thin ideal due to increased industrialisation, Westernisation, and modernisation has brought about bulimic behaviours in Malaysian women, similar to that of Australian women.

Contribution of Demographics, Sociological Factors, and Media Usage to Verbal Aggressiveness

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Glascock
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Rap Music ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Verbal Aggressiveness ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Sociological Factors

Given the increasing relevance of verbal aggression in today’s society, the goal of this study was to assess the relative contributions of potential demographic and sociological factors. Emerging adults were surveyed, and the data were analyzed using correlations and hierarchical regression. While television viewing, video game playing, and music listening were positively correlated with verbal aggression, only (rap) music listening remained significant when demographic and other sociological influences were factored in. Overall, the hierarchical regression analysis found religiosity, parental and peer influence, quality of neighborhood, sex, and media usage (listening to rap music) to be significant contributors to verbal aggression among emerging adults. Male participants reported more verbally aggressive behavior than women, and African Americans reported more verbal aggression than White respondents. While media usage seems to play a significant, but relatively small role, other demographic and sociological factors such as gender, neighborhood, religion, peers, and parents appear to be major contributors in the development of verbal aggression among emerging adults.

scholarly journals A Differential Construct Methodology for Modelling Predictive Cultural Values

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béatrice Boufoy-Bastick
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Explanatory Model ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Fiji Islands ◽  
Target Construct ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Natural Laboratory

This paper presents an explanatory model of cultural behaviours, which resulted from a four-year ethnographic study of the different academic attainments in English of indigenous Fijians and the Indo-Fijians in the Fiji Islands. Fiji is a natural laboratory for investigating differential cultural behaviours because of these two culturally distinct main ethnic groups. Their different cultural behaviours were found to serve different values within each culture. A three-construct grounded model of these different values emerged from observations and analyses of these behaviours. These constructs were then de-constructed to define and explain a fourth target construct of their Differential Teaching Behaviours, which were contributing to the different academic attainments of the two cultures. The validity of the resulting four-construct model was both empirically and quantitatively ascertained and it is argued that the model can be used to predict culturally determined behaviours and educational outcomes in similar multicultural contexts.

scholarly journals Fear Of Success in Women Working with The Banyumas Cultural Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilal Akbar Faturahman ◽  
Retno Dwiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Fear Of Success ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Life Work

Indonesia has a variety of cultures in each region. Javanese culture in general namely konco wingking and the Banyumas culture which is one of the parts of Java, namely cablaka, it contributes to the development of women careers because there are contradictions between the two cultures. This systematic review aims to examine the fear of success in women working with the Banyumas cultural approach. The inclusion and exclusion criteria like data that used in 2009-2019 time frame, data obtained from the site https://scholar.google.co.id, the data that used is related to fear of success, cablaka, and Javanese women. Based on the results of the literature review, it is understood that fear of success is an obstacle to women career development because of the fear of negative results obtained (loss of femininity, loss of social self-esteem, and loss of social rejection). Women who experience fear of success blame the culture as a set of internal hope. Javanese women has culture, the name is konco wingking. It is a caste differentiate between women and men, where men have a higher position. Cablaka culture is a culture of the spontaneity of the Banyumas community towards everything that happens in plain sight without being covered up. The orientation of Banyumas cultural values shows that there are five Banyumas human relations with the meaning of life, work, time, nature, and fellow humans.

Influenza dei media, autostima e insoddisfazione corporea in un gruppo di preadolescenti maschi e femmine

2009 ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Amanda Nerini
Keyword(s):  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thin Body ◽  
Media Influence ◽  
Thin Ideal ◽  
Sociocultural Attitudes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Source Of Information

- The present study analyses the relation among media influence, self esteem and body dissatisfaction in a group of preadolescent boys and girls. 243 preadolescents with the mean age of 12 were involved. The group consisted of 127 boys and 116 girls. They were asked to complete the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3; Thompson et al., 2004), the Body Shape Questionnaire (Dowson e Henderson, 2001) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). Preadolescent females reported higher levels of body dissatisfaction than preadolescent males. They also scored higher in three SATAQ-3 subscales: whether media are important source of information about being attractive, internalization of a media thin ideal and perceived media pressures to be thin. Body mass index and internalization of a thin ideal emerged as significant predictors of body dissatisfaction for both sexes. Perceived media pressures predict body dissatisfaction only among girls.Key words: media influence, self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, preadolescenceParole chiave: influenza dei media, autostima, insoddisfazione corporea, preadolescenza.

scholarly journals Developmental changes in fat talk to avoid peer rejection in Japanese girls and young women

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510291985417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Takamura ◽  
Yoko Yamazaki ◽  
Mika Omori
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Thin Ideal ◽  
Fat Talk ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
High School Girls ◽  
Thin Ideal Internalization ◽  
School Girls

“Fat talk” refers to conversations focused on body disparagement. We examined developmental changes in fat talk to avoid social rejection and the mediating role of fat talk between “thin-ideal” internalization and body dissatisfaction. A total of 214 high school girls and 227 college-aged women completed questionnaires assessing fat talk engagement, body dissatisfaction, thin-ideal internalization, and sensitivity to rejection. Path analyses showed that fat talk mediated between thin-ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction and that rejection sensitivity predicted fat talk among high school girls, but not among college women. The purpose of fat talk differed by developmental stage, suggesting that interventions for improving body image should be developmentally tailored.

Peer influence, Frontostriatal connectivity, and delay discounting in African American emerging adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Christopher Holmes ◽  
Max Owens ◽  
Steven R. H. Beach ◽  
Michael McCormick ◽  
Emily Hallowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Peer Influence

scholarly journals New Body Scales Reveal Body Dissatisfaction, Thin-Ideal, and Muscularity-Ideal in Males

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Ralph-Nearman ◽  
Ruth Filik
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Actual Body ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Thin Ideal ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Drive For Muscularity ◽  
Manipulation Check ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination ◽  
Body Scale

The aim of the current study was to develop, test, and retest two new male body dissatisfaction scales: The Male Body Scale (MBS; consisting of emaciated to obese figures) and the Male Fit Body Scale (MFBS; consisting of emaciated to muscular figures). These scales were compared to the two most commonly used visually based indices of body dissatisfaction (Stunkard Figure Rating Scale, SFRS; and Somatomorphic Matrix, SM). Male participants rated which body figure on each scale most represented their current figure, then their ideal figure, and then rated which one of the three scales (MBS, MFBS, and SFRS) best represented their current and ideal body overall. Finally, they completed the Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS), the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q 6.0), and their actual body composition was calculated. This was followed by a retest and manipulation check 2 to 6 weeks later. Participants’ actual body mass index, fat- and muscularity-percentage were all highly related to their current body figure choice, and both new scales were consistently valid and more reliable between test and retest than the SFRS and SM body dissatisfaction scores. Importantly, each scale was sensitive to different types of body dissatisfaction within males. Specifically, the MBS revealed that males’ desire for the thin-ideal significantly corresponded to higher eating disorder tendencies as identified by EDE-Q 6.0 scores, while the MFBS revealed much higher body dissatisfaction toward the larger, muscularity-ideal, predicting higher drive for muscularity as identified by DMS scores. Results validated the new scales, and inform male-focused eating disorder research.

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