scholarly journals Experimental infection of United States swine with a Chinese highly pathogenic strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Virology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 435 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoqing Guo ◽  
Kelly M. Lager ◽  
Jamie N. Henningson ◽  
Laura C. Miller ◽  
Sarah N. Schlink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Strain ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic

A Simple Paper-Based Lab-on-a-Chip for the Detection of a Highly Pathogenic Strain of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyasak Chaumpluk ◽  
Annop Suriyasomboon
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Pathogenic Strain ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic

A paper-based laboratory-on-a-chip assay for the rapid detection of a highly pathogenic strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) was developed for the first time. The single-unit chip was simply fabricated using Whatman filter paper and plastic lamination. The chip measured 2.5 × 3.0 cm2 and was divided into two parts, one for nucleic acid amplification and the other for signal detection. The HP-PRRSV assay was performed by specific ORF I Nsp 2 gene amplification via an isothermal reverse transcription loop-mediated DNA amplification platform, whereas the cDNA signal detection was performed by visual observation of colorimetric changes in blue silver nanoplates (AgNPls). Positive results caused non-aggregation of the blue AgNPls on the detection pad, whereas negative results induced colorimetric changes in the AgNPls from blue to colourless on the pad. The assay had a limit of detection of 100 copies of the target Nsp 2 gene and high specificity for other types of infectious viruses. The assay required only one hour to complete. This work demonstrates a simple and rapid assay for viruses using a simple, low-cost, paper-based chip.

scholarly journals The Genomic and Pathogenic Characteristics of the Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Isolate WUH2

ISRN Virology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Liurong Fang ◽  
Suyan Liu ◽  
Yunbo Jiang ◽  
Huanchun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Prrsv

To fully understand the extent of genetic diversity and pathogenesis of the highly pathogenic PRRSV found in China, we determined the genomic sequence of PRRSV WUH2; the pathogenicity of WUH2 was compared to the classical PRRSV isolate CH-1a. Our results showed that the WUH2 genome had a discontinuous deletion of 30 aa in Nsp2, a 1 nucleotide deletion located in both the 5′ and 3′ UTRs, and point mutations within GP5. Experimental infection demonstrated that PRRSV WUH2 reproduced the phenotype and symptoms of porcine high fever syndrome. Importantly, we found that there were differences in viral burden in the serum and tissues when comparing infections of the pathogenic isolate WUH2 to those of the classical isolate CH-1a. These data provide insight into the genomic diversity and altered pathogenicity of Chinese PRRSV isolates and help elucidate the evolution and potential pathogenic mechanisms of PRRSV.

scholarly journals H5N2 Avian Influenza Outbreak in Texas in 2004: the First Highly Pathogenic Strain in the United States in 20 Years?

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (17) ◽  
pp. 11412-11421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Won Lee ◽  
David E. Swayne ◽  
Jose A. Linares ◽  
Dennis A. Senne ◽  
David L. Suarez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Cleavage Site ◽  
Basic Amino Acid ◽  
The United States ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Single Point Mutation ◽  
Highly Pathogenic

ABSTRACT In early 2004, an H5N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) that met the molecular criteria for classification as a highly pathogenic AIV was isolated from chickens in the state of Texas in the United States. However, clinical manifestations in the affected flock were consistent with avian influenza caused by a low-pathogenicity AIV and the representative virus (A/chicken/Texas/298313/04 [TX/04]) was not virulent for experimentally inoculated chickens. The hemagglutinin (HA) gene of the TX/04 isolate was similar in sequence to A/chicken/Texas/167280-4/02 (TX/02), a low-pathogenicity AIV isolate recovered from chickens in Texas in 2002. However, the TX/04 isolate had one additional basic amino acid at the HA cleavage site, which could be attributed to a single point mutation. The TX/04 isolate was similar in sequence to TX/02 isolate in several internal genes (NP, M, and NS), but some genes (PA, PB1, and PB2) had sequence of a clearly different origin. The TX/04 isolate also had a stalk deletion in the NA gene, characteristic of a chicken-adapted AIV. By analyzing viruses constructed by in vitro mutagenesis followed by reverse genetics, we found that the pathogenicity of the TX/04 virus could be increased in vitro and in vivo by the insertion of an additional basic amino acid at the HA cleavage site and not by the loss of a glycosylation site near the cleavage site. Our study provides the genetic and biologic characteristics of the TX/04 isolate, which highlight the complexity of the polygenic nature of the virulence of influenza viruses.

scholarly journals Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy in Thymi of Infected Piglets

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0128292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Ying Yu ◽  
Yabin Tu ◽  
Jie Tong ◽  
Yonggang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Induced Apoptosis
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