Institutional factors, religiosity, and entrepreneurial activity: A quantitative examination across 85 countries

2022 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 105695
Author(s):  
Chao Miao ◽  
Johanna Gast ◽  
Rahma Laouiti ◽  
Walid Nakara
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Quantitative Examination

Framework for School Stage Entrepreneurship Education in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 251512741989948
Author(s):  
Olayode W. Agboola
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Formal Integration ◽  
Using Data

This article investigates the influence of entrepreneurship education at the school stage, over and above personal, social, and institutional factors, on entrepreneurship with a view to providing a framework for school stage entrepreneurship education in Nigeria. Findings based on cross tabulations as well as hierarchical regression analyses using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor indicate that entrepreneurship education at school stage makes significant contribution to the variation in entrepreneurship over and above personal, social, and institutional factors in Nigeria, as opposed to formal education and entrepreneurial education at postschool stage. Furthermore, personal and institutional factors are found to contribute incrementally to entrepreneurial intention, while personal and social factors contribute incrementally to entrepreneurial activity in Nigeria. The study recommends and provides a framework for the formal integration of entrepreneurship education into teaching curricula at the school stage to promote latent entrepreneurship and thereby serve as a pedestal for entrepreneurship education at postschool stage in Nigeria.

Exploring the normative context for women’s entrepreneurship in Pakistan: a critical analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azam Roomi ◽  
Sumaira Rehman ◽  
Colette Henry
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Career Choices ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Women’S Entrepreneurship ◽  
Women's Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The role of women in Pakistani society – largely embedded in its patriarchal socio–cultural environment – has important implications for women’s entrepreneurial activity in the country. This study aims to investigate and analyse the influence of informal institutional factors on women’s entry into entrepreneurship in Pakistan, and determine how women exercise agency to cope with the constraints posed by such factors. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative approach is used to explore the normative context and lived experiences of women entrepreneurs in relation to the influence of socio–cultural beliefs and attitudes on their entrepreneurial career choices. Findings The findings suggest that women’s entrepreneurial career choices both revolve around and are shaped by a complex interplay of socio–cultural influences. Pakistani women entrepreneurs exercise their agency as a means of negotiating gender roles within both household and society, using religious descriptions as a means to justify their entrepreneurial activity. Research limitations/implications While every effort has been made to ensure that the data were objectively interpreted, and the derived findings were robustly analysed, the research team acknowledges the many difficulties associated with adopting a social constructionist approach. As articulated by Fletcher (2011), the key issues of contextual objectivity (i.e. where the researcher judges what is important), reflexive turn (the need for the researcher to constantly reconnect with the subject) and potential multiplicity of contexts (the various contextual and potentially conflicting influences on the researcher) presents ongoing challenges for researchers in this field. Originality/value This study offers valuable insights into the impact of the informal (socio–cultural) institutional factors on women’s entrepreneurial activity, opening up new avenues for further research. The study also contributes to the women’s entrepreneurship literature from the perspective of an Islamic developing country.

scholarly journals https://journalaer.ru/en/archive/journal/279/article/2538/

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-798
Author(s):  
N.B. Davidson ◽  
◽  
O.V. Sanaeva ◽  
E.A. Krivousova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Spatial Concentration ◽  
The Impact

It is essential to develop entrepreneurship in Russia, both to promote economic growth of the country and its regions, and to create jobs and opportunities for highly qualified personnel. At the same time, institutions and spatial concentration of business are known to affect enterprise activity. The aim of our research is to estimate the role of institutional factors and spatial concentration in entrepreneurial activity in Russia's regions. We use panel data for 80 Russian regions covering the period from 2008 to 2018 and apply the system generalized method of moments. Our main contribution to the research on Russian regions is that in addition to institutional factors we estimate spatial effects, while performing a comprehensive analysis of entrepreneurial activity, i.e. considering small, medium, and large enterprises. The results of the empirical analysis show that the impact of institutional factors on entrepreneurship in Russia is varied. The number of economic crimes in the region negatively and significantly affects medium and large business. Corruption is found to be significant only for large business, while the level of the banking system and the risk index positively affect firms of all sizes. We also reveal a positive impact of entrepreneurship in the neighboring regions on the entrepreneurial activity in the region under consideration and confirm that spatial effects decline with distance. We conclude that institutional and spatial factors deserve attention while elaborating and implementing economic policy measures aimed at development of entrepreneurial activity. The heterogeneity of the development of entrepreneurship in the regions indicates the need for a differentiated policy in the field of entrepreneurship. An effective policy for one region may not be suitable for other regions, so government support should differ depending on the situation and the recipient. The results of our research can be useful for designing regional economic policy.

An Empirical Investigation into Institutions Unlocking Entrepreneurial Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Urban ◽  
Angeline Muzamhindo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Institutional Environments ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Different Types

Entrepreneurship scholars tend to agree that institutional factors influence entrepreneurship; however, empirical studies have led to different conclusions with regard to the relative importance of each driver. This study empirically investigates the influence that the regulatory, cognitive, normative and conducive institutional factors have on different types of entrepreneurial activity (EA) in South Africa. Following a survey of 163 ventures, regression results reveal that it is the cognitive and conducive institutional environments, which have a significant impact on EA. These results highlight the importance of institutional environmental factors in relation to opportunity-based EA. Additionally, the findings provide key insights to scholars and policymakers where institutional factors in an emerging market context serve as a catalyst for EA.

Therapist Self-Awareness and Counseling-Related Outcomes: A Quantitative Examination

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex L. Pieterse ◽  
Grace I. Hung ◽  
Jeremy Bissram ◽  
Marianne Ball
Keyword(s):  
Self Awareness ◽  
Quantitative Examination

Multi-dimensional Visualisation of Laboratory Findings and Functional Test Results for Analysing the Clinical Course of Disease in Medicine

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Luz ◽  
W. Giere ◽  
R. Lüdecke ◽  
D. Jonas ◽  
A. J. W. Goldschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Geometrical Figure ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
Ward Rounds ◽  
Patient’S History ◽  
Graphical Primitive ◽  
Computerized Medical Record

Abstract:The illustration of a patient’s history by a graphical primitive is discussed. Illustration technology is presented which simultaneously represents quantitative examination findings (e. g., laboratory values) and qualitative findings (e. g., from function diagnostics) by a single geometrical figure. Depending on the medical results, this figure takes on characteristic forms which can be identified as patterns typical for a specific disease. The procedure developed is integrated in a user interface which is implemented in the form of a computerized medical record for use on a pentop computer. This portable computer assists the physician during ward rounds, supplies additional, intelligence-based information, serves quality control, and streamlines working procedures making them more efficient.

Impact of regulatory framework rigidity on poverty in the regions of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
P. N. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Federal Regulations ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Poverty Dynamics ◽  
Regulatory Burden ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The paper analyzes the impact of the federal regulatory burden on poverty dynamics in Russia. The paper provides regional level indices of the federal regulatory burden on the economy in 2008—2018 which take into account sectoral structure of regions’ output and the level of regulatory rigidity of federal regulations governing certain types of economic activity. Estimates of empirical specifications of poverty theoretical model with the inclusion of macroeconomic and institutional factors shows that limiting the scope of the rulemaking activity of government bodies and weakening of new regulations rigidity contributes to a statistically significant reduction in the level of poverty in Russian regions. Cancellation of 10% of accumulated federal level requirements through the “regulatory guillotine” administrative reform may take out of poverty about 1.1—1.4 million people.

Causing a Stir

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo POTOCNJAK-OXMAN
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Collaborative Design ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Early Stages

Stir was a crowd-voted grants platform aimed at supporting creative youth in the early stages of an entrepreneurial journey. Developed through an in-depth, collaborative design process, between 2015 and 2018 it received close to two hundred projects and distributed over fifty grants to emerging creatives and became one of the most impactful programs aimed at increasing entrepreneurial activity in Canberra, Australia. The following case study will provide an overview of the methodology and process used by the design team in conceiving and developing this platform, highlighting how the community’s interests and competencies were embedded in the project itself. The case provides insights for people leading collaborative design processes, with specific emphasis on some of the characteristics on programs targeting creative youth

A design contribution to the entrepreneurial experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan David ROLDAN ACEVEDO ◽  
Ida TELALBASIC
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
User Centric ◽  
Constant Growth

In recent history, different design approaches have been entering fields like management and strategy to improve product development and service delivery. Specifically, entrepreneurship has adopted a user-centric mindset in methodologies like the business canvas model and the value proposition canvas which increases the awareness of the users’ needs when developing solutions. What happens when a service design approach is used to understand the entrepreneurs’ experience through the creation of their startups? Recent literature suggests that entrepreneurial activity and success is conditioned by their local entrepreneurship ecosystem. This study investigates the Entrepreneurship Ecosystem of Medellín, Colombia - an ecosystem in constant growth but that lacks qualitative analysis. The sample consists of 12 entrepreneurs in early-stage phase. The data was gathered with two design research methods: Cultural Probes and Semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the information collected facilitated the development of 4 insights about the entrepreneurs and an experience map to visualise and interpret their journey to create a startup. The results of this study reflected the implications of the ecosystem, the explanation of the users’ perceptions and awareness and propose a set of ideas to the local government to improve the experience of undertaking a startup in Medellín.

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