Thermal characterisation analysis and modelling techniques for CubeSat-sized spacecrafts

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (1246) ◽  
pp. 1858-1878
Author(s):  
Anwar Ali ◽  
Khalil Ullah ◽  
Hafeez Ur Rehman ◽  
Inam Bari ◽  
Leonardo M. Reyneri
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Short Development Time ◽  
Similar Materials ◽  
Absorbed Power ◽  
Medium Enterprises

ABSTRACTRecently, universities and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have initiated the development of nanosatellites because of their low cost, small size and short development time. The challenging aspects for these satellites are their small surface area for heat dissipation due to their limited size. There is not enough space for mounting radiators for heat dissipation. As a result, thermal modelling becomes a very important element in designing a small satellite. The paper presents detailed and simplified generic thermal models for CubeSat panels and also for the complete satellite. The detailed model takes all thermal resistances associated with the respective layers into account, while in the simplified model, the layers with similar materials have been combined and are represented by a single thermal resistance. The proposed models are then applied to a CubeSat standard nanosatellite called AraMiS-C1, developed at Politecnico di Torino, Italy. Thermal resistance measured through both models is compared, and the results are similar. The absorbed power and the corresponding temperature differences between different points of the single panel and complete satellite are measured. In order to verify the theoretical results, thermal resistance of the AraMiS-C1 and its panels are measured through experimental set-ups. Theoretical and measured values are in close agreement.

BIG TECH BANKING

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel de la Mano ◽  
Jorge Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Retail Banking ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
New Industry

Abstract In this paper we explore the likely implications of the entry of Big Tech platforms into retail banking and the appropriate response of regulators and policy makers to this new industry development. We find that the entry of Big Tech platforms may transform the banking industry in radical ways: although it may possibly increase competition to the benefit of consumers in the short term, within a few years Big Tech companies may succeed in monopolizing the origination and distribution of loans to consumers and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), forcing traditional banks to become “low cost manufacturers,” which merely fund the loans intermediated by the Big Techs. This situation may harm competition, reduce consumer welfare, and bring about an increase in financial instability in the medium or long term. We analyze alternative policy responses aimed at maximizing the positive impact on consumer welfare of Big Tech entry while limiting the risk of monopolization as well as the potential adverse implications of such entry on market integrity and financial stability.

MEMS Based Metal Plated Silicon Package for High Power LED

2006 ◽  
Vol 326-328 ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Jun Lee ◽  
Ji Hyun Park ◽  
Chang Hyun Lim ◽  
Won Kyu Jeong ◽  
Seog Moon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
High Power ◽  
Power Dissipation ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
High Power Led ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Mems Technology

By the development of high power LED for solid states lighting, the requirement for driving current has increased critically, thereby increasing power dissipation. Heat flux corresponds to power dissipation is mainly generated in p-n junction of LED, so the effective removal of heat is the key factor for long lifetime of LED chip. In this study, we newly proposed the silicon package for high power LED using MEMS technology and estimated its heat dissipation characteristic. Our silicon package structure is composed of base and reflector cup. The role of base is that settle LED chip at desired position and supply electrical interconnection for LED operation, and finally transfer the heat from junction region to outside. For improved heat transfer, we introduced the heat conductive metal plated trench structure at the opposite side of LED attached side. The depth and the diameter of trench were 150 and 100um, respectively. Copper with high thermal conductivity than silicon was filled in trench by electroplating and the thickness of copper was about 100um. Reflector cup was formed by anisotropic wet etching and then, silicon package platform could be fabricated by eutectic bonding between base and reflector cup. The thermal resistance of silicon package was about 6 to 7K/W from junction to case, and also, thermal resistance reduction of 0.64K/W was done by metal plated trench. This result could be comparable to that of other high power LED package. Our silicon package platform is easy to be expanded into array and wafer level package. So, it is suitable for future high efficiency and low cost package.

scholarly journals Contribution of Small and Medium Enterprises Run by Women in Generating Employment Opportunity in Rwanda

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Bayisenge ◽  
Hu Shengede ◽  
Yves Harimana ◽  
Jean Bosco Karega ◽  
Margret Lukileni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

Small and Medium Enterprises are the key to the national economic development as a way to improve its population livelihood. The main reason for this sector is a potential employment with the low cost of the capital. The contribution of small and medium enterprises run by women in society was recognized to the employment generation, gender equality and economic development. A personnel initiative, vision, and innovation to grow their businesses are well needed. In this research 15 districts out of 30 were selected to get all needed data, and thirteen (13) women were communicated in each selected district (15) as a sum of a hundred and ninety-five (195) correspondents. The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to analyze data, and questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. Our results have been proved that small and medium enterprises run by women and sustainability of Rwandan economic development were closely related as the SMEs run by women increase and employment opportunities also increase. It was noted that women owned SMEs is a central driving effort behind gender equality, poverty reduction, and job creation. Therefore, it is recommended that the government might set the policy to encourage women in doing business whereby women in different regions of Rwanda should be given enough attention in economy activities through both small and medium enterprises, and entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Strategies for the Controlled Integration of Food SMEs’ Highly Polluted Effluents into Urban Sanitation Systems

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Gutierrez ◽  
Susana Etxebarria ◽  
Marta Revilla ◽  
Saioa Ramos ◽  
Alberto Ciriza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Canned Tuna ◽  
Urban Sanitation ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The artisan production of canned tuna is characterized by generating effluents with high organic and saline loads, which complicates their suitable treatment. The main objective of the LIFE VERTALIM project is to demonstrate the efficiency of a holistic solution (including technical, legislative, social, and environmental aspects) for the controlled integration of food industry wastewater from small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the urban sanitation system with the compliance of all stakeholders. This work shows the viability of the implementation of low-cost innovative solutions, through the clean and eco-efficient production and wastewater pretreatment for fish canneries. This solution allows on average a reduction of 30% of the wastewater discharges to the environment and a reduction of food losses of up to 0.1%. Moreover, there is a reduction of between 40% and 90% related to high organic load. These results allow the canneries to dispose their pretreated effluents to the urban sanitation system, avoiding the high costs of an industrial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to discharge to the river. A better physical-chemical quality in the river waters as a well as the marine water surrounding the urban WWTP have been achieved.

scholarly journals Sistem Informasi Layanan Kredit UKM Berbasis SMS Gateway

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Rina Firliana ◽  
Dwi Harini ◽  
Anas Rahmat A
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Short Message Service ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Project Design ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Message Service ◽  
Medium Enterprises

  Importance of credit information Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) for society, especially in those who need to develop the business unit in the future, which in the present situation that is difficult to build a business. To obtain credit information most people still have access to resources directly to the sources that provide such information. If the information sought is not found then look for other sources. In search of the required information was not little.Service information system with SMS (Short Message Service) on mobile phone s offer convenience and low cost can reduce the above problems. This service is suitable to be applied in seeking information about credit small and medium enterprises. Despite the above, the study made a Credit Information System Based SMS Gateway Service to provide or provide information about credit Credit Medium Enterprises. So it can be used as one of the alternative ways to obtain information about business credit easily and quickly. The result of this final project design is an SMS Gateway server that works without operator, able to provide information and seek information to the banks in accordance with the information requested by the customer and then sends the information to customers who request such information.

Connecting Small and Medium Enterprises to the New Consumer

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthymios Constantinides
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
Internet Applications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Develop Market ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
New Consumer

This chapter explains the nature, effects and current standing of the new generation of Internet applications, commonly known as Social Media or Web 2.0, reviews their role as marketing instruments and identifies opportunities for SMEs for engaging them as part of their marketing strategy. The chapter defines and analyses the Social Media phenomenon, identifying the main approaches corporations follow in engaging Web 2.0-based applications in order to that support, complement or improve their traditional and online marketing activities. These approaches aim at using the social Internet as source of market intelligence, communicating with customers, efficiently develop-, market- and distribute products and also improve customer relations and retention. The chapter proposes a classification of the main Social Media -based applications and their roles as passive or active marketing instruments. Based on the experience of pioneering firms the chapter identifies the main conditions and options for SMEs willing to utilize the Web 2.0 as commercial tool in order to advance their marketing operations and connect to the new consumer in the virtual and physical marketplace. While field experience so far indicates that large corporations rather than SMEs are more likely to engage in Social Media marketing the low cost, potential and apparent popularity of Social Media among customers make the domain extremely attractive for SMEs.

Connecting Small and Medium Enterprises to the New Consumer

E-Marketing ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 439-459
Author(s):  
Efthymios Constantinides
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
Internet Applications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Develop Market ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
New Consumer

This chapter explains the nature, effects and current standing of the new generation of Internet applications, commonly known as Social Media or Web 2.0, reviews their role as marketing instruments and identifies opportunities for SMEs for engaging them as part of their marketing strategy. The chapter defines and analyses the Social Media phenomenon, identifying the main approaches corporations follow in engaging Web 2.0-based applications in order to that support, complement or improve their traditional and online marketing activities. These approaches aim at using the social Internet as source of market intelligence, communicating with customers, efficiently develop-, market- and distribute products and also improve customer relations and retention. The chapter proposes a classification of the main Social Media -based applications and their roles as passive or active marketing instruments. Based on the experience of pioneering firms the chapter identifies the main conditions and options for SMEs willing to utilize the Web 2.0 as commercial tool in order to advance their marketing operations and connect to the new consumer in the virtual and physical marketplace. While field experience so far indicates that large corporations rather than SMEs are more likely to engage in Social Media marketing the low cost, potential and apparent popularity of Social Media among customers make the domain extremely attractive for SMEs.

scholarly journals Construction and Application of the Online Finance Credit Risk Rating Model Based on the Artificial Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yufeng Mao ◽  
Zongrun Wang ◽  
Xing Li ◽  
Chenggang Li ◽  
Hanning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Credit Risk Management ◽  
Risk Rating ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Rating Model

The low-cost, highly efficient online finance credit provides underfunded individuals and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) with an indispensable credit channel. Most of the previous studies focus on the client crediting and screening of online finance. Few have studied the risk rating under a complete credit risk management system. This paper introduces the improved neural network technology to the credit risk rating of online finance. Firstly, the study period was divided into the early phase and late phase after the launch of an online finance credit product. In the early phase, there are few manually labeled samples and many unlabeled samples. Therefore, a cold start method was designed for the credit risk rating of online finance, and the similarity and abnormality of credit default were calculated. In the late phase, there are few unlabeled samples. Hence, the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) was improved for online finance credit risk rating. Our strategy was proved valid through experiments.

Design and Development of Small-Scale Oil Palm Waste Shredder for Achieving Environmental Sustainability

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-146
Author(s):  
Man Djun Lee ◽  
Pui San Lee
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Palm Waste ◽  
Oil Palm Waste

This chapter presents the design and development of an economically and technically feasible small-scale oil palm waste shredder to contribuite to oil palm waste management. Most available oil palm waste shredders are unaffordable due to high initial investment cost, large, heavy and unportable, which have been the drawbacks for small and medium enterprises to participate in the industry that relates with oil palm waste management. To address this issue, a low-cost and small-scale oil palm waste shredder were designed and produced. The central design concept deduced is to compromise acceptable efficiency with an affordable price by integrating all mandatory components of oil palm waste shredder into a comparatively small and portable support structure. The innovations made in the design are size reduction and adoption of double-shafts cutters with seven jaws technology. Preliminary calculations supported the design. The cutting force produced is up to 19.45kN with safety factor of 4.5. This design can handle other oil palm wastes as oil palm frond is harder than other oil palm wastes.

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