scholarly journals Digital health in the age of The Infinite Network

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Balram ◽  
Ivana Tošić ◽  
Harsha Binnamangalam
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Continuous Approach ◽  
Infinite Network ◽  
Remote Care ◽  
The Impact

The exponential growth in digital technology is leading us to a future in which all things and all people are connected all the time, something we refer to as The Infinite Network (TIN), which will cause profound changes in every industry. Here, we focus on the impact it will have in healthcare. TIN will change the essence of healthcare to a data-driven continuous approach as opposed to the event-driven discrete approach used today. At a micro or individual level, smart sensing will play a key role, in the form of embedded sensors, wearable sensors, and sensing from smart medical devices. At a macro or aggregate level, healthcare will be provided by Intelligent Telehealth Networks that evolve from the telehealth networks that are available today. Traditional telemedicine has delivered remote care to patients in the area where doctors are not readily available, but has not achieved at large scale. New advanced networks will deliver care at a much larger scale. The long-term future requires intelligent hybrid networks that combine artificial intelligence with human intelligence to provide continuity of care at higher quality and lower cost than is possible today.

The Effect of Private Customer-Manager Social Engagement Upon Online Booking Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 193896552097533
Author(s):  
Saram Han ◽  
Christopher K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Travel Agency ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Customer Manager ◽  
The Impact

Owing to the impact of third-party commissions upon hotel profitability, many hotel brands have actively engaged in book direct campaigns, but to date, no large-scale longitudinal effort has been conducted to systematically evaluate direct booking behavior (i.e., direct versus online travel agency [OTA]). In this study, we use three years of transactional data from a large hotel brand to evaluate booking channel choices. To address the dynamic nature of the longitudinal individual-level data, we use a hidden Markov model (HMM), allowing us to evaluate both short- and long-term effects. Using the HMM, we evaluate the latent loyalty status of customers through their observed online booking channel behavior (i.e., direct versus OTA). As a result, we find that customer–manager engagement through guest satisfaction surveys (and managerial responses to those surveys) has a long-term effect on consumer propensities to book direct, gradually increasing customer loyalty to the brand. Specifically, we find that positive customer feedback signals a greater willingness to book direct in subsequent purchases. Moreover, managerial responses to the satisfied customer result in greater tendency to remain loyal and book direct. Second, the membership program tier of the customer has a significant short-term effect on the consumer’s propensity to book direct. Low-loyalty customers’ direct booking tendency increases as soon as they join the membership program. These findings not only illustrate the impact of membership status upon channel choice but also indicate the effect of the customer’s voice and the resulting managerial response upon booking behaviors over time.

A Perspective On The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Basic Science Research and its Future implications

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yam Nath Paudel ◽  
Efthalia Angelopoulou ◽  
Bhupendra Raj Giri ◽  
Christina Piperi ◽  
Iekhsan Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Science ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Basic Science Research ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

: COVID-19 has emerged as a devastating pandemic of the century that the current generations have ever experienced. The COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than 12 million people around the globe and 0.5 million people have succumbed to death. Due to the lack of effective vaccines against the COVID-19, several nations throughout the globe has imposed a lock-down as a preventive measure to lower the spread of COVID-19 infection. As a result of lock-down most of the universities and research institutes has witnessed a long pause in basic science research ever. Much has been talked about the long-term impact of COVID-19 in economy, tourism, public health, small and large-scale business of several kind. However, the long-term implication of these research lab shutdown and its impact in the basic science research has not been much focused. Herein, we provide a perspective that portrays a common problem of all the basic science researchers throughout the globe and its long-term consequences.

scholarly journals Anti-meningococcal B vaccination in Italian adolescents: a cost-effective health opportunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Panatto ◽  
P Landa ◽  
D Amicizia ◽  
P L Lai ◽  
E Lecini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dose Schedule ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
International Setting ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Invasive disease due to Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) is a serious public health problem even in developed countries, owing to its high lethality rate (8-15%) and the invalidating sequelae suffered by many (up to 60%) survivors. As the microorganism is transmitted via the airborne route, the only available weapon in the fight against Nm invasive disease is vaccination. Our aim was to carry out an HTA to evaluate the costs and benefits of anti-meningococcal B (MenB) vaccination with Trumenba® in adolescents in Italy, while also considering the impact of this new vaccination strategy on organizational and ethics aspects. Methods A lifetime Markov model was developed. MenB vaccination with the two-dose schedule of Trumenba® in adolescents was compared with 'non-vaccination'. Two perspectives were considered: the National Health Service (NHS) and society. Three disease phases were defined: acute, post-acute and long-term. Epidemiological, economic and health utilities data were taken from Italian and international literature. The analysis was conducted by means of Microsoft Excel 2010®. Results Our study indicated that vaccinating adolescents (11th year of life) with Trumenba® was cost-effective with an ICER = € 7,912/QALY from the NHS perspective and € 7,758/QALY from the perspective of society. Vaccinating adolescents reduces the number of cases of disease due to meningococcus B in one of the periods of highest incidence of the disease, resulting in significant economic and health savings. Conclusions This is the first study to evaluate the overall impact of free MenB vaccination in adolescents both in Italy and in the international setting. Although cases of invasive disease due to meningococcus B are few, if the overall impact of the disease is adequately considered, it becomes clear that including anti-meningococcal B vaccination into the immunization program for adolescents is strongly recommended from the health and economic standpoints. Key messages Free, large-scale MenB vaccination is key to strengthening the global fight against invasive meningococcal disease. Anti-meningococcal B vaccination in adolescents is a cost-effective health opportunity.

scholarly journals Episodic curiosity for avoiding asteroids: Per-trial information gain for choice outcomes drive information seeking

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linus Holm ◽  
Gustaf Wadenholt ◽  
Paul Schrater
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Information Gain ◽  
Tight Coupling ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Trial Outcome ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Uncertain Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Humans often appear to desire information for its own sake, but it is presently unclear what drives this desire. The important role that resolving uncertainty plays in stimulating information seeking has suggested a tight coupling between the intrinsic motivation to gather information and performance gains, and has been construed as a drive for long-term learning. Using a simple asteroid-avoidance game that allows us to study learning and information seeking at an experimental time-scale, we show that we can separate the incentive for information-seeking from a long-term learning outcome, and show that information-seeking is best predicted by per-trial outcome uncertainty. Specifically, our 43 participants were more willing to take time penalties for feedback on trials with uncertain outcomes. We found strong group (R2 = .97) and individual level (mean R2 = .44) support for a linear relationship between feedback request rate and information gain as determined by per-trial outcome uncertainty. This information better reflects filling in the gaps of the episodic record of choice outcomes than long-term skill acquisition or assessment. Our results suggest that this easy to compute quantity can drive information-seeking, potentially allowing simple organisms to intelligently gather information without having to anticipate the impact on future performance.

scholarly journals Co-creating a large-scale adolescent health survey integrated with access to digital health interventions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshini Peiris-John ◽  
Lovely Dizon ◽  
Kylie Sutcliffe ◽  
Kristy Kang ◽  
Theresa Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The Impact

Aim This paper describes how we engaged with adolescents and health providers to integrate access to digital health interventions as part of a large-scale secondary school health and wellbeing survey in New Zealand. Methods We conducted nine participatory, iterative co-design sessions involving 29 adolescents, and two workshops with young people (n = 11), digital and health service providers (n = 11) and researchers (n = 9) to gain insights into end-user perspectives on the concept and how best to integrate digital interventions in to the survey. Results Students’ perceived integrating access to digital health interventions into a large-scale youth health survey as acceptable and highly beneficial. They did not want personalized/normative feedback, but thought that every student should be offered all the help options. Participants identified key principles: assurance of confidentiality, usability, participant choice and control, and language. They highlighted wording as important for ease and comfort, and emphasised the importance of user control. Participants expressed that it would be useful and acceptable for survey respondents to receive information about digital help options addressing a range of health and wellbeing topics. Conclusion The methodology of adolescent-practitioner-researcher collaboration and partnership was central to this research and provided useful insights for the development and delivery of adolescent health surveys integrated with digital help options. The results from the ongoing study will provide useful data on the impact of digital health interventions integrated in large-scale surveys, as a novel methodology. Future research on engaging with adolescents once interventions are delivered will be useful to explore benefits over time.

Numerical Modelling of a District Scale Groundwater Heat Pump Operation: Case Study from Colchester, UK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha Sezer ◽  
Abubakar Kawuwa Sani ◽  
Rao Martand Singh ◽  
David P. Boon
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
District Level ◽  
Thermal Plume ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Groundwater Heat Pump ◽  
The Impact

<p>Groundwater heat pumps (GWHP) are an environmentally friendly and highly efficient low carbon heating technology that can benefit from low-temperature groundwater sources lying in the shallow depths to provide heating and cooling to buildings. However, the utilisation of groundwater for heating and cooling, especially in large scale (district level), can create a thermal plume around injection wells. If a plume reaches the production well this may result in a decrease in the system performance or even failure in the long-term operation. This research aims to investigate the impact of GWHP usage in district-level heating by using a numerical approach and considering a GWHP system being constructed in Colchester, UK as a case study, which will be the largest GWHP system in the UK. Transient 3D simulations have been performed pre-construction to investigate the long-term effect of injecting water at 5°C, into a chalk bedrock aquifer. Modelling suggests a thermal plume develops but does not reach the production wells after 10 years of operation. The model result can be attributed to the low hydraulic gradient, assumed lack of interconnecting fractures, and large (>500m) spacing between the production and injection wells. Model validation may be possible after a period operational monitoring.</p>

scholarly journals EXPLORING THE POWER OF COMBINATORIAL HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES TO SUPPORT SELF-MANAGEMENT OF COPD AMONG OLDER PEOPLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S443-S443
Author(s):  
Sandra Varey ◽  
Mandy Dixon ◽  
Alejandra Hernandez ◽  
Ceu Mateus ◽  
Tom Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Ways to address the increasing healthcare needs of older people are a priority for the National Health Service (NHS) in England. The NHS England Test Bed programme was designed to trial new models of care that are supported by digital health technologies. This paper reports on findings from one Test Bed programme, the Lancashire and Cumbria Innovation Alliance (LCIA) – a partnership between NHS England, industry and Lancaster University, which ran from 2016 to 2018. A key aim of the LCIA Test Bed was to explore the extent to which supported self-care telehealth technology helped older people with long-term conditions to better self-manage their own care, promoting independence and enabling them to remain at home for longer. Each patient received a combination of health technologies over a six-month period. This paper presents results from the qualitative data that formed part of a large-scale mixed-methods evaluation. Specifically it draws on the analysis of 34 observational interviews with 17 participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to understand the role of these technologies in the self-management of their care. The data revealed that the majority of participants felt more confident about self-managing COPD as a result of their participation in the programme. These increases in confidence were the result of participants’ increased knowledge and skills in managing their COPD. The paper demonstrates how patients learned to better manage their respiratory condition, the impact of this learning on their daily lives and that of their family carers, and the implications for healthcare practice.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Creep Model of Deep Gangue Backfilling Material and Time-Dependent Characteristics of Roof Deformation in Backfilling Mining

Geofluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Peng Huang ◽  
Jixiong Zhang ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Ntigurirwa Jean Damascene ◽  
Yuming Guo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
Creep Model ◽  
Mine Pressure ◽  
Nonlinear Creep ◽  
Viscoelastic Foundation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Roof Deformation

With the gradual increase in mining depth of coal resource exploitation, deep backfilling mining has effectively solved the impact of strong deep mine pressure and strong mining disturbances. However, after deep backfilling mining, the backfilling material is subjected to high stress for a long time, and its viscoelasticity has a significant impact on the roof control effect. This paper uses a large-scale bulk confinement test device to analyze the viscoelastic properties of gangue, establishes a high-precision fractional viscoelastic creep model, and identifies the gangue parameters. The established fractional viscoelastic model was used as the foundation model of the beam, and the roof model based on the fractional viscoelastic foundation was solved. The top deformation characteristics of elastic foundation and fractional foundation were compared and analyzed, and the time effect, viscoelastic effect, and order effect of the fractional order viscoelastic foundation beam were discussed. The results show that the viscosity of gangue increased under the action of deep high stress. As time increased, the roof deformation also increased. In order to more effectively control the long-term deformation of the roof, the viscosity coefficient of the backfilling material should be greater than 20 MPa. This research provides relevant guidance for the requirements of backfilling materials for deep backfilling mining and the prediction of long-term dynamic deformation of the roof in underground excavations.

Replicative Senescence-Associated Gene Expression Changes In Human MSPCs Independent of Genomic Variations

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 4775-4775
Author(s):  
Katharina Schallmoser ◽  
Christina Bartmann ◽  
Eva Rohde ◽  
Simone Bork ◽  
Christian Guelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Replicative Senescence ◽  
Genomic Stability ◽  
The State ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Abstract 4775 Background: Based on promising experimental studies with mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MSPCs) multiple clinical trials have been initiated. In previous studies we have observed genomic stability of MSPCs after efficient short-term expansion in a humanized GMP compliant system with pooled human platelet lysate (pHPL) replacing fetal bovine serum (FBS) as the cell culture supplement (Schallmoser K. and Strunk D., Journal of Visualized Experiments (32) DOI: 10.3791/1523, 2009). Notably, depending on culture protocols, an extensive propagation with highly variable cell culture duration may be necessary to yield enough MSPCs for therapy. The decline in proliferation rates of MSPCs in the course of the different long-term expansion procedures may indicate a propensity for replicative senescence which may hamper long term functionality in vivo. We have therefore initiated a molecular profiling of senescence-associated regulated genes to determine the state of senescence before MSPC transplantation. Methods: Human bone marrow-derived MSPCs were cultured following a highly efficient two-passage protocol (primary culture of unseparated bone marrow and subsequent large scale expansion; Schallmoser K. et al., Tissue Engineering 14:185-196, 2008) compared to conventional serial passaging in three different growth conditions with regularly more then four passages to obtain comparable final cell numbers. Culture media were either supplemented with FBS in different concentrations or pHPL. Gene expression changes were tested by microarray analysis and selected targets were reanalyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The genomic stability of MSPCs after long-term culture was determined by array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Results: Despite high proliferation rate large scale expanded MSPCs showed genomic stability in array CGH. Long-term MSPC growth induced similar gene expression changes in MSPCs irrespective of isolation and expansion conditions. In particular, genes involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis and cell death were up-regulated, whereas genes involved in mitosis and proliferation were down-regulated. Furthermore, overlapping senescence-associated gene expression changes were found in all MSPC preparations. The genomic copy number variations detected in MSPCs of early and late passages in all culture conditions did not coincide with differentially expressed genes. Conclusion: Our data indicate that MSPC expansion can induce gene expression changes independent of isolation and FBS-supplemented as well as FBS-free expansion conditions. A panel of genes will be presented that might offer a practicable approach to assess MSPC quality with regard to the state of replicative senescence in advance of therapeutic application. Determining the impact of senescence acquired during cell expansion on the therapeutic potential of MSCPs for both immune modulation and organ regeneration may help to develop more efficient treatment strategies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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