Conceptual Diversity, Feminist Historical Ontology and a Critical Reflexive Politics of Location

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-184
Keyword(s):  
Historical Ontology ◽  
Politics Of Location

Metaphysics and Realism

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-224
Author(s):  
Vitaly G. Kosykhin ◽  
Svetlana M. Malkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Transcendental Subjectivity ◽  
Historical Ontology ◽  
Ontological Turn ◽  
Static Nature

The article deals with the problem of the return of metaphysics within the framework of the ontological turn of philosophy and the situation of post-metaphysical thinking. The conditions for the possibility of modern metaphysical discourse in the projects of empirical metaphysics and historical ontology are revealed. Historical ontology as a meta-reflexion of philosophy over its own historical foundations is able to bridge the gap between the epistemological static nature of transcendental subjectivity and the ontological dynamism of the growth of scientific knowledge about reality by comprehending the conditions of interaction between science and metaphysics in conditions of post-metaphysical thinking and realistic reversal of ontology. Philosophical knowledge in the context of the ontological turn and the associated return of metaphysics becomes focused not so much on the sharp demarcation of science and metaphysics and postulating the incommensurability of their ontologies, but on identifying mutually enriching areas of research that could give a new impetus to their development.

Music, Ontology and the Need for History: A Critical Discussion

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-62
Author(s):  
Lisa Giombini
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Philosophical Literature ◽  
Historical Ontology ◽  
Ontological Approach ◽  
Musical Concepts ◽  
Musical Works ◽  
Historical Awareness ◽  
Musical Ontology

Abstract Although an ontological approach to musical works has dominated analytic aesthetics for almost fifty years, criticisms have recently started to spread in the philosophical literature. Contestants blame mainstream musical ontology for lacking historical awareness, questioning the cogency of metaphysical proposals that are substantially essentialist with regard to our musical concepts. My aim in this paper is to address this accusation by engaging the historicist critics in a sustained debate. I argue that even if the arguments based on history and sociology turn out to be accurate, this may not be enough of a reason to abandon the ontological project altogether. Ontology and history do not necessarily clash. Moreover, historical-sociological examinations do not fulfil our philosophical interest in music. I conclude by making a plea to “historical ontology,” a perspective that does not reject ontology but closely connects it to the dialectic between historical research and aesthetic interest.

From negation to negationism: the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Beer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Historical Ontology ◽  
Psychoanalytic Understanding ◽  
Identification Processes ◽  
Shed Light

Even beyond the dramatic social and health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, one can affirm that the manner in which the pandemic was and is being handled in Brazil involves more than mere questions of public health. This article focuses on the negationist discourse that emerged in Brazil, and proposes that its roots are to be found in a previous process of dismantling established knowledge and identifications. This process is observed in the government’s handling of the pandemic. To support this idea, we refer to two main clinical and theoretical frameworks, the first of which involves a psychoanalytic understanding of the place of truth in discursivity and in identification processes; this will be employed to shed light on a particular functioning of negationist discourses. Second, the idea of historical ontology is introduced from the philosophy of science to gain a further understanding of the effects of this process on identification.

The return of metaphysics as a subject matter of historical ontology: analytical review (ending)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-197
Author(s):  
Olga Stoliarova
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Transcendental Argument ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Historical Ontology ◽  
New Realism ◽  
Role Meaning ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Cognitive Experience ◽  
Scientific Ontology

The second part of the article continues the analytical and historiographical overview of the problems that are substantively related to the question of the role, meaning and historical fate of metaphysics. The author focuses on the phenomenon of the return of metaphysics to the philosophy of our time. The author traces the gradual rehabilitation of metaphysical problems in post-positivist studies of sci-ence. An attempt is made to differentiate these studies from the viewpoint of the opposition between internalism and externalism. The author shows the limits of this differentia-tion and highlights the mixed type of re-search, which focuses on the interaction of “external” and “internal” determinants of knowledge. It is shown that the postpositivist idea of the background knowledge extends not only to scientific (empirical) knowledge, but also to its philosophical (theoretical) justification, which is recognized by many re-searchers as historically and culturally conditioned. This opens up the possibility of a historical critique of the ontological presuppositions of the epistemological (transcendental) justification of science. Such presuppositions are considered in relation to the dis-course of negative ontology, which prohibits the cognitive experience of transcendent be-ing. The author shows that the criticism of these assumptions is carried out in the form of a regressive transcendental argument, which, comparing them with a new, philo-sophically revised scientific ontology, reveals their historically limited character. Thus, the regressive transcendental argument allows us to go beyond the negative ontology of the transcendental justification of science. This leads to the replacement of historical epistemology, whose subject matter is limited to knowledge and its historically mobile structures, with historical ontology, which returns to the description and explanation of reality. The author considers the concepts of new re-alism in the context of historical ontology and traces the connection of the new realism with the post-metaphysical and metametaphysical discourses.

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