Late embryos and bony skull development in Bothropoides jararaca (Serpentes, Viperidae)

Zoology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja M. Polachowski ◽  
Ingmar Werneburg
Keyword(s):  
Skull Development

Skull Development and Abnormalities

Neuroimaging ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 457-489
Author(s):  
Robert A. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Skull Development

scholarly journals Focal Palatitis (Previously Focal Palatine Erosions) in Captive Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Steenkamp ◽  
Sonja C. Boy ◽  
Paul J. van Staden ◽  
Marthán N. Bester
Keyword(s):  
Molar Tooth ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Foreign Material ◽  
Acinonyx Jubatus ◽  
Inflammatory Lesions ◽  
Skull Development ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
A Prospective Study

Focal palatine erosion (FPE) is a misleading term that is used in the literature to describe inflammatory lesions associated with depressions of the palatal mucosa in cheetah. Cheetahs have large cheek teeth and these depressions are formed to accommodate them. Previously FPE was only described as a mandibular molar tooth malocclusion on the hard palate due to suspected rotation and super eruption of the mandibular molar teeth of cheetahs aged 18 months and older. Two hundred and fifty six cheetahs (135 male, 121 female), originating from two independent facilities, had their oral cavities evaluated as part of an annual health visit over a decade. Ninety-nine cheetahs were seen once, 59 cheetahs were seen twice, 33 were seen three times, 43 on four occasions, 16 on five occasions, 5 on six occasions, and 1 cheetah was seen seven times. Apart from these clinical cases a prospective study on 5 cheetah cubs (3 male and 2 female) was conducted to document their skull development and mandibular molar tooth eruption over a period of 25 months. Of the 261 cheetahs observed none developed rotation or super eruption of their mandibular molar teeth. The term FPE is a misnomer as these inflammatory lesions were found in palatal depressions opposing any of the cusps of all of the cheetah mandibular cheek teeth. It consisted mainly of deep ulcerations, inflammation and oedema and also micro abscess formation. In severe cases oro-nasal fistulas were present. Of all the depressions present on the cheetah's palate, the large one palatal to the 4th maxillary premolar tooth was most commonly affected. In the five cubs evaluated prospectively, focal palatitis was evident from the 7 month evaluation, before all the permanent teeth erupted. Conservative treatment of the inflamed depressions by removing the foreign material through curettage and copious flushing reduced the grade of the inflammation when observed on follow-up. Focal palatine erosion is an incorrect term used to describe focal palatitis that occurs randomly in cheetahs. This focal palatitis is often associated with foreign material trapped in the palatal depressions. Conservative management is sufficient to treat these animals without odontoplasties.

Modeling of Neonatal Skull Development Using Computed Tomography Images

IRBM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mohtasebi ◽  
M. Bayat ◽  
S. Ghadimi ◽  
H. Abrishami Moghaddam ◽  
F. Wallois
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Skull Development ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

scholarly journals Post-weaning maternal effects and the evolution of female dominance in the spotted hyena

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1665) ◽  
pp. 2291-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather E. Watts ◽  
Jaime B. Tanner ◽  
Barbara L. Lundrigan ◽  
Kay E. Holekamp
Keyword(s):  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Spotted Hyena ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Feeding Apparatus ◽  
Skull Development ◽  
Spotted Hyenas ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Maternal Presence ◽  
New Hypothesis

Mammalian societies in which females dominate males are rare, and the factors favouring the evolution of female dominance have yet to be clearly identified. We propose a new hypothesis for the evolution of female dominance and test its predictions with empirical data from the spotted hyena ( Crocuta crocuta ), a well-studied species characterized by female dominance. We suggest that constraints imposed by the development of a feeding apparatus specialized for bone cracking, in combination with the intensive feeding competition characteristic of spotted hyenas, led to the evolution of female dominance. Specifically, we propose that protracted development of the feeding apparatus in young hyenas led to selection for increased aggressiveness in females as a compensatory mechanism for mothers to secure food access for their young after weaning. Our analyses yielded results consistent with this hypothesis. Morphological and behavioural measurements indicate that skull development is indeed protracted in this species; spotted hyenas do not achieve adult skull size or feeding performance capabilities until after sexual maturity. The period between weaning and completed skull development is particularly challenging, as indicated by high mortality. Finally, maternal presence between weaning and full skull maturity, as well as the relative ability of females to aggressively displace conspecifics from food, are important determinants of offspring survival.

Bony skull development in the Argus monitor (Squamata, Varanidae, Varanus panoptes) with comments on developmental timing and adult anatomy

Zoology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingmar Werneburg ◽  
Katja M. Polachowski ◽  
Mark N. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Timing ◽  
Skull Development

Heterochronies in skull development of Lake Tana large African barbs (Labeobarbus; Cyprinidae; Teleostei)

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Smirnov ◽  
V. B. Borisov ◽  
D. V. Kapitanova ◽  
B. Abdissa ◽  
F. N. Shkil
Keyword(s):  
Lake Tana ◽  
Skull Development
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