scholarly journals Video bit-rate requirements for 8K 120-Hz HEVC/H.265 temporal scalable coding: experimental study based on 8K subjective evaluations

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuko Sugito ◽  
Shinya Iwasaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Chida ◽  
Kazuhisa Iguchi ◽  
Kikufumi Kanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Scalable Coding ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Screen Height

Abstract 8K video parameters were designed to provide an immersive experience; meanwhile, special considerations are necessary to assess the entire screen subjectively. This paper studies the video bit-rate required for 8K 119.88-Hz (120-Hz) and 59.94-Hz (60-Hz) the high efficiency video coding (HEVC)/H.265 temporal scalable coding based on subjective evaluation experiments. To investigate the appropriate bit-rate for both 8K 120- and 60-Hz videos for broadcasting purposes, we compress 8K 120-Hz test sequences using software that emulates our real-time HEVC encoder and conduct two types of experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that the required video bit-rate for 8K 120-Hz temporal scalable coding is estimated to be 85–110 Mbps, which is equivalent to the practical bit-rate for 8K 60-Hz videos, and the appropriate bit-rate for 8K 60-Hz video in 8K 120-Hz video at 85 Mbps is assumed to be ~80 Mbps. From the analyses of the encoded videos, it is confirmed that the experimental results are primarily influenced by the image quality on the slice boundary positioned at the middle of the screen height. When conducting the experiments, we determined settings referring to an initial 8K subjective assessment; we further mention requirements for future 8K subjective evaluations from the experimental results.

scholarly journals Video Compression for Screen Recorded Sequences Following Eye Movements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Jesus Serrano-Carrasco ◽  
Antonio Jesus Diaz-Honrubia ◽  
Pedro Cuenca
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Video Coding ◽  
Video Compression ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Video Traffic ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
Perceptual Video Coding

AbstractWith the advent of smartphones and tablets, video traffic on the Internet has increased enormously. With this in mind, in 2013 the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard was released with the aim of reducing the bit rate (at the same quality) by 50% with respect to its predecessor. However, new contents with greater resolutions and requirements appear every day, making it necessary to further reduce the bit rate. Perceptual video coding has recently been recognized as a promising approach to achieving high-performance video compression and eye tracking data can be used to create and verify these models. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for the bit rate reduction of screen recorded sequences based on the visual perception of videos. An eye tracking system is used during the recording to locate the fixation point of the viewer. Then, the area around that point is encoded with the base quantization parameter (QP) value, which increases when moving away from it. The results show that up to 31.3% of the bit rate may be saved when compared with the original HEVC-encoded sequence, without a significant impact on the perceived quality.

scholarly journals Region-of-interest-based rate control scheme for high-efficiency video coding

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Meddeb ◽  
Marco Cagnazzo ◽  
Béatrice Pesquet-Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Bit Allocation ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Rate Control Algorithm

This paper presents a novel rate control scheme designed for the newest high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard, and aimed at enhancing the quality of regions of interest (ROI) for a videoconferencing system. It is designed to consider the different regions at both frame level and coding tree unit (CTU) level. The proposed approach allocates a higher bit rate to the region of interest while keeping the global bit rate close to the assigned target value. The ROIs, typically faces in this application, are automatically detected and each CTU is classified in a region of interest map. This binary map is given as input to the rate control algorithm and the bit allocation is made accordingly. The algorithm is tested, first, using the initial version of the controller introduced in HEVC test model (HM.10), then, extended in HM.13. In this work, we first investigate the impact of differentiated bit allocation between the two regions using a fixed bit rate ratio in intra-coded frames (I-frames) and Bidirectionally predicted frames (B-frames). Then, unit quantization parameters (QPs) are computed independently for CTUs of different regions. The proposed approach has been compared to the reference controller implemented in HM and to a ROI-based rate control algorithm initially proposed for H.264 that we adopted to HEVC and implemented in HM.9. Experimental results show that our scheme has comparable performances with the ROI-based controller proposed for H.264. It achieves accurate target bit rates and provides an improvement in region of interest quality, both in objective metrics (up to 2 dB in PSNR) and based on subjective quality evaluation.

scholarly journals Efficient Bit Rate Transcoding for High Efficiency Video Coding

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luong Pham Van ◽  
Johan De Praeter ◽  
Glenn Van Wallendael ◽  
Sebastiaan Van Leuven ◽  
Jan De Cock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding

scholarly journals HEVC Information Hiding Algorithm Based on Intra Prediction and Matrix Coding

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Information Hiding ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Intra Prediction ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
Prediction Mode ◽  
Objective Quality

Aiming at the problem that the data hiding algorithm of high efficiency video coding (HEVC) has great influence on the video bit rate and visual quality, an information hiding algorithm based on intra prediction mode and matrix coding is proposed. Firstly, 8 prediction modes are selected from 4×4 luminance blocks in I frame to embed the hidden information. Then, the Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm is used to modulate the LSB of the last prediction mode. Finally, the modulated luminance block is re-encoded to embed 4 bits secret information. Experimental results show that the algorithm improves the embedding capacity, guarantees the subjective and objective quality of the video, and the bit rate increases by 1.14% on average.

scholarly journals Experimental Study and High-Efficiency Simulation of In-Plane Behavior of Composite Frame Slab

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Hao Pan ◽  
Mu-Xuan Tao ◽  
Chuan-Hao Zhao ◽  
Ran Ding ◽  
Li-Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Composite Frame ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Load Displacement

Abstract Experimental and numerical studies were conducted to investigate the in-plane behavior of the steel–concrete composite frame slab under cyclic loads. In the experimental study, an in-plane loading test of a typical composite frame slab was designed by constraining its out-of-plane deformations. The test observations, the load–displacement relationship, and the shear and flexural deformation components were discussed to investigate the in-plane load resistant behavior and the failure mechanism of the slab. The experimental results demonstrated an evident shear cracking concentration behavior and a pinching hysteretic curve associated with a typical shear-tension failure mode of the composite frame slab. In the numerical study, a high-efficiency modeling scheme based on the multiple vertical line element model (MVLEM) and the fiber beam–column element was developed for the test specimen. Comparisons with the experimental results showed that the developed model predicted the overall load–displacement relationship, the relationships associated with the shear and flexural deformation components, and the failure mode with a reasonable level of accuracy.

scholarly journals A Novel Rate Control Algorithm Based on ρ Model for Multiview High Efficiency Video Coding

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yan ◽  
In-Ho Ra ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Hang Xu ◽  
Linyun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
Q Model ◽  
Rate Control Algorithm

Most existing rate control algorithms are based on the rate-quantization (R-Q) model. However, with video coding schemes becoming more flexible, it is very difficult to accurately model the R-Q relationship. Therefore, in this study we propose a novel ρ domain rate control algorithm for multiview high efficiency video coding (MV-HEVC). Firstly, in order to further improve the efficiency of MV-HEVC, this paper uses our previous research algorithm to optimize the MV-HEVC prediction structure. Then, we established the ρ domain rate control model based on multi-objective optimization. Finally, it used image similarity to analyze the correlation between viewpoints, using encoded information and frame complexity to proceed in bit allocation and bit rate control of the inter-view, frame lay, and base unit. The experimental simulation results show that the algorithm can simultaneously maintain high coding efficiency, where the average error of the actual bit rate and the target bit rate is only 0.9%.

scholarly journals Quality Scalability Compression on Single-Loop Solution in HEVC

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Zhang ◽  
Hongyun Lu ◽  
Zhi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Scalable Video Coding ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Scalable Video ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
Single Loop ◽  
Rate Decrease ◽  
Significant Rate

This paper proposes a quality scalable extension design for the upcoming high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard. In the proposed design, the single-loop decoder solution is extended into the proposed scalable scenario. A novel interlayer intra/interprediction is added to reduce the amount of bits representation by exploiting the correlation between coding layers. The experimental results indicate that the average Bjøntegaard delta rate decrease of 20.50% can be gained compared with the simulcast encoding. The proposed technique achieved 47.98% Bjøntegaard delta rate reduction compared with the scalable video coding extension of the H.264/AVC. Consequently, significant rate savings confirm that the proposed method achieves better performance.

scholarly journals Interlayer Simplified Depth Coding for Quality Scalability on 3D High Efficiency Video Coding

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Zhang ◽  
Hongyun Lu ◽  
Huihui Bai
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
3D Video ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Prediction Tool ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
Depth Maps ◽  
Depth Coding

A quality scalable extension design is proposed for the upcoming 3D video on the emerging standard for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). A novel interlayer simplified depth coding (SDC) prediction tool is added to reduce the amount of bits for depth maps representation by exploiting the correlation between coding layers. To further improve the coding performance, the coded prediction quadtree and texture data from corresponding SDC-coded blocks in the base layer can be used in interlayer simplified depth coding. In the proposed design, the multiloop decoder solution is also extended into the proposed scalable scenario for texture views and depth maps, and will be achieved by the interlayer texture prediction method. The experimental results indicate that the average Bjøntegaard Delta bitrate decrease of 54.4% can be gained in interlayer simplified depth coding prediction tool on multiloop decoder solution compared with simulcast. Consequently, significant rate savings confirm that the proposed method achieves better performance.

scholarly journals HEVC Information-Hiding Algorithm Based on Intra-Prediction and Matrix Coding

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Dawen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Information Hiding ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Intra Prediction ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
Prediction Mode ◽  
Objective Quality

Aiming at the problem that the data hiding algorithm of high efficiency video coding (HEVC) has great influence on the video bit rate and visual quality, an information hiding algorithm based on intra prediction mode and matrix coding is proposed. Firstly, 8 prediction modes are selected from 4×4 luminance blocks in I frame to embed the hidden information. Then, the Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm is used to modulate the LSB of the last prediction mode. Finally, the modulated luminance block is re-encoded to embed 4 bits secret information. Experimental results show that the algorithm improves the embedding capacity, guarantees the subjective and objective quality of the video, and the bit rate increases by 1.14% on average.

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