Modeling the relationships among urban passenger travel carbon dioxide emissions, transportation demand and supply, population density, and proxy policy variables

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 146-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabi G. Mishalani ◽  
Prem K. Goel ◽  
Ashley M. Westra ◽  
Andrew J. Landgraf
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Transportation Demand ◽  
Passenger Travel

Impact of urbanization on per capita energy use and emissions in India

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuti Haldar ◽  
Gautam Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Per Capita

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of urbanization on per capita energy consumption and emissions in India. Design/methodology/approach The present study analyses the effects of urbanization on energy consumption patterns by using the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology in India. Time series data from the period of 1960 to 2015 has been considered for the analysis. Variables including Population, GDP per capita, Energy intensity, share of industry in GDP, share of Services in GDP, total energy use and urbanization from World Bank data sources have been used for investigating the relationship between urbanization, affluence and energy use. Findings Energy demand is positively related to affluence (economic growth). Further the results of the analysis also suggest that, as urbanization, GDP and population are bound to increase in the future, consequently resulting in increased carbon dioxide emissions caused by increased energy demand and consumption. Thus, reducing the energy intensity is key to energy security and lower carbon dioxide emissions for India. Research limitations/implications The study will have important policy implications for India’s energy sector transition toward non- conventional, clean energy sources in the wake of growing share of its population residing in urban spaces. Originality/value There are limited number of studies considering the impacts of population density on per capita energy use. So this study also contributes methodologically by establishing per capita energy use as a function of population density and technology (i.e. growth rates of industrial and service sector).

scholarly journals Setting a price for carbon for implementing a carbon tax or a cap and trade system for controlling carbon dioxide emissions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfa Ng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Cap And Trade ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Supply Shock

Carbon tax and cap and trade are two main policy tools for market-based mechanisms aimed at curbing carbon dioxide emissions. But, their implementation requires a careful calibration of the price of carbon, on which a carbon tax is levied, or which helps price carbon credits in an emissions trading system. Hence, setting a price on carbon, tuned to the fundamentals of the local economy, is a profound question in environmental economics, important for benchmarking the price of many goods and services dependent on fossil fuel energy for material input or function. One approach to setting a price on carbon is to progressively increase the price of carbon through regulatory statute from an initial low price. This would help industries and the economy to gradually adapt to a marketplace where there is an additional regulatory price on carbon in addition to a material and services price. On the other hand, a one-off approach at setting the final price of carbon in the economy may deliver a severe demand and supply shock, which may have repercussions beyond businesses needing to factor the price of carbon in their economic calculus. Thus, whether a progressive price increase in carbon or setting the final price, pricing carbon is a delicate economic issue with significant implications for the functioning of an economy choosing either the carbon tax or cap and trade system for regulating carbon dioxide emissions.

Global passenger travel: implications for carbon dioxide emissions

Energy ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 657-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schafer ◽  
David G. Victor
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Passenger Travel

scholarly journals Setting a price for carbon for implementing a carbon tax or a cap and trade system for controlling carbon dioxide emissions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfa Ng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Cap And Trade ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Supply Shock

Carbon tax and cap and trade are two main policy tools for market-based mechanisms aimed at curbing carbon dioxide emissions. But, their implementation requires a careful calibration of the price of carbon, on which a carbon tax is levied, or which helps price carbon credits in an emissions trading system. Hence, setting a price on carbon, tuned to the fundamentals of the local economy, is a profound question in environmental economics, important for benchmarking the price of many goods and services dependent on fossil fuel energy for material input or function. One approach to setting a price on carbon is to progressively increase the price of carbon through regulatory statute from an initial low price. This would help industries and the economy to gradually adapt to a marketplace where there is an additional regulatory price on carbon in addition to a material and services price. On the other hand, a one-off approach at setting the final price of carbon in the economy may deliver a severe demand and supply shock, which may have repercussions beyond businesses needing to factor the price of carbon in their economic calculus. Thus, whether a progressive price increase in carbon or setting the final price, pricing carbon is a delicate economic issue with significant implications for the functioning of an economy choosing either the carbon tax or cap and trade system for regulating carbon dioxide emissions.

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